Unit 1 Cultural relics
一、重点单词和短语
1、 cultural relics 文化遗产
Many unearthed cultural relics were exhibited at the museum. 博物馆展出了许多出土文物。
By definition the capital is the political and cultural center of a country. 根据定义,首都是一个国家的政治文化中心。 2. rare and valuable 珍贵稀有
It is rare to find such a genius nowadays. 这样的天才现在很少见。 The flaw in this vase makes it less valuable.
这个花瓶因为有点缺陷，不那么值钱了。
He's sailed the seven seas in search of adventure. 他闯荡七大洋去历险.
He went to the south in search for a better future. 他为了寻找更好的前 途到南方
去。
4. in the fancy style 以别致的风格 in … style/ in the style of ……以……风格
These clothes are too fancy for me, I prefer plainer ones.
这些衣服对我来说有些花哨，我还是喜欢素净些的。
5. Popular 受欢迎的
She is popular at school. 她在学校里很受人喜欢。
This dance is popular with young people. 这种舞很受青年人喜爱。 6、belong to 属于
We belong to the same generation. 我们属于同代人。
7、 in search of 寻找、搜寻 in the/one’s search for 寻找，搜寻
search for= look for 搜寻 search ... for 为了找……而搜查…… He's sailed the seven seas in search of adventure. 他闯荡七大洋去历险.
He went to the south in search for a better future.他为了寻找更好的前途到南方去。 8、a troop of 一群
He is surrounded by a troop of friends. 他被一群朋友围住了。 9. become part of… 变成……的一部分
It is part of the way we act. 它是我们行为表现的一部分。
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10. serve as 作为，用作，充当，起作用
The room can serve as a study. 这间房子可作书房用。 11. a small reception hall for important visitors
接待重要来宾的小型会客室。
12. could never have imagined 绝不可能想到 “情态动词+have done”
may/might have done 过去可能做过 表推测 must have done 过去 一定做过
表后悔、 need’t have done 过去本没有必要做（实际上做了） 责备、遗 should/ought to have done 过去本应该做（实际上未做） 憾等语气 shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done 过去本不该做（实际上做了） 1 3. select vt. 挑选，选择；选择
select sb. to do sth. 选择某人做某事 select ... as 挑选……作为…… select ... from 从……中选出……
14. design n. & vt. 设计，图案，构思；计划
make designs for 为……设计 to do 目的是做
in design 在设计上 be designed for 专为……而设计的 by design=on purpose故意地 as 打算当做 My brother designs to be an engineer. 我弟弟立志要当工程师。
This room was originally designed to be my study. 这间屋子原预定做我的书房。 His parents designed him for the army, but he preferred the navy.
他父母打算要他当陆军，但是他却喜欢当海军。
1 5. fancy
adj. 奇异的，异样的；时髦的
vt. 想象，设想；爱好，喜欢 fancy (one’s) doing sth. 想象（某人）做某事 Fancy meeting so many television actors! 居然能见到那么多电视演员！
n. 喜爱，想要 take a fancy to 喜欢上；爱上 16. decorate vt. 装饰；装修，装潢 decorate ... with ...用……装饰……
17. in return (for) (1) 作为（对……的）回报/报答（=in reward for） If you give me your photo, I’ll give you mine in return.
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你若送我一张照片，我便回赠一张给你。 He didn’t expect anything in return for his help. 他帮助人并不期待任何回报。 (2)作为回应
I asked his opinion, but he just asked me a question in return. 我征求他的意见，他却只是反问了我一个问题。 【辨析】in return和in turn 易混词组 辨析 例句 He has given me so much help that I really want to do something for him in return. 他给了我许多帮助，所以真的想为他做些什么作为报答。 表示“作为回报（报in return 答）”；作为回应 Interest rates were cut and, in turn, share prices ①表示“相应地；转而，rose.利率下调，股价就相应地in turn 反之，反过来”②表示上涨了。 “依次，逐个轮流” The kids came out of the room in turn.孩子们依次走出房间。
18. have/get sth. done 本结构可表示两种意义
(1)使某事被做（主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做的，也可能是让别人做）
I must have my homework done before going to bed. 上床睡觉前我必须做完作业。（由自己完成） He had / got his hair cut yesterday. 他昨天理发了。（由别人完成）
We had the machine repaired.
我们请人把机器修好了。
(2) 遭遇/经历某种不幸的事（此事违背主语的意愿）
She had all her jewellery stolen. 她所有的珠宝都被偷了。
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【拓展】
have / let / make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事
have / get sb. doing 让某人一直做某事 19. at war 处于交战状态
“at + n.”表示一种状态或持续的活动：
at peace 处于和平状态 at church在做礼拜
at rest 在休息 at breakfast/lunch/supper在吃早/午/晚饭 at table 在吃饭 at sea在航海 at work 在上班 at school 在上学 【链接】
介词in，under和on都可以与名词连用，表示一种状态或持续的活动，此时名词前一般不加冠词。
in trouble 处于困境（困难）中 on sale 上市，出售
in danger 在危险中 on holiday 在度假，在休假中 under discussion在讨论中 on fire 着火，失火 under repair 在维修中 on duty 值班
20 consider vt.& vi.
考虑;把（某人，某事）看作…，认为（某人，某事）如何;考虑，细想
Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is missing. 可悲的是，尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的一大奇迹之一，可是现在它却消失了。
I am considering going abroad. 我正在考虑出国。 I consider it a great honor. 我认为这是极大的荣幸。
We consider that the driver is not to blame. 我们认为这不是司机的过错。 We consider it (to be ) true.=(We consider that it is true.) 我们认为这是真实的。 21 missing adj. 失去的;下落不明的 a couple of words missing 缺的两三个字 There is a page missing. 缺少一页。
Police are combing the woods for the missing children.
搜遍树林以寻找失踪的孩子.
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22. remove vt.
(1) 移走；移开；移动；搬开
from 从……搬走某物 remove sth. to 把某物搬到…… into/out 把某物搬入/搬出
remove some furture and small art objects 把一些家具和小件艺术品搬走 (2) 除掉；清除（=get rid of）
You’d better perform well to remove his doubt. 你最好好好表现来打消他的疑虑。
He removed the mud from his shoes. 他去掉鞋上的泥。 (3) 脱下（衣服等）（=take off）；摘下
I recognized him after he removed his dark glasses. (4) 把……免职；开除
remove sb. from 某人被免……职 23. less than 少于，小于（某一数目或数量） 短语 less than not less than no less than more than not more than no more than 易混词组 no less than not less than 符号 ﹤ ≥ ＝ ﹥ ≤ ＝ 辨析 少于 不少于，至于 和……一样，多达（强调多） 多于；不仅仅 不多于，不超过，至多 仅仅（强调少） 例句 意义 【辨析】no less than与not less than “多达”（强调数量之He has no less than 1 million 多，相当于as much as） dollars. 他的钱多达100万美元。 “至少”（强调下限，He has not less than 1,000 相当于at least） dollars. 他至少有1000美元。 24 doubt n. & v. (1) n. 怀疑，疑惑
There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问…… There is no doubt about/of ...
There is (some) doubt whether ... 对……持有疑问
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【拓展】 in doubt 不肯定；没把握
without / no /beyond doubt 无疑地；确实
There is no doubt that she will keep her word. 毫无疑问她会遵守诺言的. He is without doubt the cleverest student I've ever taught.
他确实是我所教过的学生中最聪明的.
