专业英语四级51

（总分：100.00,做题时间：90分钟）

一、完形填空（总题数：3,分数：100.00）

Many people like to travel. The problem is getting your pet to the 1 .In recent years, transporting pets on flights has grown more 2

— and more expensive. All major carriers have 3 raised the fees

_ 一 _ — — —

that they 4 for bringing pets onboard, matching, or in some cases, 5 , the fee for children flying alone. Fees 6 depending on whether the pet flies under your seat, or as checked baggage, which 7 extra handling. —

Pet safety has also become a more 8 issue. Incidents of animals being lost, injured or dying have recently 9 . Thirty-nine animals died while flying aboard 10 jets last year, com- pared with 22 two years ago.

11 those numbers are a small percentage of the hundreds of thousands of animals flown by the airlines each year, they expose the dangers that pets may face while traveling. Not that airlines don 12 risks, but that some pets are liable to breathing problems or 13 illness. Delta, which reported several dog 14 last year, has changed its policy and now 15 some breeds from its planes.

— __ _

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Despite the inconveniences, airlines say they are going out of their way to be pet 16 . Last year Frontier Airlines, in 17 to demand, began accepting pets in the passenger cabin for the first time. 18 it had transported pets only as baggage.

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If you are considering putting your pet on a plane, here are a few tips to 19 the process. Don wait until the last minute to book, for airlines limit the number of pets in the cabin. Placing

__

your pet on the floor of the car beforehand so it can feel the 20 as it will on a plane.（分 ------------------- 数: 40.00） A. detection B. destruction C. desperation D. destination V

解析：［解析］文章主题与travel相关，destination \"目的地\"能与之相对应，符合句意。 A. confused B. mixed C. complicated V D. involved

解析：［解析］complicated与involved都有\"复杂的\"含义，但complicated 一般指的是事情复杂得难以解释或解决， involved 强调的是关系的错综复杂。此句主语 适。 A. hardly B. significantly C. highly D. normally

解析：［解析］hardly \"几乎不\"，与上文的more expensive相矛盾。significantly 是程度副词，具有一定的干扰性，但 highly表示“高度地，非常\"，不能修饰raised the fees “提高费用\"。

\"大大地\"，符合语境；highly也

transporting pets on flights

是一种做法，故用complicated最为合

V

A. collect B. cost C. charge V D. pay

解析：［解析］that引导的定语从句修饰the fees，其中they指carriers ，即航空公司。四个选项都能表示与钱有关 的行为，但又各有区别。collect money指的是“筹款\"，但collect不与fee搭配；cost花费，付出代价\"和pay\"付 款”，与句意相反； charge the fee 是习惯用法，意为“收费” ，为正确答案。 A. exhibiting B. exerting C. executing D. exceeding V

解析： ［ 解析 ］ 由 or in somecases 可知，需填入的词与空格前的 matching “相等”是递进关系，故 exceeding “超过” 符合语境。 A. vary V B. modify C. convert D. shift

解析： ［解析 ］ 四个选项都有“改变”的意思，此句指“费用的变化” 。 vary “变化”； modify “修改，变更”，一般指一 些文字的修改； convert 多指事物外表、 用途、性质的“转换，转变”； shift “改变， 转移”，一般指位置或方向的改变。 由此可知 vary 最符合句意。 A. relate B. evolve C. involve V D. include

解析：［解析］根据空格前后文的关系进行判断，checked baggage会带来extra handling \"额外的费用\"，所以involve “涉及”为最佳答案。 A. amazing B. confusing C. promising D. pressing V

解析： ［ 解析］ 下文提到宠物丢失、受伤或死亡的事件， 由此可判断宠物的安全是一个迫切需要解决的问题， 故选 pressing “迫切的”。 A. arisen B. risen V C. descended D. raised

解析：［解析］由后文的Thirty-nine...last year, ...22 two years ago可知动物受到伤害的事件在增多。arise \"出 现\"，与句意不符；rise “升高，增加\"，符合句意；descend \"下降\"，与句意相反；raise \"举起\"，一般是及物动词， 放在此不符合语法规则。

A. commercial V B. private

C. trading D. comprehensive

解析： ［解析］ 由全文第 1句和空格前的 while flying aboard 可知这里谈论的是大众和宠物的旅行方式， commercial “商业的”，与 jets 搭配意为“公务机” ，符合语境。 A. If B. Since C. While V D. As

