动词根据其后是否带有宾语， 可分为两类， 分别是：及物动词（transitive verb）、 不及物动词（ intransitive verb ），缩写形式分别为 vt. 和 vi.。
英语动词是句子的核心。 它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语法结 构。首先，要分清及物不及物动词。
根据其后是否带宾语， 动词可分为及物动词 （带宾语）和不及物动词（不带宾语）。 如：
When will he arrive 他什么时候到（ arrive 不带宾语，为不及物动词）
He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京。 （reach 带了宾语，为及物动词） 动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况： 主要用作及物动词。 及物动词后面必须跟宾语。
可用于： \"主＋谓＋宾 \"；\"主＋谓＋双宾 \"； \"主＋谓＋宾＋宾补 \"结构。如：
He reached Paris the day before yesterday. They asked me to go fishing with them. 1） 及物动词＋宾语例： I love my home. 我爱我家。
He bought an English dictionary. 他买了一本英语词典。 2） 及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语例： She taught us maths. 她教我们数学。
My mother gave me a new pen. 母亲给了我一支新钢笔。 提示：常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有： give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read, pay, make, offer, build, pass, bring, cook, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell ..........................................
b 主要用作不及物的动词。 不及物动词后面不跟宾语。 只能用与： \"主＋谓 \"结
构。 不及物动词不需要跟宾语，本身意义完整。 例： She came last week. 她上周来的。
It is raining hard. 正下着大雨。
Class began at half past seven. 7 点半开始上课。 What happened yesterday 昨天发生了什么事 This is the room where i once lived.
类似的还有： agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive,
sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed appear get feel,
keep make prove remain restrise seem stand stay turn turn out, wait, cry, smile, laugh, stop, rain, snow
既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。 如 begin 都是作 \" 开 始\"讲。
Everybody, our game begins. let us begin our game.
She can dance and sing她. 能唱歌又能跳舞。（ sing 在此用作不及物动词。） She can sing many English song她s.能唱好多首英文歌曲。（ sing 用作及物动
词。）
The child is playing. 这小孩在玩。（不及物用法）
The child is playing the piano. 这小孩在弹钢琴。（及物用法） He is writing. 他在写字。（不及物用法） He is writing a letter. 他在写信。（及物用法） The boy is reading. 这男孩在阅读。（不及物用法）
The boy is reading a magazine.这 男孩在看杂志。（及物用法）
类似的有： start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt,
improve ...
d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。 这类动词作 不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。 如 lift 作不及物动 词时是指烟雾的 \"消散 \"。
We saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. lift 作及物动词时是 \" 升高；举起 \" 。 He lifted his glass and drank. 类似的还有： beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打 ; grow vi.生长 vt. 种植 play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球） ,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅 ring vi.（电话、铃）响 vt. 打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言） hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作
20 个常见的不及物动词短语 down （stop functioning 坏了，不好使了 ） That old jeep had a tendency to break down just when i needed it the most. on （become popular 出名 ）
Popular songs seem to catch on in California first and then spread eastward. 3. come back （ return to a place 返回 ）
Father promised that we would never come back to this horrible place. 4. come in （ enter 进入 ）
They tried to come in through the back door, but it was locked. to （ regain consciousness恢复意识 ）
He was hit on the head very hard, but after several minutes, he started to come to again.
over （to visit 访问 ）
The children promised to come over, but they never do.
by （visit without appointment 顺便拜访 ） we used to just drop by, but they were never home, so we stopped doing that. out （dine in a restaurant 外出吃饭 ）
When we visited Paris, we loved eating out in the sidewalk cafes. 9. get by （ survive凑合，过得去 ）
Uncle Heine didn't have much money, but he always seemed to get by without borrowing money from relatives. up （ arise起床 ）
Grandmother tried to get up, but the couch was too low, and she couldn't make it on her own.
11. go back （ return to a place 回到 ）
It's hard to imagine that we will never go back to our homeland. on （ continue 继续 ）
He would finish one dickens novel and then just go on to the next. 13. go on （2） （ happen 发生 ）
The cops heard all the noise and stopped to see what was going on. 14. grow up （ get older 变老 ） Charles grew up to be a lot like his father. away （ remain at a distance保持距离 ）
The judge warned the stalker to keep away from his victim's home. 16. keep on （+动名称 ） （ continue with the same 继续保持 ） He tried to keep on singing long after his voice was ruined. 17. pass out （ lose consciousness, fain昏t 过去，晕 ）
He had drunk too much; he passed out on the sidewalk outside the bar.
18. show off （ demonstrate haughtily 炫耀 ） Whenever he sat down at the piano, we knew he was going to show off. 19. show up（ arrive 到达，出现 ） It was ten o'clock when he finally showed up. 20. wake up （arouse from sleep醒来 ） I woke up when the rooster crowed. place 发生
In 1919,the may 4th movement took place in china. out 出版，出来，
Is the new edition of the book coming out true 实现
Your wish will one day come true . 您的愿望总有一天会实现的。 24 run out 用光 ，耗尽
Do your homework before you run out of time
far away 与 far from 区别
far away 用作表语或状语 ,away可以省去 ,因此,far away = far ; far away from = far from
far （ away） 后不接宾语； far （away） from 后一定要接宾语 . The do not live far away. 他们住得并不远．
far from 除了表示距离的 ”远离”之外,还有”远远不,完全不,决非”之意,后接名词 ,动 名词或形容词．
Far from reading his letter,she didn't openit.
别说看他的信了 ,她连信都没打开．
He is far from （being）rich. 他一点也不富有．
至于 away from 与 far from 的区别主要在于 far 与 away 的区别：
far 是表示较笼统、模糊概念的 “远”而, away是表示具体的 “远”如.：very far很远；
quite far 相当远； 500 meters away 500米远； 2 kilometers away 2 公里远 home
is very far from the hospital.
My home is 20 kilometers away from the hospital.
very much,very well,very nice,very good 的区别
very nice=very good,都是表示 “非常好 ! ”用来修饰名词 .例如： The weather is very nice/good.
very much表示“非常, ”是副词短语 ,用来修饰动词和形容词 .例如： Thank you very much.
very well 表示“非常好 ”它,有两个用途： 1.表示人的身体很好 ,是形容词性短语 ,只 限于表示人的身体好 .例如：My mother is very well. 我妈妈身体很好； 2.表示 “很好 地”相,当于一个副词 ,用来修饰动词和形容词 .例如： She plays the piano very well. 她的钢琴弹得很好 .
修饰比较级用 much 或 a little 等
better 是比较级 ,前面可加 much 修饰,表示 “好的多 ” more better 就是比较级重复了 .多了个 more, 因此也没有 much more better
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