八年级上册复习导学案

刘庄店第三初级中学八年级上册U1复习导学案（1课时） 制作人：李学萍

教学目标：1、一般将来时的用法。（ be going to/will结构的一般将时） 2、Would you mind ….?句型的用法。

一、自主学习A、一般将来时1. 一般将来时表示在将来的某个时候将要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：I‘ll (shall / will) do a better job next time. 下次我要干得好些。

2. 表示将来时间的常见方法。英语中除了“will /shall+动词原形”表示将来时态外，还可以有以下多种方法：

(1) 用“be going to+动词原形”表示示打算和预测。如： We are not going to stay there long. 我们不准备在那里久待。 (2) 用现在进行时(即be＋现在分词)表示按计划或安排要发生的事。如： We’re having a party next week. 我们下星期将开一个晚会。

3.“will / shall+v.”与“be going to+v.”。两者均可表示将来时间和意图，两者有时可换用，有时不可换用。不可换用的情况主要是：若强调某个意图是经过事先考虑好的，用be going to；若表示某个意图没有经过事先考虑，而是在说话的当时才临时想到的，则用will。另外，若指迹象表明要发生某事，用be going to 而不用will。如：Look at those black clouds. It’s going to rain. 看那些乌云，要下雨了。

二、 一般将来时专练一、单项选择。

( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.

A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be ( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.

A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work ( ) 3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.

A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be ( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.

A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be ( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow? – No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.

A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be ( ) 6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.

A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give

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( ) 7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? –________. （不，不要。） A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t. C. No, please don’t. D. No, please. ( ) 8. – Where is the morning paper? – I ________ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get ( ) 9. ________ a concert next Saturday?

A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are ( ) 10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.

A. have B. will have C. had D. would have ( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.

A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving ( ) 12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.

A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote ( ) 13. He ________ in three days.

A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.

A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine ( ) 15. – Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? – No, ________ （不去）.

A. they willn’t. B. they won’t. C. they aren’t. D. they don’t. ( ) 16. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go ( ) 17. We ________ the work this way next time.

A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing ( ) 18. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ________ boating in the park.

A. will fly; will goB. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go ( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.

A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch ( ) 20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.

A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be ( ) 21. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.

A. are having B. are going to have C. will havingD. is going to have ( ) 22. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?

A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be ( ) 23. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be

( ) 24. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows

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( ) 25. – Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? –________ （好的）. A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you won’t. ( ) 26. It ________ the year of the horse next year.

A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is ( ) 27. ________ open the window?

A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you ( ) 28. – Let’s go out to play football, shall we? – OK. I ________. A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming ( ) 29. It ________ us a long time to learn English well.

A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend ( ) 30. The train ____ at 11.

A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving 二、动词填空。 1. I ______（leave）in a minute. I ______（finish）all my work before I ___ （leave）. 2. —How long _____ you _____（study）in our country? —I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year. —I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.

—What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here? —I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job.

3. I ______（be）tired. I ______（go）to bed early tonight.

4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present. 5. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon.

6. —_____ you _____（be）here this Saturday? —No. I ______（visit）my teacher. 7. —______ I ______（get）you a copy of today’s newspaper? —Thank you. 8. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you. 9. Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes. 10. Most of us don’t think their team ______（win）. 三、句型转换。

1. People in the north often go skating in winter. （next winter） 2. He comes back late.（in two days） 3. She is a conductor of a train.（soon）

4. I sometimes write to my mother in the evening.（tonight） 5. China is a modern and strong country.（in twenty years） B、Would /Do you mind ..?你介意·····吗？/请你······好吗？ Would /Do you mind +doing `…?用来客气地提出请求。其否定形式为Would /Do you mind not doing …?你不做·······行吗？ Would /Do you mind +if +从句？如果······你介意吗？

1回答带有mind 的问句，用yes表示介意，用no 表示不介意

2动名词前还可以加一个逻辑主语，一般用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格 练习选词填空

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( )1 If you hurry up ,we may _______get to the airport in time. A can B must C able to D be able to

( )2 I prefer ___at home to __outside.A staying playing Bto play play Cstaying playD to play playing

( )3The teachers are strict___the student ___everything.Ain inB with with C in withD with in

( )4 We all find that playing sport is ___A relaxing B relaxed C relaxed D to relaxed

( )5 Why not_____us in climbing the Great Wall?A join B to joinC take part in D joined

( )6 –When shall we meet?—Let‘s ___9:00 tomorrow moring.A making B madeC make it D make it

( )7 Would you mind ______here?A don‘t smoking B smoking C to smoking Dnot smoking

( )8 Learning English well is important ___you.A for B with C of D to

( )9Look!There are many clouds in the sky and it is becoming dark.I think it_____

A rainsB is going to rainC is raining D will rain

( )10 There ___going to be a football match between No2 High School and our school.A have B has C is D are

( )11 –Would you like to go swimming with me?---___________ . AYes,I‘d love to B That‘s right C Yes, please D Quite well ( )12LiPing did‘t go shopping .She went skating ________. A of instead B instead of C instead Dtake the place

( )13 We will have fun ____English this term.A to learn B learning C learn D learns

( )14The train _____Beijing at 8:00.A reaches B arrivesC gets D reaches in ( )15 No matter what happens,just stick______it.Ato B for C from D in 补全对话

--What are you going to do after leaving school?

--_1__________________I would like to explore strange things. --2____________________

--Of course.I do.I like to visit different place. --That‘s good .You seem tbe good at speaking English3______________________

--It‘s just so-so.I‘ll try to learn it better.4____________________________

--Maybe I‘ll be a PE teacher .I feel like playing all kinds of games with children. --_5_____________________________

--I hope my students would like me and enjoy themselves ,too. --Good luck!

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刘庄店第三初级中学八年级上册U3复习导学案

制作人：李学萍

教学目标：1、掌握过去进行时的构成和用法。

2、能正确使用感叹句。

一、自主学习 （重点语法） A、过去进行时过去进行时态

1 用法：①过去某个时间正在发生的动作

例：He was cooking at six last night. 昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。

②过去某段时间正在发生的动作

例：I was staying here from March to May last year. 去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。

2 与过去进行时连用的时间状语，常见的有 at nine last night/ at that time= then/

at this time yesterday /或有when the teacher came in/ while he was reading的提示

3 过去进行时的构成：was\\were +现在分词 4 过去进行时的四个基本句型

肯定句 He was cooking at six last night否He was not cooking at six last night. 一般疑问句 Was he cooking at six last night? 两回Yes ,he was. No, he wasn‘t.

特殊疑问句 What was he doing at six last night? 5 过去进行时的固定句型

Jim was reading when the teacher came in.当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。 Jim was reading while Kate was watching TV.在凯特正在看电视的同时吉姆正在读书。

Jim came in while Kate was watching TV.在凯特正在看电视的时候吉姆进来了。 6 请比较He watched TV last night.（过去时间last night, 用一般过去时） He was watching TV at nine last night(过去时间last night+点时间at nine, 用过去进行时)

巩固练习：用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. Now Jim‘s sister __________________(read) newspapers. 2. He __________________(watch)TV at nine last night. 3. He __________________(watch)TV last night.