解析： ［解析］ 从句说明“只占很小的比例” ，主句表示“暴露了宠物们旅行而临的危险” ，由此判断句子是让步状语从 句，所以选While “尽管”。 A. suppose

V B.anticipate

C. expect D. judge

解析：［解析］suppose \"猜想” ；anticipate \"预料” ；expect指的是对可能发生或出现的某事或某人的期待；judge \"判 断”。空格后的词是 risks “风险”，选择 anticipate 最为合适，意为“预料风险” 。 A. instant B. immediate C. rapid D. sudden V

解析：［解析］instant “瞬间的，立刻的” ；immediate \"立即的”，形容动作迅速；rapid \"迅速的”修饰速度或动作； sudden \"突然的”。只有sudden能与illness 搭配，而且结合上下文分析，既然宠物是在飞行途中患病，应该是突发疾 病，故选 sudden。 A. fatalities V B. facilities C. faculties D. fantasies

解析： ［解析］ 由上文的 dangers， risks 和 illness 可知这一段谈论的是动物在旅行中而临的风险，所以 fatalities “死亡”符合语境，也与第 2 段的 died 相呼应。 A. cancels B. obstructs C. bans V D. deletes

解析： ［ 解析］ 上文提到一些宠物容易出现问题，由此可判断正是这个原因， Delta 会“禁止”一些宠物品种上机，所以 选ban \"禁止”。 A. friendly B. kind C. intimate D. lively

解析：［解析］friendly 除了常用的意思“友好的”之外，接在名词后还表示“对……有利的，对……无害的”等含义， pet friendly 意为“对宠物有利的” 。 A. interaction

V

B. return C. response V D. feedback

解析： ［ 解析 ］ interaction “互动”， feedback “反馈”，这两个词一般都不与 in...to 搭配。 return “返还”， in return to表示“作为对 ... 的回报\"，in response to 意为“作为对 ........ 的反应\"。上文提到的是问题，下文是针对问题采取 的措施，所以in response to 符合句意。 A. Usually B. Generally C. Obviously D. Previously V

解析：［解析］空格前的句子意思为“首次允许宠物进入乘客舱”，这是一种新的做法，空格后的句子表明“只是将宠物 作为行李进行托运\"，并采用过去完成时had transported ，可知是以前的做法，所以选 previously \"以前\"。 A. smash B. smooth V C. sketch D. splash

解析：［解析］空格处动作发出的对象是the process

\"过程\"，smooth作动词时表示\"使光滑，使顺利\"，符合语境,

意为“使旅程顺利\"。smash \"粉碎\";sketch “概述，作草图\";splash \"溅起\"。. A. shock B. l iberation C. substitution D. vibration V

解析：［解析］shock “震动”；liberation \"\"；substitution \"代替\"；vibration “震动\"。空格前的关键词组是 the floor of the car, liberation

和 substitution 与之搭配不当，可排除。shock 和 vibration 都有“震动\"的意

思，但shock指的是剧烈的震动、猛烈的撞击，与语境不符，故选 vibration 。

Summer is an ideal time for juniors to get the jump on college admissions essay. These less hurried months before the coming of a 21 pressured fall offer the chance for students to think, 22 and connect with a writing topic of your admissions essay. So how can you use the summer to your best 23 ? Here are some suggestions to keep in 24 .

inhibit （ 抑 First, youd better clear your head. 25 like TV and Internet surfing can seriously divers ions （娱制）26 . Once your school term is over, 27 some time away from those electronic

乐）and find a quiet place where you can hear your thought bubbling up from deep down in your 28 .

Next, ask yourself questions. In looking 29 an essay topic, an excellent way to begin is by asking questions that can turn 30 some conflict. But don

forget to write the answers down. Carry around

write them

a pad and pencil or some kind of wireless 31 to record your thoughts. If you don down, you e 32 to lose them.

Certainly, you are required to familiarize yourself with the narrative form. It is 33 better to think of the essay as your chance to tell a good story. Stories are narratives. Be conscious of the narrative 34 .

Last but not least, you should enjoy yourself. These feel-good months make it easier to relax,

and 35 the college admissions essay with 36 anxiety is a good thing. It would be 37 to view this assignment as an interesting act, Youll want to 38 yourself to the work, think that your essay will 39 through a series of drafts and allow yourself to take some 40 in the process. A. nearly B. perfectly C. highly V D. hardly

..