There is no doubt that Taiwan belongs to China. 这是毫无疑问的,属于中国 There is no doubt that she is capable of the job. 她能胜任这个工作,这是毫无疑问的 (2) v. 怀疑；不相信
doubt whether / if .. 怀疑是否…… I don’t doubt that ... 我确信……
25. worth prep. & n. 值得的；相当于……的价值的 be worth doing 值得做 be worth + 钱数 值……钱 be worth + n. 值得…… 【辨析】worth, worthy与worthwhile 易混词 worth 搭配 be worth + n. /doing 例句 cosideration. The matter is worth cosidering. Of being considered. The matter is worthy to be considered. of being done consideration. worthy be worthy to be done of sth. to consider worthwhile It’s worthwhile to do/ It is worthwhile the matter. doing sth. considering 【注意】①worth后接动名词时，用主动形式表示被动含义。 ②worth不能用very修饰，但可以用well修饰。 ③除作表语外，worth还可作后置定语。
West Lake is a place worth seeing. 西湖是个值得一看的地方。 26. evidence n. 证据，根据；证明
There is evidence that ... 有证据表明……
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27. rather than (1) 而不是
I decided to write rather than telephone. 我决定写信而不是打电话。 Tom rather than Jack is to blame. 该受责备的是
而不愿闲坐着。
We aim at quality rather than quantity. 我们的目的是重质不重量。 (2) 与其……倒不如……；宁愿……而不愿……
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，倒不如说他是一个探险者。 Rather than cause trouble, he left. 他不愿意惹麻烦，宁可离去。
【拓展】 1、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事也不愿做某事
2、would rather do sth. than do sth. / would do sth. rather than do sth.
宁愿做某事也不愿做某事
3、or rather 更确切地说 【注意】
①rather than有时相当于介词，有时起连词作用，其连接的两个成分的词性应该一致。
②rather than连接两个不定式时，后一个常省略to，但rather than位于句首时，常跟不带to的不定式。
③rather than连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致，相同用法的还有：as well as，together with，with，besides等。
28. think highly of 高度评价，认为……不错；器重；看重 I think highly of those who are searching for the Ambe Room. 我认为那些在找寻琥珀屋的人们很了不起。 【拓展】
think much/well of 器重/看重/赞赏
think ill/poorly/badly/little of 认为……不好 think nothing of 轻视；认为……无所谓 speak highly of 高度评价/赞扬 speak well/ill of 说……的好/坏话 29、debate n. & v. (1) n. 辩论；争论；讨论
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under debate 在辩论/讨论中
a heated/lively debate 一场激烈的争论 beyond/without debate 无可争论 (2) v. (尤指正式)讨论，辩论
sth. with sb. 同某人辩论/讨论某事 debate wh- to do sth. 讨论……做某事 on sth. 讨论某事 【辨析】debate与argue
①debate 侧重“双方各抒己见”，内含“交锋”的意思。 ②argue侧重“说理”、“论证”和“企图说服”。
常用结构：argue sb. Into / out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事。 30、Remain
After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。 it remains to be seen 尚待分晓
The fact remains to be proved. 事实尚待证明
remain in 呆在家里 remain out呆在外面, 留在户外 These matters remain in doubt. 这些事情仍然值得怀疑
He's determined to remain loyal to the team whatever comes his way.
他决心不管发生什么事都忠于球队。
Peter became a judge but John remained a fisherman.
彼得当了法官，但约翰仍然是个渔民。
31、take apart 拆卸，拆开
The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and receiving it. 那位老人看见一些德国人把琥珀屋拆开搬走了。 Take apart the pieces before putting the toys away.
玩具拿开前先将它拆成一件件的。
32、do with 处理，忍受，对付
I can't do with his insolence. 我忍受不了他那傲慢无礼的态度 What do they do with the coin? 他们是怎样处理这枚硬币的? 33、take notes of 记录，把……记下来
Please take notes of the important while you read.
请边读边把重要的事情记下来。
34、provide
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Read the information（ that is provided for the visitors.）
阅读一下为参观者提供的信息。
They provide us with food. 他们供给我们食物。
We provided food for the hungry children. 我们为饥饿的孩子们提供食物。 It's wise to save some money and provide for the future.
\"积蓄点钱,为将来使用作些准备是明智的。\"
He has a wife and seven children to provide for. 他需要赡养妻子和七个孩子。 35、for fun 为了消遣，为了开心
He plays the violin just for fun. 他拉小提琴只是为了自娱自乐。
重点句子
1. Frederick WilliamⅠ, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王腓特烈▪威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
2. However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.
然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈▪威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。 3. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.
作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。
4. Later, Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.
后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。 5. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. 1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。
6. In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes. 在不到两天的时间里，10万个部件被装进了27个木箱。
7. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for KÖnigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海海边的一个城市。
8. In groups discuss: Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing?
分组讨论：重建遗失的文化遗产，如琥珀屋或北京的圆明园是值得的吗？
9. An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. 看法是人们相信是真实的，但是未经证实。
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10. I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room. 我很欣赏那些寻找琥珀屋的人。
11. Nor do I think they should give it to any government. 我也认为他们不应该把它交给任何。
1）. It is his job to look into any reports of cultural relics that have been found in China.（it做形式主语）.
他的工作是调查研究所有关于在中国发现的文物的报告。
2）. A cultural relic is something that has survived for a long time, often a part of something old that has remained when the rest of it has been destroyed. 文化遗迹是一些存留很长时间的东西，常常是其它部分已被毁掉而其中
一部分得以保存的古老的东西。
11. The man who has the rare Ming Dynasty vase insists that it belongs to his family. 拥有这个稀有珍贵的明朝花瓶的人坚持说它属于他的家族。 12 Once (it is) heated, the amber can be made into any shape.
一旦加热，琥珀可以被制成任何形状。
13. The design of the room was of the fancy style popular in those days.
琥珀屋的设计具有当时那个年代最为流行的奇特风格。
14. The judge does not consider how each eyewitness looks or where that person lives or works.
法官不考虑每一位目击者相貌如何以及他们在哪儿住或在哪儿工作。
15. After leaving the army, Mr Brown came to China in search of a job.
退役之后，布朗先生来到中国，想找份工作。
16. He mentioned the names of a few judges whom he did not think highly of. 他提到了几位法官的名字，他对他们的评价不高。
17. There is no doubt that the search for those lost cultural relics will continue. 毫无疑问，搜寻那些丢失的文物的工作将会继续下去。
18. He remained a prisoner for the rest of his life. 他的余生是在监狱里度过的。 19. I could have lent him the money but he didn’t tell me he needed it.
我本可以借给他钱，可他没有告诉我他需要钱。
20. He is not honest. Besides, what he says doesn’t agree with what he does.
他不诚实，而且言行不一致。
21. It has been proved that pride goes before a fall.
事实证明骄必败。
22. What he had reasoned about the theory proved (to be) true. 10 / 41
他对该原理的推理证明是正确的。
23．In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe. 在审讯中，法官必须确定哪些目击者可信哪些不可信。 24. It will not only give you a chance of practising your English but also of developing an interest in local history at the same time. 它不仅给你了练习英语的机会而且在同时也给你了培养对当地历史感兴趣的机会。
Unit 2 The Olympic Games
重点单词和短语
1．the official mascots for the Beijing Olympics 北京奥运会吉祥物 2. the ancient Olympic Games 古代奥运会 3 . compete vi. 比赛；竞争 compete in 参加……比赛
compete with/against 与……竞争 compete for 为……而竞争
compete in …compete with other countries for world market 与其它国家竞争国际市场 compete in a race 参加赛跑
compete with [against] sb. for sth. 与某人竞争而获得某物
Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just for the honour of winning. 我们希腊各个城市之间曾经为了荣誉而彼此之间相互竞争。 4. stand for (1)代表；象征；（指缩写或符号）是……的意思；表示
(2)容忍，忍受（用于否定句中） (3)支持，主张
What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?
奥运旗帜上的五环代表什么？
What does \"ESL\" stand for? \"ESL\"代表什么?