4. What __________________the twins __________________(do) then?

5. ________Lily ________(draw) a cat when the teacher came in ? --No, she ___ 6. _________________you __________________(have) supper at that time? 7. Jack __________________(not read) a book at nine yesterday evening. 8. Now Jim __________________(play) basketball on the playground（操场）. 9. What _______________he _________________ (do) at nine o‘clock last night.

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10. They ___________________ (listen) to the music at that time.

11. When the teacher came in, the students ________________ (read) the text. 12. We ___________________ (watch) TV when suddenly the telephone rang. 13. Her mother ____________(cook) while her father was watching TV. 改错：每处划线中有错误，在题后改正

1. Linda was write carefully at nine last night. 2. Tomorrow they were swimming in a river. 3. At that time, she listening to the radio. 4. Jim and I was playing when he came in.

5. I was studiing English when he knocked at the door. 按要求句型转换：Mary was riding a bike at that time.

否定句：___________________一般疑问句：__________________ 两回答：_________________特殊疑问句：_____________ 肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它

否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它

一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它 2、能正确使用感叹句。

B、感叹句英语感叹句类型有两种： 1）以What引导

What+a/an+adj.(形容词）+n.（名词）单数+主语+谓语+其他； What+adj.(形容词）+n.（名词）复数+主语+谓语+其他； Example：What a small box it is! What a little boy you are! What little boys you are！ 2）以How引导

How+adj(形容词）/adv(副词）+主语+谓语+其他： Example：How small the box is! How great you are!

How beautiful the girls are! 感叹句专练 一、选择题

⒈ ____ delicious the dish is!A. What B. How C. What a

⒉ ____ strange clothes he is wearing!A. What a B. What C. How a ⒊ ____ an interesting subject it is!A. What B. How C. What an ⒋ ____ foggy it was yesterday!A. What B. What a C. How ⒌ ____ careless a boy you are!A. How B. What a C. What 二、把下列的句子改为感叹句。

⒈ A: Jill is drawing a beautiful picture.B: ____________________ ⒉ A: Mr Wang is a busy man.B: ___________________________ ⒊ A: The cat is very happy.B: ___________________________

⒋ A: The tractor is going very slowly.B: ___________________________ ⒌ A: He is very lucky.B: ___________________________ ⒍ A: It is a wet day today.B: ___________________________ ⒎ A: They started early.B: ___________________________

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⒏ A: They waited a long time.B: ___________________________ ⒐ A: He is wearing a large shirt.B: ___________________________ ⒑ A: The dolphin is playing happily.B: ___________________________ 二、讨论交流并展示结果

1.pay…for ; cost ; spend；take 用法的区别—————————————— 2.such ;so的用法—————————————————————————— 3.14-year-old合成形容词的解析——————————————————— 4.no one 与none的辨析————————————————————5.borrow lend keep辨析——————————————————————— 三、小组练习

A1.We traveled all night to London and got there________Sunday, morning. A for B on C at D to

2.—I hear that an old couple are traveling around China by bike

.—Oh,___long way on their bicycles!They are so great.A what a B how C what D how a

3.We all love Miss Yang.She always makes her class very _______. A interest B interests C interesting D interested

4.After climbing the hill,I was ___tired _____I could hardly walk. A so; that B such ; that C as ; as D not so; as

5. The children ___a P.E class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain. A have B are having C had D were having

6—Who went to see him when he was ill?--_________ 7.___of them went to see the films. A no one B none B、补全对话

--Hi,Li Hua.Our summer holidays are coming.What are you going to do? --__1__________________________.

--Visit Shanghai?For the World Expo in Shanghai ? --Quite right. --You are so luckly!2_______________________?

--By plane.I know you often go there .Could you tell me something about it? --Of course.

--3____________________________? --It‘s very hot .You ‗d better take a pair of sunglasses and some cool clothes .

--Thank you for your advice.It‘s said the Word Expo is quite wonderful.Would you like to go with me ?

--I‘d love to,but I‘m afraid I can‘t My grandfather is ill.I have to look after him. --4___________________________.I hope he will be better soon. --I hope so.By the way ,when are you leaving for Shanghai? --Next week .

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--5_____________________________!Bye-bye. --Bye.

四、反馈练习

1—Hello,may I speak to Ken?--_____________________ A Yes, please B Hold on ,pleaseC Who are you ?D Yes,I‘m Ken 2 I ____TV when my mother _____.A watched;came back

B was watching;came backC was watching; was coming backD watch;was coming back

3 It‘s very kind _____them to pick me up at the railway station and drive me home.

A for B to C of D with

4Tom is good at ______and he is going to be a violinist in the years. A playing the violin B play the violin C playing violin D play violin 5 When we heard the _____news, we got _________.

Aexciting;excited B excited; exciting C excited; exciting; D exciting; exciting 6 He is _______short _____reach that apple on the tree. A too;toB to; too C so ;that D enough; to

7 –What are you hobbies?—I am fond_________ A of acting B act C to act D of act

8 –It‘s neccssary for us to take an hour‘s exercise every day.—I agree ___you. A at B to C on D with

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八年级第四单元语法及习题 吴婷婷

语法： .过去进行时

一.定义:过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。 二.结构：形式为was /were + V-ing。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last night, last Saturday等；或者与when, while, as引导的过去时间状语连用。 三.基本用法

1.过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。 如：He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。 2. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。

如：I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。 【注】一般过去时也有类似用法，但比较而言，用过去进行时显得更客气，更不肯定。

3. 过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，也通常与 always, forever, continually等副词连用。 如：They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。 4. 动词be的过去进行时

动词be的进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。 比较：He was friendly. 他很友好。(指过去长期如此)

He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。(指当时一时的表现)

补充：when 的后面加一般过去时，而且动词是不延续性动词。 while 的后面加过去进行时，动词是延续性动词。 四.特殊用法

1、当句子意思很清楚时，我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时 We listened carefully while the teacher read the text. 老师读课文时，我们都仔细地听着。

2、表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置转移的动词时，也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。 如：He told me that he was going soon. 他告诉我他很快就要走了。 3、表示故事发生的背景。

It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 那支医疗小组往前线行进时，天正下着雪。 4、表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。

过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作，这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。

Five minutes later, he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette. 5分钟后，他已站在门口抽着烟。

5、过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。 I was walking in the street when someone called me.

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我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 6、用来陈述原因或用作借口。

She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。

7、与always, constantly等词连用，表示感情色彩。

The girl was always changing her mind. 这女孩老是改变主意。 常用的时间状语

this morning, the whole morning, all day ,yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while ,at that time,.just now，a moment ago

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself; It was raining when they left the station;

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 过去进行时习题：

1. While we __________ (wait) for the bus, a girl __________ (run) up to us. 2. I __________ (telephone) a friend when Bob __________ (come) in. 3. Jim __________ (jump) on the bus as it __________ (move) away.

4. We __________ (test) the new machine when the electricity __________ (go) off. 5. She _______ (not want) to stay in bed while the others ____(all, work) in the fields. 6. While mother ________ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell ________ (ring). 7. As I __________ (walk) in the park, it __________ (begin) to rain.

8. Even when she ___________ (be) a child she ________________ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演员).

9. It was quite late at night. George __________ (read) and Amy __________ (ply) her needle when they __________ (hear) a knock at the door.

10. There __________ (be) a group round the fire when they __________ (reach) it. An old woman __________ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children __________ (lie) near her; a donkey __________ (bend) his head over a tall girl. 11. I _____ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.

12. Mary _____ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter ____(do) the same thing.

13. What _____ you ___ (do) at that time? We _____ (watch) TV.

14. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _____ (listen) to the radio.

15. They _____(not make) a model ship when I saw him.

16. _____ they ____ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon? No, they _____. They _____ (clean) the classroom.

17. ______ it ______(rain) when you left school? Yes, it ____. (No, it ____) 18. What _____ your father _____ (do) when he was your age?

19. One day, Edison _____ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(轨道) to play.

20. He asked me if I ______ (go) fishing that afternoon.

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感叹句

感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜、怒、哀、乐、惊、恐等情感。英语感叹句常用\"what\"和\"how\"引导，\"what\"和\"how\"与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。

一、由\"what\"引导的感叹句：\"what\"意为\"多么\"用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是：

what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is). 即：

What +名词+陈述语序。例如：What noise they are making! 他们真吵！ What +a+形容词+名词+陈述语序。例如：What a clever boy he is! 他是多聪明的孩子！

What+ 形容词+复数名词+陈述语序。例如：What wonderful ideas （we have）! 我们的主意真棒！

What+ 形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序。例如：What cold weather it is! 多冷的天！

What a clever boy he is!的省略形式为：What a clever boy!

二、由\"how\"引导的感叹句：\"how\"意为\"多么\"，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是：

How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is). 即

How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序。例如：How clever a boy he is! 他是多聪明的孩子！

How+形容词或副词+陈述语序。例如：How lovely the baby is! 小毛头真可爱！

三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用\"what\"引导，也可用\"how\"引导,即互换感叹词。如：

① What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀！

② What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！ ③ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！ 四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。 如：

① What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀！ ② What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀！ ③ What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀！ ④ How cool! 好凉快呀！

⑤ How wonderful! 精彩极了！

感叹句练习 基本练习 一．单项选择：

1. _______ bad weather! We have to stay in.A. How B. How a C. What D. What a 2. _______ strong wind! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 3. _________ big the tree is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a

4. _________ interesting story it is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How a 5. _________ nice they are! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a

6. _________ beautiful the flower is! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a

7. _________ hard the people are working!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 8. _________ good boy he is!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a

9. _________ funny the little boy is!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 10. _________ hot the water is!A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 二．将下列句子变成感叹句：

1. It is quite a nice present.→_____ _____ nice present!

2. We have fine weather today.→_____ _____ weather we have today! 3. It’s sunny today.→_____ _____ sunny day it is today!

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4. The children are working hard.→_____ _____ the children are working! 5. She played basketball wonderfully.→_____ _____ she played basketball! 6. He sings well.→_____ _____ he sings!

7. The fish is very lovely.→_____ _____ the fish is! 提高练习

1.____ a nice watch it is! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a

2. ____ bright girls they are! A. What B. What a C. How D. How a、 3. ____ interesting the film is! A. What B. What an C. How

4. ____ sunny day! Let’s go out for a walk. A. How a B. How C. What a D. What 5. ____ hard work it is! A. How B.What C. What a D. What an 6. ____ day it is! It’s rainy again.

A. How bad B. What a bad C. How fine D. What a fine1．

反意疑问句

1.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 可记为 前肯后否定. 2．陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 可记为 前否后肯定. They work hard, don’t they?

前肯后否，前否后肯，前be后be，前无be后助,时态一致。

附加疑问句中主语用和主句一致的主语，用主格。 附加疑问句随从句。 不定代词

当陈述部分的主语时

( 1 )用one时，后面的疑问句可用one/he.

(2)everything,anything,nothing,something时， 附加疑问句中主语用it 不用 they

（3）this,that,或those,these时，附加疑问句中主语用it或they. （4）everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，anyone，nobody等，附加疑问句中主语一般用he（书面语）/they（口头语）.

(5)不定式，动名词，其他短语，附加疑问句中主语一般用it。 （6）在there be句型中，附加疑问句中主语一般用be/情态动词/助动词+there。否定意义的词

否定意义的词

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(1)当陈述部分有never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing，none,rarely 等否定意义的词汇时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式：

There are few apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they?

(2)当陈述部分含有否定意思的词

unhappy,dislike,unfriendly,nothing等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un,dis,no-前缀、less-后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词，当做肯定句处理，疑问部分要用否定形式。如：

He looks unhappy,doesn'the?他看上去不高兴，不是吗？

The girl dislikes history,doesn'tshe?这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？有less,fewer等词视为肯定词，疑问部分用否定形式。如： There will be less pollution, won't there? 表示主语主观意愿的词

含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。

(1)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如：

I expectour English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he?

We supposeyou have finished the project, haven't you? 值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否定式。例如： I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he? We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they?

此类句子的回答同\"前否后肯\"型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎已经到了，则回答为\"Yes, they have.\"；若尚未到达，使用\"No, they haven't.\"。

(2)当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与从句无关）。例如：

Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?

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You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you? They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?

She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she? (3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。

had better或have

陈述部分有had better,或其中的have表示完成时态时，疑问句应用hadn’t等开头： You’d better get up early, hadn’t you?

其他情况句中有have时疑问句应用don't等开头

如have表示“有”的时候，有两种形式：（have 表示有 可用do或 have来改写）

-He has two sisters,doesn't he? =He has two sisters,hasn't he? -He doesn't have any sisters,doeshe? 祈使句

当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达，分三种情况： 1）一般情况下用will you 或 won't you。 Give me a hand,will you?

Leave all the things as they are,won't you?

2)以Let's开头的祈使句，前肯后可肯可否，前否后只用will you，疑问句必须用shall we;只有以Let us（听话人不被包括在“us”里面）或Let me开头的祈使句，问句才用will you。

Let us know the time of your arrival,will you? Let”s try again,shall we?

Let me help you,will you?

Let’s have a look on your book，shall we？

3)当陈述句是否定的祈使句时，问句可用will you 或 can you 。 e.g. Don't make much noise,will/can you? There be句型

There be 句型中，反义疑问部分必须为be 动词 + there There are some apples in the basket, aren't there?

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There isn't any milk left, is there? must

.当陈述部分有情态动词must，问句有4种情况：

（1）mustn't表示“禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用must. You mustn't stop your car here,must you?

你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？

（2）must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't. They must finish the work today,needn't they?

他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？

（3）当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。

He must be good at English,isn'the? 他英语一定学得很好，是吗？

（4）当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”；如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。

She must have read the novel last week,didn't she?

她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？

You must have told her about it,haven't you?

你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？ 反意疑问句练习

1. The movie that we saw last week was quite interesting, ______? a. wasn’t it b. was it c. didn’t we d. weren’t we

2. Tom has been writing letters all afternoon, but he should have finished them by now,______?

a. hasn’t he b. has he c. shouldn’t he d. didn’t you 3. David told me that you would take a trip to America, ______? a. would you b. wouldn’t you c. did you d. didn’t you 6. Any one can join the club, ______?

a. can any one b. can’t any one c. can’t they d. can they 7. Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, ______? a. will you b. shan’t you c. do you d. don’t you

8. May scarcely comes to visit you on Christmas Day, ______? a. doesn’t she b. does she c. do you d. don’t you

9. Let’s listen to the radio program that the teacher mentioned, ______?

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a. do we b. don’t we c. shall we d. shan’t we 填词完成反意疑问句

1. He wouldn't wait in line the next day ,______ ? 2. She has been learning English , _________ ? 3. We can't take the books out ,________ ? 4. He has to go home on foot , ________ ? 5. You haven't had your lunch ________ ? 6.We have nothing to eat , ________ ? 7.They dislike the book ,________ ?