I won't stand for his insults any longer. 我再不能容忍他的污辱了。 【链接】
stand (doing) sth. 忍受（做）某事 stand by 袖手旁观，站在……一边 stand out 显眼，引人注目
stand up for 为……而站起来，支持，维护
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stand on one’s own feet 自立
5. come on a magical journey 做梦幻之游 come on (表劝说，鼓励等)来吧，走吧；开始
His French has come on a lot since he joined the conversation class. 他自从参加了会话班，法语取得了很大进步。 6. volunteer
(1) n. 志愿者；志愿兵 (2) vt. & vi. 自愿（做）
volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
volunteer for sth.
Don't volunteer for more than you can handle. 别做力不能及的事情。 I want to be a volunteer for 2008 Beijing Olympics. 我想成为2008年北京奥运会的志愿者。 7. on a regular basis 有规律地；定期地
He comes to visit us on a regular basis. 他定期来看望我们。 【辨析】regular, normal与ordinary 易混词 辨析 例句 “定期的，规则的”，指已有模You’d better take regular regular 式有定律的或定期的 exercise. 你最好定期做运动。 “正常，标准的”，指不超过某The doctor said the child’s normal 种限度、符合某种标准或常规。temperature was normal. return to normal恢复正常 医生说孩子的体温正常。 “普通的，平常的”，强调一般He preferred to be treated ordinar性和普通性，含不突出的意味。as an ordinary worker. y Ordinary people普通人 他宁愿被当成普通工人看待。 8. on the basis of 以……为基础 9. admit (1) 允许进入；让……进入
admit sb. To/into 允许某人进入……；吸引某人为……的成员 be admitted as 作为……被接受（后接表示成员的名词）
I am sure that he will be admitted to Beijing University this summer.
我肯定他今年夏天将被北京大学录取。
Only atheletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be 12 / 41
admitted as competitors. 只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参见奥运会。
(2) 容纳（相当于hold, seat） (3) 承认；供认
admit (to) sth. 承认某事
admit (to) doing sth. 承认做过某事 admit +that-clause 承认……
admit ... To be + adj./n. 承认……是……
admit of 容许，有…的可能;
This ticket admits two people to the football match. 这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。 The cinema admits about 2000 people. 这座电影院大约可坐 2000 人。 The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation.
这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。
His illness admits of no delay. 他的病不容拖延。
John has admitted breaking the window. 约翰已承认打碎了窗子。 10. responsibility n. 责任，职责 a sense of responsibility 责任感 take responsibility for 对……负责任 take on the responsibility 承担责任 claim responsibility for 声称对……负责
11. as much +不可数名词+as 和……（程度上）是一样的
It is as much your responsibily as mine. 这件事你和我一样都有责任。 【拓展】
1. as much +不可数名词/a(n) +可数名词单数+as ...
“和……（程度上）是一样的（much表程度）”
It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as a science.
一般认为，教学既是一门艺术，也是一门科学。
(2) 否定式：not as/so much ... as 与其说是……不如说是…… He is not as much an actor as a TV host.
与其说他是演员，不如说他是电视节目主持人。 8. replace vt. 代替，取代；替换
replace ... with/by 以……代替/替换……
take the place of = take one’s place 替代，取代
So even the olive wreath has been replaced. 就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了。
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David will replace Mike in next week’s tennis competition.
大卫将代替迈克参加下周的网球赛。
The broken parts of the machine must be replaced, otherwise we can’t continue our work. 这些损害的机器部件必须得换，否则我们无法继续工作。 I have owned my car for almost ten years. This year I’ll replace it with a new one. 我的汽车用了差不多十年了，今年我要换一辆新车。 Would you replace the magazine after reading it?
读完杂志后把它放回原处好么？
【注意】 take the place of, in place of, instead of均可表示“代替”，但take
the place of为动词短语，而in place of与instead of为介词短语。 9. charge
(1) n. 主管；费用
take charge of 负责，接管 in charge of 主管，掌管
in the charge of=in one’s charge 被掌管，由……负责 charge for …… 的收费 free of charge 免费
(2) vt. 收费，要价；指控，控告；起诉；指责，谴责
charge sb. some money for sth. 因某事而向某人收……钱 charge sb. with (doing) sth. 指控（控告、指责）某人（做了）某事 These books were left in your charge. 这些书由你管理。
The chief engineer was in charge of directing the building of the subway.
主任工程师负责指挥地铁的建造工程。
I was in charge of my sister. 我在照看我妹妹。
This ward is in [under]the charge of Dr Green. 这间病房是由格林大夫负责的。 How much did he charge you for repairing the bicycle? 他修理自行车收了你多少钱?
Do you charge for the use of the office telephone at off-duty time? 下班时间
打办公电话你们收不收费?
The boy charged into the room. 男孩冲进屋里。
Suddenly the wild animal charged at us. 突然那头野兽朝我们冲过来。 Those young men were charged by the police with causing a disturbance in the neighbourhood. 指控那些青年人在这一带犯了扰乱治安罪。 She charged me to look after her daughter. 她要我负责看管她的女儿。
10. advertise v. 为……做广告；登广告 advertise for 为征求……登广告
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advertisement n. 广告
11. gargain n. & vi. (1) n. 协议；交易
make a bargain with sb. About sth. 与某人就某事达成协议 (2) n. 便宜货
a good/bad bargain 交易合算/不合算 a real bargain 真便宜；便宜货 (3) vi. (与某人就某事)讨价还价，讲条件
Bargain with sb. Over/about/for sth. 就某物与某人讨价还价 12. pick up
(1) 捡起；拾起
He picked up his hat and went away. 他拾起帽子，走开了。 (2) 学会，获得（尤指偶然或无意中）
She picked up French when she was in Paris. 在巴黎时，她学会了法语。
(3) (用车)去接
The bus stopped to pick up the passengers. 公共汽车停下来搭载乘客。 (4) 恢复（健康、精神）；好转
A bite of something might pick you up. 吃一点东西也许能使你振作起来。 Business will pick up before summer. 夏天来到之前，生意将会好转。 (5) 接收
I picked up Radip Beijing last night. 昨晚我收听到了北京广播电台。 (6) 使增加；加快
The car is picking up speed. 汽车加速了。 13. one after another 一个接一个地；陆续地 【辨析】one after another与one by one 易混词组 one after another 辨析 例句 The guests came out one after 一个接一个地（强another. 客人们一个接一个地来了。 调连续性） Difficulties arise one after another.困难相继出现. 一个一个地（强调Do these exercises one by one. one by one 一次一个） 一道一道地做这些练习题。 14. deserve v.（不用于进行时态）值得；应得；应受（报答或惩罚） to do 值得做……，应该做…… deserve
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doing/to be done 值得被做……
deserve attention [sympathy] 值得注意[同情] deserve to be rewarded [punished] 该奖[罚]
If you do wrong, you deserve punishment. 你如做错事, 应当受罚。
15 . take part in 参加
We all had to take part in the training run, with nobody excepted. 我们大家都得参加跑步训练, 无人例外.
16. used to 过去常常做某事（现在不做了）
be used to doing 指：习惯于做某事例 be used to do 指：被用于,主语往往是物
I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and used to write about the
Olympics a long time ago 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”，我曾经写过很久
以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。
We used to keep in touch with each other by writing letters.
我们过去常写信联系对方。
I am used to reading stories to my daughter every night and she enjoys it.
我习惯了每天给女儿讲故事，她也非常喜欢这样做。
Wood can be used to make furniture. 木头能用来做家具。
There used to be a temple at the place where our school stands now.