8. There used to be a post office in the street ,________ ? 10.We must hand in the exercises , ________ ? 11.You dare to jump off the wall ,________ ?

12. He made a few mistakes in his exercises , ________ ? 13 She must be a music lover ,________ ?

15. I don't think you 're serious , ________ ? 16.Let us do the jobs by ourselves ,________ ? 18. Do the homework by yourselves , ________ ? 19 Let's enter the hall ,________ ?

20 .You must have seen him yesterday ,________ ?

答案 1. would he 2.hasn't she 3.can we 4.doesn't he 5.have you 6.have we 7.don't they 8. usedn't there 9.didn't he 10.mustn't we 11.don' t you 12.didn't he 13.isn't she 14.don't you 15.are you 16.will you 17.Yes 18.will you 19.will you 20.didn't

第四单元检测

一．单项选择（15分）

1._________ does it _________ you to walk from your home?

A.How far;take B.How long;take C.How far;spend D.How long;spend 2.You ____________ finish your homework on time. A.has to B.must C.have to D.had to

3.He usually _______home very late. A.reach B.must C.gets D.arrived in 4.----How far is it from here to the Children Park? -----It’s about _____________. A.30 minutes walk B.30 minutes’s walkC.30 Minutes’ walk D.30-minutes walk 5.How about going there____________ our bikes? A.in B.about C.at D.by 6.What do you think ___________ this kind of new computer game?

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A.of B.about C.for D.over 7.____________ is it from here to the bus station?

A.How far B.How long C.How often D.How soon 8._________ fo they get to school,by bike or on foot? A.How far B.How long C.How often D.How 9.In South Korea,most students get to school __________.

A.take a subway B.take the subway C.by the subway D.by subway 10.I don’t like this hat.Please shou me ________ one. A.other B.the other C.another D.any other

11.I usually go to school ________ bike,but sometimes I go to school _______ foot. A.with;on B.on;by C.on;with D.by;on

12.----Must I do it at once? ----No,you ____________. A.you can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.haven’to

13.Going to the museum by subway must be more fun than ________ a bus. A.take B.takes C.to take D.taking

14.__________ Fridays,I usually play computer games with Zhang Hua. A.In B.At C.On D.Before

15.We don’t have much money but we enjoy ____________. A.ours B.yours C.yourselves D.oursedves 二、完形填空（15分）

Mark Hill is a traffie police officer in Watford,near London.He works on some of the busiest streets in Britain.“There are traffic police 1 twenty-four hours a day. There are three shifts each day,and each shift is 2 hours.Usually we have to dealwith three or four accidents each shift.”

“We deal with anyone who is hurt in the accident.Yhat’s the 3 thing.Then we have to clear the road and get the traffic 4 again.”

“You must be careful while driving.Most accident happen becanuse people drive too 5 .Especially when the road is wet,it’s more 6 .Sometimes we get accidents 7 drivers don’t obey the rules.For example,I’ve seen a lot of drivers who

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psaa others 8 the left.It’s not right in Britain.If you want to pass the cars in front,you have to go into the fast lane on the right.”

“I love my job.It makes me feel 9 every day—I never know 10 .I’m going to do from one day to the next.And I meet all kinds of people.I don’t think there’s any other job that can give me that experience.”

1.A.on a trip B.on duty C.on show D.in a car 2.Aeight B.fifteen C.eighteen D.twelve 3.A.first B.last C.second D.only 4.A.stopping B.serving C.moving D.waiting 5.A.fast B.carefully C.slowly D.quickly 6.A.strict B.dangreous C.normal D.nervous 7.Aand B.so C.but D.because 8.A.at B.for C.in D.on 9.Asleepy B.angry C.excited D.sad

10.what B.how C.where D.which 三、阅读理解

When you are in England,you must be very careful in the streets because the traffic drives on the left.Befor you cross(穿过) a street,you must look to the right first and then left.

In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from work,the streets are very busy.Traffic is the most dangerour then.

When you drive a car in England,you have to be careful,too.Always remember the traffic drives on the left.So you must be careful.Have a look,or you will go ghe wrong way.

In many English cities,there are big buses with two floors.You can sit on the second floor.From there,you can see the city very well.It’s very interesting.

( )1. In England the traffic must go _________. A.on the left B.quickly C.on the right D.in the middle ( )2. When you cross the street,you must look to ________. A.right B.the front and back C.left D.the right first,then left

( )3.Traffic is the most dangerous in the morning and evening because ______.

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A.people are doing some shopping B.people are waiting for a bus C.people go to or come from work D.some people go on ghe wrong way ( )4. It’s very interesting to sit ___________.

A.on a bus B.on a two-floor bus C.on the second floor of two-floor buses D.on the first of two-floor buses

( )5. In China,people drive ___________.

A.on the left B.quickly C.on the right D.in the middle 四、任务阅读（10分）

(3)Many scientists find that colors can change people’s feelings.It’s very interesting.Some colors can make people feel relaxed,and come colors can make people feel nervous.Now,this kind of knowledge is being used in many places.Dor example,school walls are always painted green because green makes students feel relaxed.It is also good for the students’ eyes.Some books are also green or light bule for the same reason.(4)Restaurant owners not only have to know how to make food,but also have to know how to make money.Here are some thing they’ve learned from scientific studies.The color red makes people hungry.Many fast food restaurants

have red furniture or walls.Soft colors like pink and light bule make people feel relaxed,so they spend mor time eating.Loud music may be nice at first,but it soon makes people want to leave.Hard seats also make customers want to eat first.but it soon makes people want to leave.Hard seats also make customers want to eat quickly and leave.Many restaurants,especially fast food restaurants,use this knowledge to make customers eat faster.

任务一：根据短文内容回答问题。

1. How does the color green make the students feel?(Please answer within 15 words.)

___________________________________________________________ 2. What do many tast food restaurants do ?(Please answer within 20 words.)

任务二：将文中划线的句子翻译成汉语。

3. 4. 任务三：请给短文拟一个适当的标题。 5.

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五、词汇（25分） （一）单词拼写（10分）

1. It’d three k___________from my home to school.So I usually take the bus to school.

2. IT takes us twenty m___________ to walk to the park.

3. In our school a small n_____________ of students go to school by bus. 4. Li lei takes the _________________（地铁）to school every day. 5. His father often goes to Shanghai by __________________(飞机).

（二）综合填空：根据短文内容，用文框中所给词汇的适当形式填空。（其中两项多余）（15分）

have a god time study work be pull put leave cat take meet turn name there A boy 1_______ Jack lived in a small village.One morning,his mother sent him to his uncle’s house in town.He 2__________________ there.

Before Jack 3_______ in the evening,his uncle gave him a jar(坛子) and said,“4_______ some candy in it,you may put your hand into it and take some out when you want to 5_________ them.”

Jack looked at the jar when he was in the train.It had a long and small neck.He 6________ his hand into the jar and 7____________ five pieces.But he could not get his hand out.He 8_________ his hand this way and that way.It doesn’t 9_____________ Finally he let four pieces go.Then he could 10____________ his hand out of the jar.

六、写作（15分）

如今，自行车在大城市里仍然受欢迎，骑车上学或上班都很方便。那么你喜欢哪种交通工具呢？请根据中文提示，用上下面的提示单词或短语，写一段意思连贯、符合逻辑的英语短文。词数在70左右。

提示：1.bicycles,popular 2.It’s easy,goto school/work by bike 3.now,people,cars,make dirty 4.bikes,healthy,save energy(节省能源) 5.I,because-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

一. 1-5BBCCB 6-10AADDC 11-15DCDCD 二．1-5BAACA 6-10BDDCA 三. 1-5ADCCC 四．1.The color green make students feel relaxed.

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2.Play loud music .Have hard seats.Paint their walls red. 3.许多科学家发现颜色能够改变人的感觉。

4.饭店的老板不仅必须知道如何烹饪，而且要学会怎样赚钱。 5.Use color to changefeelings.

五．(一).1.kilometers 2.minutes 3.number 4.subway 5.plane

(二) 1.named 2.had a good time 3.left 4.There is 5.eat 6.put 7.took 8.turned 9.work 10.pull

六．Bicycle are still pouple in many big cities.It’s easy to go to school or go to work .Now many people buy cars and it makes air dirty.But riding bicycles can help people keep healthy and save energy. I like riding bicycles because it’s cheap and it can also keep air clean .

刘庄店第三初级中学八年级上册U5复习导学案（1课时）

制作人：李学萍

教学目标：复习掌握形容词同级比较。

一、自主学习（重点语法）形容词比较级和最高级变化规则:

一、规则变化：单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。

1) 一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est: tall taller tallest；great greater greatest

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2) 以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st:

nice nicer nicest large larger largest able abler ablest 3) 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er，-est ：

Big bigger biggest; hot hotter hottest

4) 以辅音字母+y\"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est ：busy busier

busiest ；easy easier easiest

5) 少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-est clever cleverer cleverest；

narrow narrower narrowest

6) 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。

Important - more important - most important ；easily -more easily - most easily 二、不规则变化

原级 比较级 最高级 Good/ well better best bad / ill worse worst

old older/elder oldest/eldest elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。

much/many more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest * farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中，father表示距离，further表示进一步。I have nothing further to say. 构成: 比较级

形容词物体A + am / are / is + 形比 + than + 物体B.

I am taller than you. Pasta is more delicious than pizza. 副词物体A + 行为动词 + 副比 + than + 物体B.

Cheetahs run faster than goats. He studies better than me. 最高级

1）物体A + am / are / is + the + 形最高级 + 比较范围（of + 人/物，in +地方）. I am the tallest in the class. Pasta is the most delicious food of the three.

2）物体A + 行为动词 + 副词最高级 + 比较范围（of + 人/物，in + 地方）. Cheetahs run fastest in the world. It is the largest island in Europe. 易错点：

1）要避免重复使用比较级。

(错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is clever than his brother. 2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。

(错) China is larger than any country in Asia.

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(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia. (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。

The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.

4）要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。 比较：Which is large, Canada or Australia?

Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. 比较级引申用法：

1. 在\"which..., ...or...?\"句中，表示两者比较：Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?

2. 比较级+and+比较级，越来越：It's getting darker and darker. He is getting more and more interested in sports.

3. The more..., the more...：越***就越**： The more you eat, the more you want. The busier he is, the happier he feels.

4. More than : He read more than ten books last term. 上学期他看了十几本书。

5. 形容词比较级前可受用much, far, a lot, still, no, a little, even, any 修饰，表示超出的程度：

We have a much better life now. 我们现在的日子好得多了。

The buildings look far uglier in London than here. 伦敦的建筑比这儿的难看得多。

This story is even more interesting than that one. 这个故事比那个更有趣。 I made a lot more mistakes than you (did). 我犯的错误比你多多了。 My sister is two years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小两岁。 You are an inch taller than Tom. 你比汤姆高一寸。 最高级引申用法：

1. 形容词最高级前面

Its second largest city is Osaka. 它的第二大城市是大阪。 The third largest city is Los Angeles. 第三大城市是洛杉矶

She was by far the most active member in our group. 她是我们小组最积极的成员。

2. 形容词最高级短语

She is ten years old at most. 她至多十岁。 We’ll do our best. 我们将尽力而为。

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典型例题:

1） ---- Are you feeling ____? ---- Yes，I'm fine now. A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better

答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better. 2）The experiment was____ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much

答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。

3）If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案：D。 比较级

一. 词形变换。（比较级和 最高级）

Large fast easy wet Good important well bad many

little far strong patient safe expensive A1. This box is___ that one.

A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as 2. When we speak to people, we should be ' .

A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly

C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3. This book is____ that one, but____ than that one.

A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensivD. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so ___ as that one.

A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. His father began to work____ he was seven years old. A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while B( )1. I think science is _ than Japanese.

A. much importantB. importantC.much more importanD. more much important ( ) 2 This pencil is___ than that one.A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long ( ) 3 My mother is no ___ young.A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few ( ) 4 These children are ____ this year than they were last year. A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller ( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.

A. even hotter B. more hotterC. much more hot D. much hot 6. Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better.

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A more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse

C1. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with___ students. A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 2. The house is small for a family of six.

A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so

3. Through the window we can see nothing but ____ buildings.

A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 4. -What's your brother like?-He is___.

A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 5. The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it. A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl

6. Our classroom is____ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much

D ( ) 1. The earth is about____ as the moon. A.as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C.as big fifty timesD.fifty as times big ( ) 2. Your room is mine. A.twice as large thanB. twice the size of C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as ( ) 3. Your room is ___ than mine. Athree time biB. three times bigC. three times biggeD. bigger three times ( ) 4. His father is____than his mother. ;A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years E( ) 1. Maths is more popular than____.

A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject ( ) 2. China is larger than ____ in Africa.

A.any other country B. other countries Cthe other country D. any country ( ) 3. Tom is stronger than ___ in his class.

A. any other boy B. any boys C. any boy D. other boy

F( ) 1. When spring comes, it gets____.A. warm and warm B. colder and colder C. warmer and warmer D. shorter and shorter

( ) 2. By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English.

A. more and more B. much and much C. many and many D. less and least

( ) 3. At last he began to cry ___.A. hard and hard B. more hard and more hard

C. harder and harder D. less hard and less harder

( ) 4. When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____.

A. short; long B. long; short C. longer; shorter D. shorter; longer G1. ___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it. A. The best; the more B. The more; the less C. The more; less D. More; the more

2. ___ he read the book, ____ he got in it.

A. The more; the more interestingB. The less; the more interesting C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested

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3. ___ you come back, _____ it will be.A, The quicker; the best B. The sooner; the better C. Faster; the better D. The sooner; better H( )1. I like___ one of the two books.

A. the older B. oldest C. the oldest D. older ( )2. Which is___country, China or Japan?

A. the large B. the larger C. larger D. largest ( ) 3. Of the two cups, he bought .

A. the smaller B. the smallest C. small D: smaller

I( ) 1. Which do you like ___, tea or coffee? A. well B. better C. best D. most ( ) 2. This work is ____ for me than for you.