在我们学校所在之处过去有一座庙。 17. as well 也；又；同样
as well as (除...之外)也,既...又 conj. 以及,又
I write my own songs and I play the guitar as well. 我唱自己谱曲的歌，也弹吉他。 A teacher should entertain as well as teach. 教师不仅要教书，也要激起学生的兴趣。
18. put forward 呈上；提出；提前；拨快(钟表) Put forward your ideas and give reasons for your choice.
提出你的观点并给出你选择的原因。
Two advices of design are put forward. (被动语态)
提出了两点设计建议。 19、reason
reason with sb. for [against] sth. 因赞成[反对]...同某人讲道理[辩论] The reason for this is that this plane is also a bicycle.
其原因是,这架飞机又是一辆自行车。
reason sb. out of his prejudice 说服某人消除成见 reason sb. into accepting a proposal说服某人接受建议 20. apart from
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Apart from playing at school I go to sports school every weekend. 除了在学校踢球之外，我每周末都去体校。
She keeps herself apart from (she does not mix with) other people. 她与别人保持距离（不与别人混在一起）.
It's a good piece of work, apart from a few slight faults.
除了一些小缺点之外，这不失为一件漂亮的工作。
21. rise to one’s feet 站起来，立起。
22. take responsibility for…对……负有责任，负起对……的责任 23. If you are discovered, you will be fined. 如果被发现，你将被罚款。 He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.
他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。
24. win glory for sb. 为某人赢得荣誉
We must try to win glory for our school ! 我们必须设法为母校争光。 25. make a bargain with sb. 与某人成交 26. promise to do sth. 答应做某事
He has promised to behave better henceforth. 他答应从今以后要表现得好些。 She promised her brother that she would write to him. 她答应弟弟将给他写信。 This year promises to be another good one for harvests. 今年看来又是个丰收年。 Remember to carry out your promise . 记住要履行诺言。
He broke his promise and did not come to see me. 他不遵守诺言，没来看我。 The news brings little promise of peace. 这消息使和平无望。
重点句子 1. Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. 只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。
2. There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals. 国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运会奖牌一样激烈。
3. It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports. （强调句）
跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。
4、Fuwa，the Official Mascots of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, carry a message of friendship ,peace and good wishes from China to children all over the world. 福娃是北京2008年第29届奥运会吉祥物，它们向世界的孩子们传
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达友谊、和平和良好的祝福。
5. No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women.
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加。
13. Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics…妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用。 14. She was in front in her race when another competitor pushed her on purpose so that she fell down. 她在比赛中跑在前面，突然另外一个运动员故意推了她一下，结果她摔倒了。
Unit 3 Computers
重点单词和短语
1. It took + 一段时间 + before +从句 过了一段时间后才……
…it nearly took two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine… 差不多到了200年之后我才被做成分析机 【拓展】
It will (not) be + 时间段 + before + 从句（现在时） 要过一段时间后才……（用不了一段时间就……）
It was (not) be + 时间段 + before + 从句（过去时） 过了一段时间后才……（每过一段时间就……）
It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.
还有半年你才从这所学校毕业。
It was a long time before I understood what he did. 很长一段时间后我才理解他所做的事情。 2. solve vt. 解决；解答 【辨析】solve与settle 易混词 辨析 例子 “解决”，侧重给 a mystery/puzzle/problem解决字迷问题 solve 出问题的答案 solve difficulties 解决困难 “解决”，其对象 a matter/quarrel 解决事情/争吵 settle 通常是某种争端 settle an argument/issue解决争论/问题 【单词积累】
solution n. 解决，解答 solution to the problem
3. reality n. [U] 现实；真实； [C] 事实；实际经历；见过的事物
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face/accept reality 面对/接受现实 out of touch with reality 脱离现实 with reality 真实地；逼真地 in reality 实际上
bring ... Back to reality 使……面对现实，不再抱有幻想 become a reality 变成现实
4. go by （ 时间）逝去，过去；走过，经过；（机会等）轻易错过 5. as a result 因此，结果
result from 由……引起；起因于 result in 导致，造成 6. application n. 应用；用途；申请；请求
make an application (to sb.) for (向某人)申请…… an application form 申请表 【拓展】 Apply v. 应用；申请 apply ... to ... 把……应用到…… apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于
apply for 申请 apply to ... for ... 向……申请…… 7. anyhow adv. （1）（转换话题、结束谈话或回到原话题时说）无论如何，反正 Anyhow I don’t like it. 反正我喜欢它。 （2）而且，加之，反正
I don’t want to go out and anyhow it is raining.
我不想出去，而且天又在下雨。
（3）尽管，即使这样
I am afraid we can’t come, but thanks for the invitation anyhow. 恐怕我们来不了，不过还是感谢邀请。 【注意】
anyhow作“无论如何；而且；即使如此”讲时，可与anyway互换；somehow表示“以某种方式；不知怎么地” 8. goal n.
（1）目标；目的
set a goal 设定目标 achieve / realize / attain / reach a goal 实现目标 （2）进球；得分；球门
score a goal 得分（踢进一球） keep goal守球门 9. of high quality 高质量的
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“of + 修饰词（如high, great, little, some, no等）+抽象名词”结构除了用作定语，还常用作表语，相当于形容词的作用。如： be of great value = be very valuable be of great use = be very useful
be of great interest = be very interesting
10. give away 捐赠，赠送；分发，颁发；泄露，暴露 11. in a way = in one/some way在某种程度上 【链接】
in the way/in one’s way 挡道，碍事 in this/that way 以这种/那种方式 in any way 在任何方面 by way of 经由……
in no way 绝不，一点儿也不（置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装） 12. arise vi. (arose, arisen) 出现；发生，产生；引起；产生 arise from = result from 因……产生 【辨析】arise, rise与raise 易混词 arise 词性 vi. 过去式、过去分词 arose, arisen 词义 例句 Most accidents arose from 产生，发生；carelessness. 大部分事故是由疏忽出现 大意引起的。 rise vi. The sun rises in the east and rose, risen 升起来，上升 sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。 raised, raised She raised her head and 举起，使……stared at them. 她抬起头盯着他们上升 看。 raise vt. 13. make up (1) 组成，构成（常与of连用，并用被动形式） Eleven players make up a football team. (= A football team is made up of eleven players.) 11名运动员组成一个足球队。 (2) 编造，虚构
I think they’re making up the whole thing.
我认为整件事情是他们编出来的。
(3) 化妆，打扮
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She spent two hours making herself up before the party. 她在参加聚会前用了两个小时化妆。 (4) 弥补（常与for连用）
Hard work can make up for the lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。 13. after all
(1) 终究；归根结底（表示结果与预想的不同；常置于句尾） I’m so sorry and I can’t go with you after all.
对不起，我终究还是不能和你一起去。
(2) 毕竟，别忘了(解释或说明理由，常置于句首)
It’s not surprising the boy has got a stomachache. After all, he has eaten too much. 那个男孩胃痛并不令人惊讶，别忘了，他吃得太多了。 14. watch over 看管，照顾；看守，监视，守卫，保护 【链接】 “照顾”的多种表达
take care of look after care for attend to see to In pairs discuss what they have in common. 两人一组讨论一下他们有哪些共同之处。 15.in common 共同的
We have very much /a lot / nothing / little / something in common.
我们有很多/没有/几乎没有/有一些相似之处。
You know, Mary, you and I have one thing in common.
玛丽，你知道，我俩有一个共同点。
16. in order 按照顺序; 挨次整齐; 整洁恰当, 正确; 符合程序
out of order次序紊乱(机器等)失灵; 出故障有病；违反议事规则 Can you put them in an order according to the time when they appared?
你能按照他们现世的时间顺序把他们排列成序么？
17. Over time I have been changed quite a lot. 经过一段时间我变化了很多。 18. as a calculating machine 作为一台计算机器 calculate on: depend on 指望
We are calculating on fine weather for the sports meeting.