A. difficult B. most difficult C. much difficult D. more difficult ( ) 3. Which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the fish? A. good B. better C. best D. well

( ) 4. The Great Pyramid is about 137 metres high today, but it was once A. higher B. highest C. high too D. more high ( ) 5. Don't you think it ______ not to write the letter? A. well , B. better C. best D. good

答案：A . 1-5 D A C A B B. 1-6 C C B D A B C. 1-6 A A D B D D D.

1-4 B B C C E. 1-3 A D A F. 1-4 D A C C G. 1-3 B C B H. 1-3 A B A I .1-5 B D B A B 二、探索疑难proud 有关的短语——————————————————— lively alive living live辨析——————————————————————— fail________(名词)—————————————（动词的用法）advice_______(动词及用法)

alone lonely 辨析———————————————— 三、小组讨论交流

邀请某人做某事—————— …..的入场券—————以……结尾————————

使振奋——————————形成；诞生——————情绪低落——————————

对某人要求严格——————发烧——————对……感到高兴—————— 采纳某人的建议——————与某人相处融洽——————在某人的年龄— 四、练习反馈

1 –Hi,Jack.Did you go to Jim‘s birthday party?—No,I felt so sad .I _______. Adidn‘t invited B wasn‘t invite C am not invited D hadn‘t invited 2 Mrs Jenny gave us___on how to learn English well.

Asome advices B many advices C some advice D an advice 3 We also learn how to ___well with others at school. A get to B get on C get down D get up

4 I‘m a little ___than you.,but I‘m as ___as you.

A thinner;stronger B thin; stronger C thinner; strong 5 He stopped playing baseball in 2010____his illness.

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A because of B at the end of C next to D instead of

6The menu has so many good things!I can‘t decide _____. A what to eat B how to eat C where to eat D when to eat 7 There ___a knife and a fork on the table.

A seems to be B seem to be C is seeming to be Dare

8—I‘m tired of doing my homework..—Don‘t do the same thing all the time.I will make you____.

A bore B bored C to bore D boring

9 –Look! It ___be Sack on the playground.—It ___be him.Because I saw him go into the school library just now.

A must; mustn‘t B can; can‘t C may;mustn‘tD must;can‘t

10--___weather !It‘s too cold !—That‘s terrible !We can‘t go climbing today. A What bad B What a bad C How bad

11—What happened ___you ,Tom?—A car happened ___me when I crossed the road .

A to ;of hitting;B with; to hit C to; to hit D with ;on hitting

12 After his wife died,he lives ___,but he doesn‘t feel___Alonely ;lonely B alone ;alone C lonely;alone D alone; lonely

13 –Children may have sad feelings afte some bad___.—Don‘t worry.They can ask some doctors with lots of___for help.A experiences; experiencesB experience;experienceC experience; experiencesD experiences;experience 13 Excuse me ,Could you tell me __________?—Yes.There is a video shop next to the building.

A where can I buy some CDs B where I can buy some CDs C when can I buy some CDs D when I can buy some CDs 补全对话

--Hi,Mark.I want to have a class party ._1______________________ --Yes,I can help you.2______________________ --Let‘s have it today after class. --No,today is too early.

--_3_______________________-

--Hmm-I‘m afraid not. We‘ll have a test tomorrow.Let‘s have it the weekend.

--4____________________Let‘s have it on Sunday afternoon.We can all meet and watch a video.

--No,I don‘t‘ think we should watch a video.L et‘s play party games. --That‘s a good idea.Can you organize the party games. --Sure,5__________________Is that all right? --All right.

刘庄店三中八年级英语U7复习导学案 制作人：李学萍 教学目标：1、掌握宾语从句。

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2、副词的比较级和最高级。 一、自主学习重点语法。 A、宾语从句宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的引导词

由连词 that, whether 或 if ; 由连接代词 who, whose, whom, which, what 和连接副词 when, where, how, why 引导；

2. 宾语从句的时态原则上要与主句谓语动词的时态相一致；但当宾语从句表示的是客观事实和客观真理时，其谓语动词用一般现在时，不受主句，从句时态一致的影响。如：

Tom told us that he had finished his work. Mr. Li asks who is on duty today.

Mary asks me if I shall go abroad next Monday. Miss Gao said the sun rises in the east every day. 3. 宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序要用陈述句的语序； 如： Could you tell me what your name is?

Who knows what time the next train will arrive here?

注意: 1Could you tell me what‘s wrong with you?2 Do you know what‘s the matter with Tom?3 I really don‘t know which is the way to the library. 4 Please show me what‘s your trouble. 4. 宾语从句的否定转移

主句的主语是第一人称 (I / we )，谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, expect,

suppose, guess 等。 如：I don‘t think Tom is wrong.我认为汤姆没有错。 I don‘t believe he can do that matter. 我相信他不会做那件事。 5. 宾语从句中连词 whether 与 if 的区别

① 引导宾语从句时，二者可互换，但 whether 常与 or not 连用，宾语从句是

否定句时，一般用 if 引导 ；如：He asked if / whether she could come back.

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2 I wonder whether it will rain tomorrow or not.3I want to know if they have nothing to do.3I don‘t care if it doesn‘t rain. ② 在 ―be + 形容词‖ 之后，二者均可使用；如： He was not sure if / whether it‘s right or wrong.

③ 与 or not 连用或句子含有“or not ”之意时，只用 whether； 如： I don‘t know whether Tom will go home or not.

The headmaster asked Wei Minzhi whether she was going to take Mr.Gao‘s lessons instead and she said―Yes‖.

④ 与动词不定式连用时，只用whether； 如：He can‘t decide whether to go home. ⑤ 引导表语从句和同位语从句时，只用 whether； 如： The problem is whether he has known it.

The news whether we shall go on a field trip next week is unknown. ⑥ 在介词之后，只用 whether； 如：

I‘m thinking about whether it will rain tomorrow. ⑥ 在句首（即主语从句中），用whether； 如： Whether she is Jim‘s young sister is not clear.

二、历届中招 “宾语从句”的考查

33. —Do you know_________？ (04) —Yes，I do. She came here on foot. A. where Kate came from B. how Kate came here C. when Kate comes here D. why Kate didn‘t come here 34. －Could you tell me ________? (05) －She is a student in Eton School. A. where Kate is studying B. how Kate studies C. why Kate was studying D. when Kate studied

39. Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows ________. (06) A. where they have been B. where are they

C. where are they from D. where they have gone 40. —Could you please tell me ? （07） —Bus No. 32 will take you right there.

A. where is Henan Museum B. what Henan Museum is like C. how can I get to Henan Museum Dwhich bus I shall take to Henan

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Museum

34. —May I come in? I‘m sorry I am late.

—Come in, please. But could you please tell me ? （08） A. why you are late again B. what were you doing then C. who you talked with D. how do you come to school 35. —What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?

—Sorry. I don‘t know ______. (09)

A. when did he go abroad B. why he is going abroad

C. how soon will he be back D. how long he will stay abroad

35. Some of my friends are interested in science, but none of them can tell

_______. (10)

A. when UFOs will appear next time B. why do horses know the way C. where was this kind of plant found

D. howdoelephants communicate

( )45. You must remember________.（11）

A. what your teacher said B what did your teacher say C. your teacher said that D. what has your teacher said B、副词比较级和形容词的相似（可参考形容词的讲解） 二、课后练习。一. 词汇.(5分)

根据句意及所给单词的首字母，完成单词。 1 Ladies and g________,welcome to our party!

2 The students work hard. And the results were worth the e__________. 3 When you have dinner in a restaurant, you will look at a m_______first. 4 Most students r_______that they should eat a regular and good breakfast. 5 Many different foods are on s__________, such as fried noodles, meat pies, hot dogs and so on.

二．用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。(5分)

1 We know that poor areas have few school _________(supply). 2 Please come here, I need_________(ask)you some questions.

3 Keep _____(try). I think it‘s easy for you to organize such a food festival.

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4 If you want to be healthy, you should eat all kinds of foods_________(regular)/5 Do you think__________(sell)newspapers can make a lot of money? 三 选择题。（20分）

（ ）1When we are in trouble, we need to _________others. A turn on B turn to C turn off D turn up

（ ）2. The girl looks , but she doesn‘t do her homework .

A. gentle; careful B. gently; carefully C. gentle; carefully （ ）3_______you are, _______mistakes you will make in the exam. A The more careful; the fewer B The more careless; the fewer C The more careful; the less D The more careless; The less （ ） 4 We can get more _______about Beijing.

A some information B many informations C information D much information

（ ）5. The teachers asked us football on the road. A. to not play B. to play C. not to play

（ ） 6 You can use a spoon or a fork ______the curry, if you want to. A to cut B to cook C to eat D to order （ ）7 It‘s easy for us______dumplings, so I want to learn it. A to eat B to buy C to find D to cook

（ ）8. The music very nice. I enjoy listening to it again.

A. sound B. sounds C. hears （ ）9It doesn‘t worth_______him. He is always late.

（ ）10 –I will help Daniel build a new school for his hometown. I believe you‘ll make your dream_______if you go ahead. A come true B to come true C comes true D coming true （ ）11. My mother often teaches me to be kind to and old.

A. the poor

B. poor

C. the poors

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（ ）12 I have no time now. Can you_______an e-mail to me later? A send B take C give D get

（ ）13-I‘m sorry I can‘t go shopping with you. I have to get ready for supper. -_______I‘ll go there alone.

A Never mind B It‘s a pleasure C My pleasure D OK

（ ）14. The meat is too big. Let‘s cut .A. them up B. it uC. up it （ ）15It takes Maria about half an hour_____English every day. A to read B read C reading D reads

（ 16 Daniel is now______university student in China.A a B anC the D/ （ ） 17.. --- Would you like me to help you with the heavy box? --- ___. A.You‘re welcome B. Sorry, I can‘t C. Of course. It‘s very kind of you. （ ） 18. This maths problem is ___ and I can do it ___. A. easy, easily B. easy, easy C. easily, easily

（ ）19 Would you like to tell me_____about your new school? A something B anything C nothing D everything

（ ）20.It‘s a good habit ___ breakfast every day. A. hadB. haveC. to have 四 情景对话。（10分）

根据汉语提示及首字母提示，完成对话中所缺的单词。 A: Do you like (1)c________?

B: No, I don‘t. But I (2)h________to cook this evening. A: (3)W______do you have to cook this evening?

B: Because my mother is going out on business. I‘ll have to cook by myself. B:Mymother does.She cancook(5)v___(6)w__.The food she cooksis dilcious.

A: Can your (7f_______cook?

B: No, he can‘t. My father doesn‘t like cooking at all. A: (8)W______will you cook this evening? B: I‘ll cook noodles.

A: Enjoy your (9)n_________.

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B: (10)T_________. 五 完形填空。（10分）

An important question about 1 is who pays for the meal. If a friend of yours asks you 2 lunch with him, you may say something like this, ―3 it‘ll have to be someplace cheap, as I have very 4 money.‖ The other person may say, ―OK, I‘ll meet you at McDonald‘s(麦当劳)‖ This means that the two 5 go Dutch(各自付帐), that is , each person 6 himself. He may also say, ― Oh, no. I want to take you to lunch at Smith‘s, or ― I want you to try the Chinese dumplings there. They‘re great.‖ This means the person wants to pay for both of you. If you feel friendly to this person, you can go with him and you 7 pay for the meal. You may just say, ―Thank you. That would be very nice.‖ American customs about who pays for a date(约会) are much the same 8 in other parts of the world. Today, a university girl or a woman in business world will usually payf for herself 9 a date.

It is an 10 thing to make the question clear at the beginning. ( )1 A eat out B to eat out C eating out D ate out ( )2 A to have B to cook C to buy D to sell

( )3 A I afraid B I‘m afraid C I‘m hope D I‘m not afraid ( )4 A few B many C a lot of D little ( )5 A agree B disagree C keep D agree to ( )6 A takes B spends C pays for D cost

( )7 A can‘t B meedn‘t C may not D mustn‘t ( )8 A for B as C from D with ( )9 A during B on C in D at

( )10 A impolite B sad C healthy D important

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六、 根据汉语补全句子(10分,每空1分)。

1.在日本有响声地喝汤和吃完所有的米饭是礼貌的。

It‘s polite to soup noisily and finish the rice in Japan.

2.在法国就餐时吸烟是不礼貌的。

It‘s impolite during a meal in France. 3.学好英语对我们来说很重要。

It‘s important to learn English well . 4.请你们随便喝点汤。

Please to some soup. 5. 你最喜爱的快餐是什么？

What‘s your ? 一 A：：1 gentleman 2 effort 3 menu 4 realize 5 sale二：1 supplies 2 to ask 3 trying 4 regularly 5 selling三：1—5 BCACC 6—10 CDBBA 11—15AAABA 16—20 ACAAC

四：1 cooking 2 have 3 Why 4 Who 5 very 6 well 7 father 8 What

9 noodles 10 Thanks五：1-5 ABACD 6-10 ABCAD七、1. eat /have all 2. to smoke 3. for us 4. help yourselves 5. favorite snack

附加：状语从句

1 时间状语从句：在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。

时间状语的连接词：when(当„时候) while(当„时候) as(当„时候) after(在„以后) before(在„以前) as soon as(一„就) since(自从„到现在) till /until(直到„才) by the time(到„为止)依旧是连接词后加陈述语序。

举例：when当„的时候(一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。)

Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. 2 原因状语从句：在一个句子中作原因语的句子。

连接词：由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for, now that 等词引导

举例：I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill. because引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后， because表示直接原因， 语气最强， 最适合回答 why引导的疑问句。例如： I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。

注意： “not ... because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句， 例如： The country is not strong because it is large. 国强不在大。 3. since引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之前表示已知的、 显然的理由

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(通常被翻译成“既然”)， 较为正式， 语气比because弱。例如： Since you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics. 既然今天你休息， 你最好帮我补习数学。

注意： seeing (that)， now (that)， considering (that)， in that这几个 词汇与since引导的原因状语从句意思相近， 都表示“既然”。例如： Seeing (that) he refused to help us, there’s no reason that we should now help him. 他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们， 我们现在没有理由要来帮助他。

3. as 引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”， 语气比since弱， 较为正式， 位置较为灵活(常放于主句之前)。例如： As it is raining, you’d better take a taxi. 既然在下雨， 你最好乘出租汽车。