我们指望着运动会有好天气。
19、the start of “artificial intelligence” 人工智能的开始 20. way
…but in reality he has a long way to go. 但事实上他任重而道远。 In a way our programmer is like our coach.
从某种程度上说，我们的程序就像是我们的教练。
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I fell on the way to school. 我在上学的路上跌倒了。
In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. 循着这一线索,他解答了这个奥秘。 Some like the older ways of doing things. 有些女性喜欢处理事务的老办法。 By the way, what happened to the money? 顺便问一句，那笔钱后来怎么样了？ by way of London 途经伦敦
In a way, you're right. 从某一点上看你是对的
in the way 挡住路, 妨碍, 多余的 lose one's way 迷路, 迷失方向; 误入歧途 21. be crazy about…非常喜爱，醉心于
She's crazy about dancing. 她热衷于跳舞。 22. do research into … 进行…的研究 23. come true 实现，达到
24. consist of 由……组成 （be made up of） consist in 存在于…中，以…为主要部分; 在内;
consist with 与…一致；符合
His job consists of helping old people who live alone. 他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。
The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity. 这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。 Theory should consist with practice. 理论应与实践相一致。
25. get together 聚会 About once a year we are allowed to get together 每年大约一次我们可以获准聚在一起……
26. have a good shot for a goal. 好好地射一个球 27. deal with 处理，对付；论述，涉及
How do we deal with feelings? 如何处理情感和感受？ do with 利用, 忍受, 需要, 乐意做
What do they do with the coin? 他们是怎样处理这枚硬币的? 28. watch over 看守，照管，监视
I am his best friend, and I will always watch over him.
我是他的好朋友。我将永远照看他。
31. make full use of… 充分利用……
make use of 利用，使用 of use 有用
out of use 不再使用了 use up 用完，用光 32. what’s more 更重要的是，而且，另外
What's more, it was snowing outside. 此外，外面下雪。 重点句子
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1. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.
我发育缓慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯巴比奇才将我制成了一台分析机。 2. As time went by, I was made smaller. 随着时间的推移，我被弄得越来越小。 3. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 从20世纪70年代起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途。
4. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. 不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。
5. The company has given its computers away to a local school. 该公司向当地一所学校捐赠了电脑。
6. She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games. 她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们的程序。 7. In this way I can make up new moves using my “artificial intelligence”. 这样，我就可以用我的“人工智能”编制出新的动作。
8. It should also watch over my naughty niece, who comes to my house
very often. 它也应该看护我那淘气的外甥女，她经常到我家来。 9. From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.
从那时起，我在体积和脑容量方面迅速成长。
10. As time went by, I was made smaller. 随着时间的推移，我被弄得越来越小。 11. As a result I totally changed my shape. 结果，我已经改变了我完全的形状。 12. They come from totally different culture. 他们来自完全不同的文化。 13. And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!
我的存储容量变得如此巨大连我自己都不能相信。
14. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.
从二十世纪七十年代起，我又被开发出来了很多新的用途。
15. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.
不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。
16. I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race.
在我充满了幸福感，因为我是人类的忠实朋友并时时给他们提供帮助。
17. He used to download information from the Internet and make good use of it. 他常从因特网上下载信息并充分利用这些信息。
18. As I grow older I realize how much my life has been connected with my interest in radios.
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随着年龄的增长，我意识到我的生活和我对无线电的兴趣联系地有多密切。
19. On the football team I am a striker …我在球队中是前锋，… 20. We are determined to create an even better system.
我们决心创造一个跟好的系统。
21. After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I am all about.
不管怎样，在我过目不忘的电子脑的帮助下，运用智能就是我的一切。
Unit 4 Wildlife protection
重点单词和短语
1. decrease v. & n. (1) v. 降低，减少，（使）变小/少
in 在……方面减少 decrease in number 数目减少 from ... to ... 从……减少到…… 搭配：decrease to 减少到…… by 减少了…… (2) n. 减少，减少的数量
(a/the) decrease in sth. 某物的减少 on the decrease 在减少
If their habitat is threatened or they can’t find enough food, their numbers may decrease. 如果他们的栖息地受到威胁或者他们找不到足够的食物，他们的数目就可能减少。
The number of children in the school has decreased this year.
今年在校的儿童人数减少了。
There was a decrease in the number of children in school.
在校的儿童人数有所减少。
【单词积累】 increase 增加 2. die out (1)灭亡，灭绝
This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed. 因栖息地正受到破坏，这一物种已濒临灭绝。 (2)（风俗、习惯）逐渐消失
Many old customs have died out because they are out of date. 因为已经过时，许多旧的风俗已经消失。
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【辨析】die out, die away, die off与die down 易混词组 辨析 例句 are Many old customs （家族、物种等）死亡，灭die out gradually dying out. 绝；（风俗、习惯）逐渐消失 许多旧习俗正逐渐消失。 die away die off 平息、渐弱 （声音、光线、风等）逐渐The wind had died away by dusk. 黄昏时风正逐渐减弱了。 off. 树叶正相继枯死。 （家族、种族等）相继灭亡；The leaves of the tree are dying （草木）先后枯死 （火、兴奋程度）渐弱，渐The noise has died down. 喧闹die down 息；（=die away）（声音、光声逐渐消失了。 线等）变弱、消失 3． long to do sth. 渴望做某事 long for sth 渴望某物 4. respond to sth. 对某事做出反应/答复/回复，回答/应答……= reply to/answer respond to ... (with) （对……）报以……，回报……
I offered him a drink but he didn't respond. 我请他喝酒，但他未作回答。 The patient did not respond to treatment. 病人经治疗後未见起色 How to respond to a greeting? 怎样回答别人的问候？ 【拓展】 response n. 回答，答复；反应 in response to 为……回答，响应 make (a) response to 回答，对……做出回应 respond by a nod 点头答应 respond with a smile 以微笑表示回答 respond in damages 赔偿损失 5. loss n. 损失；遗失；丧失
loss of bamboo growing areas 竹子生长区的损失 His unfortunate death was a great loss to the firm. 他的不幸去世对他的商行来说是个重大损失。 suffer a loss (of) 蒙受（……的）损失
Their company suffered loss on loss in business last year. 他们公司去年在生意上接二连三地亏本。
make up for the loss 弥补损失
at a loss 亏本 、不知所措，不知如何是好
sold the merchandise at a loss. 赔本卖出货物
I am at a loss to understand those remarks. 我不理解那些话
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(be) lost in thought 陷入沉思
I didn't answer right away because I was lost in thought 6. hunt v. & n.
(1) 打猎；猎取 go hunting 去打猎 (2) 搜寻
hunt for 搜索，追寻，寻找 hunt sp. for 为寻找……搜索某地 be on the hunt for正在寻找，在寻求中 【链接】“找，寻找”的多种表达法：
hunt for, look for, search for, (be) in search of
7. in peace = peacefully和平地；和睦地；安静地
The two communities live together in peace (with one another).
这两个社区和平相处.
Please let me do my work in peace. 请让我安静地工作 【链接】
at peace 和平地；安静地（与at war相对） at peace/war with 与……处于和平/交战状态 make peace with 与……讲和/和解 8. in danger of 在危险中；垂危
He was in danger of losing his life. 他有失去生命的危险。 in danger 处于危险中，垂危 out of danger 脱离危险 9. in relief 如释重负；松了口气 【拓展】
relief n. （痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物 to one’s relief令某人感到欣慰的是 with relief宽慰地 give sb. (some) relief （稍微）减轻某人的痛苦 10. burst into + n. 突然（进入某种状态）；闯入
burst in 闯入；突然出现；插嘴 burst out 突然……起来，……突然发生 【注意】
burst into后跟名词，而burst out后应跟doing。 burst into tears / laughter 突然哭/笑起来 burst out crying / laughing 突然哭/笑起来 11. mercy n. 仁慈，宽容，怜悯
show mercy to sb. = show sb. mercy同情、怜悯某人
have/take mercy on sb. 怜悯某人 beg for mercy乞求宽恕
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without mercy 毫不留情地；残忍地
at the mercy of 任……处置；任由……摆布 It’s a mercy (that) ... 幸运的是…… 12. certain
(1) 某个；某些（作前置定语）
She left him for a certain reason. 因为某种理由她离开了他。 【注意】a certain表示“某一”，some也可表示“某一” (2) 确定的，一定（作表语，相当于sure） to do sth. 一定会做某事
be certain of/about (doing) sth. 对（做）某事有把握 【拓展】
make certain of/that ... 搞清楚， 弄明白=make sure of/that for certain/sure 确定；无疑 a certain number of 一定数量的 【注意】
①certain可以用人作主语，也可用物作主语，还可以用it作形式主语。 sure通常用人作主语，不能用在以it作形式主语的句子中。 ②be sure to do sth. 祈使句中，一般不用certain。
13. protect ... from/against 保护……免受……；使……免受…… 14. contain vt.
(1) 包含；容纳；装有；含有
(2) 抑制；控制；克制（强烈的情感） 【辨析】contain与include
①contain指某物装在比其更大的物体内。 ②include指某物为整体的一部分或要素。 The bottle contains olives. 瓶子里装着橄榄。 The meal includes steak. 这顿饭包括牛排。 15. affect (1) 影响
The global warming affected the amount of rainfall here. 全球变暖影响了这里的降雨量。 (2) 使感动；激起（悲伤、愤怒、爱等情绪） The students were deeply affected by the story. 学生们被那个故事深深地感动了。 (3)（疾病）侵袭，感染
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The disease is beginning to affect her eyesight. 疾病开始侵袭她的视力。
I’m protecting myself from mosquitoes. 我这样做可以防止蚊虫叮咬。 It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.
它含有一种强效药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。 【辨析】affect, effect与influence 易混词 词性 辨析 例句 affect vt. 指产生的影响之大足以The drought seriously 引起反应，着重“影响”affected the harvest. 的动作。有时含有干旱严重地影响了收成。 “对……产生不利影响”的意思 effect This book effected a change in my opinion. 这本书使我作名词时指“效果，作n.& 的看法发生了变化。 用”；作动词时指“产生，v. The storm had a bad effect 引起” on the crops.。那暴风雨对庄稼有很坏的影响 指通过说服、举例等对行n.& 动、思想、性格等产生不v. 易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响 His writings have influenced the lives of millions of people. 他的作品影响了千百万人的生活。 influence 16. pay attention to 注意，关注 pay much attention to 非常注意 pay more attention to 更多关注 pay little / no attention to 很少/不注意 【拓展】
Draw / attract / catch /get / one’s attention to 吸引某人对……的注意 Fix / focus one’s attention on 将注意力集中于，专心于 devote one’s attention to 专心致志于 17. appreciate v.
(1) 理解；意识到；领会 (2) 欣赏，赏识；重视；鉴赏 (3) 感激，感谢
appreciate (one’s) doing 感激（某人）做某事
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would appreciate it if/wh- 要是……将不胜感激 【注意】
appreciate后不接to do作宾语，但可接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。 18. succeed v.
(1) 成功 succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事 (2) 接替；继任；继承
sb. (as) 接替某人（担任……） succeed +
to sth. 继承某物
19. employ vt. 雇佣；利用（时间、精力等）（=make use of） employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
employ oneself in (doing) sth. = be employed in (doing) sth.
忙于某事；从事某活动 【辨析】employ, hire与rent 易混词 辨析 例句 指“长时间雇用”，宾语一He employed the girl as a typist. employ 般是人 他雇用那个女孩当了打字员。 指短期、临时或一次性“雇用，During the holidays they hired a hire 租用”，宾语可以是人，也可以boat and went fishing. 假期中，他是物 们租了一条船去钓鱼。 指长时间出租、租用，通常用于They rented a house from Mr. rent 房地产，一般不用于人 Smith.他们租用了史密斯先生的一所房子。
20. harm n. & vt. 伤害；损害
do harm to sb. / do sb. harm 伤害某人 【链接】
do sb. good = do good to sb. 对某人有好处 do sb. wrong = do wrong to sb. 冤枉某人
21. come into being =come into existence
形成，（指事物、局面等的）产生
【拓展】 come into effect 生效 come into action 开始行动
come into power 当权，上台 come into use 开始被使用
22. inspect vt. 检查；检验；视察；检阅
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【辨析】inspect, examine与check 易混词 inspect examine 辨析 例句 The captain wants to inspect 强调上级对下级的视察、检查 your kit. 船长想要检查你的配备。 指“观察、察看”以了解情况；Let me examine your teeth first. 还可指检查身体 让我先检查一下您的牙齿。 check 强调“核实”对错 Will you check your homework yourself first? 你能自己先检查一下作业吗？
23.endangered an endangered species; an endangered culture. 濒临绝种的生物种类；濒临绝传的文化
24. how it might have become extinct 它可能是怎样灭绝的 an extinct species 已灭绝的物种 an extinct volcano 死火山 All hope was extinct. 一切希望都破灭了 25. reserve
a nature reserve 自然保护区= a natural protection zone I have reserved a room for you at the hotel. 我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。 reserve of food 食物储备
I believe your story without reserve. 我毫无保留地相信你说的。
26. too much hunting in the 1950s 二十世纪五十年代太多的捕杀 27. Beneath 是形容某些东西在什么之下 （用在正式文体中）没有距离的
We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.
为了取得我们肚皮底下的羊毛，我们正在被。
Shall we rest in the shade beneath these trees?
我们在树下荫凉处休息一下好吗？
The earth lay beneath a blanket of snow. 大地被厚厚的白雪覆盖
28. turn around 回转,转向
turn down 减弱，降低，压低（力量、声音等）；拒绝，不接受 turn up 找到；发现；被找到；（将底边折起）把（衣服）改短；出现；来临；
露面；把声音开大；把力量加大；发生（意想不到的事）
turn in 睡觉；把…交给警方；归还
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turn out关闭（煤气、自来水、电灯等）；出席；到场；生产；出产；（常与to, that
连用）结果
turn on 打开（煤气、自来水、电灯等）袭击；攻击 (= turn upon)（吸用麻醉品
后）产生幻觉，开启使开始运作、活动或流动：开始展示，显露出，流露出
turn off 关闭，停止终止运转、行为或流动；关掉：使厌烦： 29. need to have a secure income 需要有固定的收入 30. as usual 像平常一样 31. be related to 与……有关
32. according to a UN report 根据联合国的一份报告 33. in the last 500 years 在过去500年里
34. possible reasons for the disapperance of dinosaurs
恐龙消失的可能原因
35. tell the truth 说实话 tell a lie 撒谎
all told 总共；合计 tell the time看钟；报时 tell a secret 泄露秘密; tell fortunes.占卜 36. It’s a pity that … 真遗憾……
It's a pity that you have to go so soon. 真遗憾你这么快就得走了。 feel pity for sb.同情某人 ... have / take pity on sb.可怜某人 What a pity! 多么可惜[遗憾]! out of pity 出于怜悯[同情] 37. I intend/mean/ plan to … 我打算…… I intend to go home. 我想回家。
The book is intended for beginners. 本书是为初学者编写的。 We intend this news report as teaching material for freshmen. 我们打算把这篇新闻报道作为新生教材。 You intended that she go. 你计划让她去 38. I mean what I say. 我说到做到。
I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot. 我本来打算今天给你这本书的，可是我忘了。
Missing the last bus means walking home 错过最后一班车就意味着步行回家。 40. I’d rather not… 我不愿意
Which would you rather do, go to cinema or stay at home? 你是去看电影还是待在家里？
Would rather die than surrender. 宁死不投降。
41. I feel like 摸起来象；[口]想要, 愿意；有...的感觉
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What do you feel like doing today? 你今天想做什么?
feel one's heart beat感觉到心跳 feel one's way摸索前进 I feel it my duty to do so. 我认为这样做是我的责任。 42. so that 所以, 因此，以便
I study hard, so that I may not fail in the examinations. 我用功，免得考不及 We turned on the light so that we might see (=so as to see) what it was.