4. for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因， 只提供一些辅助性的补充说明， for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。例如： He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能见过我， 因为我不在那里。考题解析

[考题1] ____ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. (1999)

A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as[答案] A[解析] 主句与从句之间存在因果关系， 且“you’ve got a chance”表示一个显而易见的原因， 因此应选用表原因的now that。

[考题2] He found it increasingly difficult to read, ____ his eyesight was beginning to fail. (2006北京)A. and B. for C. but D. or[答案] B[解析] “his eyesight was beginning to fail”是“he found it increasingly difficult to read”的原因， 因此本题应选用可以表示原因的连词for引导原因状语从句 。[考题3] A man cannot smile like a child, ____ a child smiles with his eyes, while a man smiles with his lips alone. (2006湖南)so B. but C. and D. for

A[答案] D[解析] 下划线处之后的句子补充说明“a man cannot smile like a child”的原因， 应选用for表原因。 3 条件状语从句

连接词：if如果, unless (=if not) 除非。(让步)

举例：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking. 4 目的、结果状语从句

目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子。 结果状语从句是指在一个句子中充当结果状语的句子 目的状语从句连接词so that, so„that , in order that 引导。

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结果状语从句连接词 so„that, such„that, so much/many„that引导。

举例：so„that 如此„以至于

The scientist’s report was so instructive that we were all very excited. 5 让步状语从句

让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子 连接词： though, although.，whether„or not 举例：Although he is rich, yet he is not happy. 状语从句分类

1． 时间状语从句

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when

I didn‘t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.

The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment when they saw the guard.

No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain. Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. 2． 地点状语从句 常用引导词：where

特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. Wherever you go, you should work hard. 3． 原因状语从句

常用引导词：because, since, as, since

特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that,

considering that,

My friends dislike me because I‘m handsome and successful. Now that everybody has come, let‘s begin our conference.

The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.

Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.

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4． 目的状语从句

常用引导词：so that, in order that

特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.

The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.

5． 结果状语从句

常用引导词：so … that, so… that, such … that,

特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, He got up so early that he caught the first bus. It‘s such a good chance that we must not miss it.

To such an degree was he excited that he couldn‘t sleep last night. 6． 条件状语从句

常用引导词：if, unless,

特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that

We‘ll start our project if the president agrees.

You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.

Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here. 7． 让步状语从句

常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever

Much as I respect him, I can‘t agree to his proposal. 尽管我很尊敬他， 我却不同意他的建议。

状语从句练习 单项选择

1. John shut everybody out of the kitchen ______he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.

A. which B. when C. so that D. as if 2. I would appreciate it ________you call back this afternoon for the doctor‘s

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appointment.

A. until B. if C. when D. that 3. As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，________.

A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life 4.After the war，a new school building was put up ________there had once been a theatre.

A. that B. where C. which D. when 5. —Is Mr. Smith in the office?

—Yes，________ he is in charge of the office，he must be there.

A. since B. however C. whether D. for 6. As your good friend, I will do ________help you.

A. that I can to B. what I can to C. all that I can D. what I can 7.John may phone tonight. I don‘t want to go out ________he phones. A. as long as B. in order to C. in case D. so that

8.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up ________I could answer the phone.

A. as B. since C. until D. before 9. —Don‘t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages. —Oh, yes. ________others are weak, he is strong. A. If B. When C. Where D. Though 10.It is ten years ________he smoked.

A. that B. when C. since D. while 11.We must hurry up ________catch up with the last train. A. that B. so that to C. in order that D. in order to 12.No matter ________hard it may be，I will carry it out.

A. what B. whatever C. how D. however

13.________ you may do，you must do it well.

A. Which B. Whenever C. Whatever D. When 14. —Are you thinking about going to New York for the holiday? —No. But if I ________the time，I would definitely go.

A. have B. had C. have had D. would have 15.________ you are so weak，you‘d better stay at home.

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A. Since B. For C. Because D. Though

16. English and French are taught here. You can choose ________you like. A. no matter which B. whichever C. which D. whatever

17.I saw Mr. Smith last Sunday. We had not seen each other ________I left London.

A. as B. before C. since D. till 18.I‘ll be back before you ________.

A. will leave B. will have left C. leave D. would leave 19.The problem won‘t be settled until we ________a chance to discuss it thoroughly.

A. have had B. will have C. will have had D. would have 20.If you ________this experiment，you will understand the theory better. A. will be doing B. have done C. will have done D. would do 21.They went on working ________it was late at night. A. even if B. as if C. however D. as though 22.I hurried ________I wouldn‘t be late for class.

A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 23.The volleyball match will be put off if it ________.

A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining

24.________ you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others.

A. At times B. Some time C. By the time D. Every time

25.Although he is considered a great writer，________.

A. however his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read

C. his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read 26.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ________.

A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrives D. is arriving 27.We should finish the important job，________.

A. long it takes however B. it takes however long

C. long however it takes D. however long it takes 28.________he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How

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29.________comes to the party will receive a gift.

A. Which B. Who C. Which one D. Whoever 30.She is willing to help you, ________busy she is.

A. what B. how C. however D. whatever

31.I don’t care whether he stays ________goes.

A. nor B. then C. or D. otherwise

32.No matter ________hard it may be，I’ll carry it out.

A. what B. whatever C. how D. however 33.Why do you want to find a new job ________you’ve got such a good one already?

A. that B. where C. which D. when 34.________he is, he will be thinking of you.

A. Wherever B. Where C. Now that D. As soon as

35.You should make it a rule to leave things ________you can find them again.

A. when B. where C. then D. there 36.He got excited at the news，________ I was calm.

A. when B. while C. because D. after 37.—Shall Brown come and play computer games?

—No，________ he has finished his homework.

A. when B. if C. unless D. once 38.________ you try，you will never succeed.

A. If B. Until C. Since D. Unless 39.Hardly had he arrived in Hongkong ________she rang me up. A. when B. than C. that D. and

40.________ they heard the shout for help，they rushed out.

A. Immediately B. The moment C. The while D. All the above 41.________，he never seems able to do the work beautifully. A. Try as he does B. as he tries C. Try as does he D. As he does try

42.—The air is full of smoke and people are coughing.

—It will get worse ________the government does something about the

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pollution.

A. but B. unless C. except D. if

43.If ________，I would have gone with him.

A. had he told me B. he had told me C. he has told me D. he would tell me

44.—Alice is moving to her new apartment next Saturday. —I’ll be glad to help her，________ need some help.

A. should she B. if she will C. if she D. if she might 45.I came ________I heard the news.

A. until B. as soon as C. immediately D.B and C 46.What we have seen________.

A. from what we heard B. all what we heard C. to what we have heard D. from what we have heard 47.We will never give in ________they might do or say about our plan. A. no matter how B. how C. whatever D. although 48.If you go to Xi’an，you will find the places there more magnificent than commonly ________.

A. supposing B. supposed C. to suppose D. suppose 49.________ he comes，we would not be able to go.

A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even

参：

1~5 CBBBA 6~10 BCDCC 11~15 DCCBA 16~20 BCCAB 21~25 ABBDC 26~30 CDADC 31~35 CCDAB ; 36~40 BCDAD 41~45 ABBAD 46~50 DCBB

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