我们把灯打开，以便看看它是什么。
43. to teach them a lesson 教训某人 44. base on 基于， 以……为根据
45. a start and an ending 开头和结尾 46. depend on 依靠
47. write your draft 打草稿
48. swap your writing with …和某人交换作文
49. I suggest making a special park for them 我建议建一个特殊的公园。 50. I’m sure that they will survive with your help
我相信在你的帮助下他们会生存下去的。
51. formal start/ending to the letter 书信的正式开头/结尾 52. come into being 行程 53. apply for 申请 . as a result 因此
重点句子
1. Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wildlife. 戴茜一直以来都渴望帮助那些濒临灭绝的野生动植物
2. As a result these endangered animals may even die out. 结果，这些濒危的动物甚至可能会灭绝。
3. Why are they in danger of disappearing? 它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中？ 4. In relief Daisy burst into laughter. 戴茜如释重负地大声笑了起来。
5. They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they
paid the farmers. 如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。 6. You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and
appreciate how the animals live together.
你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。
7. The polluted air in the city is badly endangering the health of the
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residents. 城里被污染的空气正严重地危及居民的健康。
8. There has been some progress in saving endangered wildlife in China.
在中国拯救濒临绝种的动植物工作已经取得了一些进步。
9. Farmers hunted us without mercy. 农民总是惨无人道地捕杀我们。 10. They lived on the earth tens of thousands of years ago, long before humans came into being. 千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多。 11. Some scientists think it came after an unexpected incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air.
有些科学家认为恐龙灭绝是发生在一件意外事故之后，当时宇宙间一块巨石击中地球因而在空气中扬起太多的尘土。
12. Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time. 没有人确切地知道恐龙是因为什么原因，又是怎样在这
么短的时间里从地球上消失的。
Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero 重点单词和短语
1. match with 与……相匹配
2. dream of/about 梦想；梦见；设想（后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语）
Have you ever dreamt of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music?
你是否梦想过在音乐会上面对成千上万的观众演唱，观众欣赏你的歌为你鼓掌么？
3. pretend vt. 假装；假扮
(to be +) n. /adj. 假装是……
to do sth. 假装做某事（强调假装要做某事，但不一定正在进行或已经发生） pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在做某事（强调动词不定式的动作正在进行） to have done sth. 假装做了某事（强调假装的动作已经完成）
4. to be honest = honestly speaking 说实在的，实话说（作插入语，多置于句首，
用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开）
To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous. 说实在的，很多人把名和利看地很重。
To be honest, I can hardly wait. 老实说，我已经等不及了 be honest with sb. 对某人说实话
be honest about sth. 对某事持诚实的态度be honest in doing sth. 在做某事方
面诚实
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【链接】 常见的用作插入语的短语有：
to be frank 坦白地说 to be exact 准确地说
to begin with 首先 to tell you the truth 说实话 5. attach v.
(1) 认为有（重要性、责任等） importance
attach (great/little) significance to sth. 认为某事/物（很有/没有）重要性/意义价值
value
weight /分量
Chinese people attach great importance to education. 中国人很重视教育。 (2) 缚上；系上；附加，连接
attach ... to ... 把……固定在……上
Attach a label to the parcel before you post it. 寄包裹前在上面贴标签。
attach a document to a letter 将文件附在信中 (3) 参加；和……在一起，缠着
attach oneself to 和……在一起；缠着……
He attached himself to the climbers. 他加入到那群登山者中。
【拓展】 be attached to 喜欢，沉迷；附属于，所附的
I am attached to my family. 我对我的家依依不舍
【注意】 attach ... to ... 中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词 The hospital is attached to that university. 这医院附属于那所大学。 6. form v. & n.
(1) v. （使）组成；形成；构成；养成 form the habit of 养成……的习惯 (2) n. 形状，外形，形式；表格 in the form of 以……的形式 take the form of 采取……的形式 in (good) form 情况良好
be out of form 处于不良的健康状态 7. earn vt. (1) 赚钱；挣得
Young as he is, he earns a good salary in a big company. 他虽然很年轻，却在一家大公司挣得一份不错的薪水。
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(2) 获得，博得，赢得
Qian Xuesen’s achievements earned him respect and admiration. 钱学森的成就为他赢得了尊敬和仰慕。
【拓展】 earn money = make money 赚钱，挣钱
earn one’s / a living = make one’s living 谋生 8. extra allowance 特别津贴 extra hand 临时雇工 extra train 加(班火)车 extra edition 特号, 临时增刊
Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.
有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为过路人演奏，这样他们可以为自己或自己要买的乐器多挣一些钱。
Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra $100 a year!
\"然后,他微笑着告诉我,我每年将得到一百镑额外收益。\"
\"Dinner costs $80, and wine is extra.\" \"饭菜是八十美元,酒费另收。\" Children were extra glad to see the foreign visitors.
孩子们见到外国客人高兴极了。 9. play jokes on = play a joke on 开…的玩笑，戏弄…（经常是善意的） 【拓展】 tell jokes 讲笑话 must be joking 一定是在开玩笑 make a joke of 拿……开玩笑 for/as a joke 只是开玩笑 【链接】 “戏弄……，开……的玩笑”的多种表达法：
play tricks on, play a trick on, make fun of, make a fool of
10. rely on = rely upon (1) 依赖，依靠
rely on sb. To do sth. 依赖某人做某事（动词不定式为复合宾语） rely on sb. Doing sth. 依赖某人做某事（sb. doing 为动名词复合结构） rely on sb. For sth. 依靠某人提供某物 rely on it that ... 相信……，指望…… 【注意】
① rely on 后不直接跟宾语从句，须先接it作形式宾语，再接真正的宾语。 ② rely on 仅表示“依靠，依赖，指望”，而depend on除表示“依赖，依靠”之外，还有“取决于，视……而定”之意。
(2) 相信，信赖，信任 rely on sb. to do sth. 相信某人会做某事
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11. familiar adj. (1) 熟悉的，通晓的
be/get familiar with 熟悉；与……熟悉起来 be familiar to 为……所熟悉
They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get familiar with them. 他们非常走红使得歌迷们为了更加熟悉他们而成立了俱乐部。 (2) 亲密的，亲近的
be on familiar terms with 与……交情很好 【注意】
be familiar with 的主语是人，表示某人对某人或某物很熟悉； be familiar to 的主语是物，表示对于某人来说某物是很熟悉的。
Are you familiar with the rules of baseball? 你熟悉棒球规则吗? He is familiar with Chinese ancient history. 他通晓中国古代史。 The things are familiar to us. 那些事为我们所熟悉。 12. or so 大约 【注意】 or so 位于数词之后，表示“大约”；而表达同样含义的about，around和some都位于数词之前。
I have about/around/some 100 yuan on me. = I have 100 yuan or so on me. 我身上带了大约100元钱。 13. break up (1) 解散；散开
The meeting broke up at eleven o’clock. 会议在11点散会。
The crowd started to break up when the night fell.
天快黑时人群开始散开了。
(2) 破碎；拆开，打碎
The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁撞碎了。
The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.
天气转暖,冰层就会破裂。
(3) 与某人绝交；关系破裂；结束
She’s just broken up with her boyfriend. 她刚刚和男朋友分手。 Their marriage has broken up. 他们的婚姻已经破裂。 【拓展】
break down 出故障；垮掉；失败 break into 破门而入 break in 插话，打断 break away from 脱离
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break off 打断；折断 break through 突破 break out 突然发生，爆发（疾病，战争，火灾等） 14. in addition 另外；也 【辨析】in addition与in addition to 易混词组 辨析 例句 I meet a famous singer and some friends in addition at the party. 在聚会上，我碰到了一个著名歌手，还遇到了一些朋友。 “另外（=as in well）”相当于addition 连接副词 In addition, they do not match very much. 除此之外，他们两人并不十分般配。 “除……之外In addition to swimming, she likes playing in （还）（=as well the guitar. 除游泳外，她还喜欢弹吉他。 addition as）”，相当于介He speaks French in addition to English.
to 词 他除了英语之外，也会说法语。 15. sort out 分类；整理；拣出 We need to sort out the garbage. 我们需要做垃圾分类。 Sort out the following messages that are mixed up to make complete sentences containing attributive clauses.
选出被混在一起的信息造包含定语从句的完整的句子
16. confident adj. (1) 自信的，有信心的
about/of/that 对……有信心 be confident in 在……方面充满信心
But in the long run, you've got to be confident about your economy.
但从长期来看，我们应该对经济充满信心。
(2) 肯定的；确信的；有把握的
Are you confident that they will attend the meeting? 你确信他们会参加会议吗？ 【注意】
confident是形容词，后常接of或about；
confidence是名词，后常接in，构成搭配have/show confidence in，均
表示“对……有信心”
We have confidence in our future. 我们对未来充满信心。 We are confident of our future.
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17. brief adj. & n. on a brief tour 短暂的巡演.
【拓展】 to be brief = briefly speaking = in short简单地说 in brief 简言之；总之 【链接】“总之”的多种表达法：in brief, in short, in a/one word, all in all 【辨析】in brief与in short 易混词组 辨析 着重于重点突出，不拖泥带水 多指在较长叙述之后长话短说，含有“综上所述”之意 例句 There is not much time left, so I’ll tell you about it in brief. 剩下的时间不多了，因此我会简明扼要地告诉你。 in brief in short In short, he is an honest man. 总之，他是个诚实的人。 18. perform v (1) vt. 演出，演奏，表演
perform a part in a play 在剧中扮演一个角色 (2) vt. 执行，履行
perform one’s promise 履行诺言 perform one’s duty 尽职责 perform an operation 做手术
⑶ vi. (非正式) （人）表现
⑷ n 演出 give performances 演出
19. sensitive adj.
(1) 易生气的；已被惹恼的；神经过敏的 be sensitive about/to 对……敏感的 (2) 敏感的；灵敏的 【辨析】sensitive与sensible 易混词组 辨析 一般指对事物的反应和洞察力，即“敏感的” 一般指通情达理或切合实例句 The movie may upset a sensitive child. 这部影片可能使敏感的孩子感到很难过。 She gave me some very sensible advice. 她给了我一些很合理的建议。 sensitive sensible
际的，即“明智的，有判断能力的” 38 / 41
20. What if ...? = What would happen if ...? 要是……会怎么样呢？ What if the train is late? 火车要是晚点会怎么样呢？ 【链接】 (1) How come? 怎么会呢？/怎么回事？（表示惊讶） —I didn’t even eat lunch today. 我今天连午饭都没吃。 —Really? How come? 真的？怎么回事？ (2) What for? 为何目的？/为什么？
—I need to see a doctor. 我得去看医生。 —What for? 看什么病？
(3) So what? 那又怎样？（认为某事无关紧要，尤用于反驳他人的指责时） —He is only a child of ten! 他只是一个10岁的孩子！ —So what? 那又怎样？ 21. above all 最重要的是，首先；尤其（多用于句首，作状语；表示意义的增补） 【辨析】above all与first of all 易混词组 辨析 例句 “最重要的是；首先”，强调Above all, we must be honest. above all 事物的重要性 最重要的是我们必须诚实。 First of all, let me introduce “首先”，强调事物的排列顺first of all my friend. 首先，让我介绍一下序 我的朋友。 22. be paid in cash 得到现金 23. during the broadcasts 在播出的时候 He will appear on tomorrow's broadcast. 他明天将在广播中出现。 live television broadcast 实况电视广播, 现场电视广播 24. go over 视察；查看；查阅；复习 25. go away in different directions 向不同的方向走开
go away离去, 带走, 拐逃(with)
26. by chance 偶然的 I met an old friend in the street by chance. 27. have a good knowledge of …通晓，对……很熟悉
I have a good knowledge of the Chinese culture. 我对中华文化有很好的了解。 28. send out radio programmes 传送无线电节目 send out 发送
Radio Beijing sends the news all over the world. 北京广播电台向全世界播送新闻。 Send my regards to ... for me. 代我问候.
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29. It is suggested that ... 有人提议... I suggest that ... 我觉得[认为]
They suggested we go to record our songs in a studio.
他们建议我们去录音棚灌制我们的歌曲。
He suggested going out for a walk. 他建议出去走走。 30． be humorous to each other 相互之间很幽默 31. to our great surprise 使我们感到惊奇的是 Don't tell him about the present -- it's a surprise.
不要告诉他礼物的事，这是件意想不到的礼物。
I looked at him in surprise - I didn't expect to see him again. 我惊奇地看他，没想到又见到他了。
He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. 他由于被发现而非常吃惊,甚至都没有想起逃跑。 lt's nothing to be surprised about[at]. 这事不值得大惊小怪。 32. mix up 搅匀(拌和,混淆,搞乱) Don't mix up this pair of synonyms. 别把这两个同义词混淆了 33. make up 弥补, 虚构, 缝制, 整理, 包装, 和解, 编辑, 化妆；补足,拼凑 She made up her face to look prettier. 她把脸化了妆以便看上去漂亮些。 The boy made up a story; it was not true. 男孩编了个故事，这故事不是真的。
34. I’m honoured that… 很荣幸…
I am honoured that you would ask me for advice.
很荣幸你能征求我的建议。
35. in a very unusual way 以不一般的方式 36. come up with 赶上, 提出,拿出
They might come up with a plan. 他们有可能想出一个计划了。 37. stick to 坚持，忠于，信守
We don't want to hear your opinions，stick to the facts!
我们不想听你的想法, 只讲事实!
重点句子
1. To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous. 说实在的，很多人把名和利看得很重要。
2. They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them. 他们如此受欢迎以至于歌迷们为了更加熟悉他们而组建了俱乐部。
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3. Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed. 弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪儿都有人跟踪。
4. Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.
一些不认识他们的人在不断地讨论他们的私生活，而且就像是他们的密友一样在谈论他们。
5. The regulars there were very kind to us. 那儿的老主顾对我们很友好。 6. Then things went wrong. 然后，事情出错了。 7. The speech contained some interesting ideas.
这个讲演包括一些有趣的思想。
8. Ask him for advice on how to make your band successful
就如何使你的乐队成功征求他的建议
9. Music is more than just sound. It is a way of thinking.
音乐不仅仅是声音。它是一种思维方式。
10. While singing a song, you are learning English grammar and vocabulary.
在唱歌的时候，你就是在学习英语语法和词汇。
11. Try to use them in your everyday English conversations when it is
suitable. 适当的话在你每天的英语交谈中尽量地运用它们。
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