（分数：..40.00 ）

解析：［ 解析］ 文章一开头就建议学生在夏季开始写大学入学论文。 这一句分析了选择在夏季写的原因， 由 less hurried 可知夏季比较清闲，暗示之后的秋季会比较忙，压力比较大，故选 highly pressured 。 A. remedy B. reflect V C. reserve D. resign

解析： ［解析］ 所需词与 think 是并列关系，故应填入与 think “思考”相对应的词，只有 reflect “深思”符合语境。 A. advantage V B. gain C. favor D. profit

解析： ［解析］ to the best advantage 是习惯用法，表示“充分利用；达到最佳程度” 。 A. heart B. mind V C. soul D. thought

是固定搭配，意为“记住” 。］ keep in mind 解析［ 解析： A. Discrimination B. Distributions C. Distinctions D. Distractions V 解析：［解析］discrimination

\"歧视；辨别力\"；distribution

\"分布；分配\";distinction \"区别\"；distraction \"使

人分心的事；娱乐，消遣”。TV and Internet surfing 是对空格所填词的举例说明，显然，看电视和上网是娱乐消遣，

所以 distraction 符合语境。下一句的 diversions 也提示了此处的答案。 A. motivation B. awareness C. inspiration D. insight

解析：［解析］motivation “动机”；awareness\"意识\"；inspiration \"灵感\"；insight \"洞察力\"。由下文的 thought bubbling up（ 不断涌现的想法 ）可知此处应该是表“灵感”的词， inspiration 合适，选 C。 A. schedule V B. program C. draft D. list

解析： ［ 解析 ］ schedule 和 program 都有“安排”之义，但 schedule 常指时间、日程上的安排， program 一般指节目、

V

活动或程序上的安排，所以选 schedule 。 A. consequence B. consensus C. conscience D. consciousness V

解析：［解析］空格前的关键词是thought和deep down,四个选项中只有consciousness a意识，感觉\"与空格前的thought 相对应且能与 deep down 搭配，意为“内心深处的思想” 。 A. through B. for V C. over D. up

解析：［解析］look through \"翻阅\"；look for \"寻找\"；look over \"检查；打量\"；look up \"查阅，查找\"。look through 和 look over 与 topic 搭配不当，故排除。 look for 和 look up 都有“寻找”的含义，但 look up 一般指在字典等特定 的范围内查找，故只有 look for 最符合语境，意为“寻找论文主题” 。 A. up V B. down C. on D. out

解析：［解析］考查介词搭配。turn up “出现”；turn down\"降低，拒绝\"；turn on “打开，接通\"；turn out生产； 关掉；结果是”。空格后的关键词是 conflict “争论”，只有 turn up 能与之搭配，意为“引发一些争议的问题” 。 A. dignity B. devil C. dialect D. device V

解析： ［ 解析 ］ dignity “尊严”； devil “魔鬼”； dialect “方言”； device “设备，装置”。空格所填词的功能是 record thoughts ，故只有 device 符合句意。 A. free B. bound V C. complete

D. fatal

解析： ［ 解析 ］ be bound to 是固定搭配，意为“必定” ，该句意为“如果你不把想法当场记下来，过后肯定会忘记” 。 be free to “自由做某事”，与 lose it 搭配不当。 complete 一般不与 be...to do 搭配。 fatal “致命的”，与语境不符。 A. little B. few C. far V D. many

解析：［解析］由空格后的tell a good story far 。

A. procedures B. means C. routines

推断此句作者的语气应该是肯定的，而 many不能修饰better，所以选

D. techniques V

解析：［解析］procedure \"程序\"；means\"手段，方法\"；routine “惯例；程序\"；techniques \"方法；技巧\"。这部分 谈论的是写作方法， technique 一般指具体的方法、技巧，与 narrative 搭配最为恰当。 A. moving B. accessing C. approaching V D. entering

解析： ［解析］ 四个选项都有\"移动，进入，接近”之义，但 approach 还有\"动手处理”的意思，空格处动词的宾语为 essay，与approaching 连用表示“着手写作\"。 A. less V B. more C. fewer D. greater

解析：［解析］上文的enjoy ,relax提示了这句话的基调，所以应该是less anxiety符合语境o fewer不能修饰anxiety。 A. harmful B. beneficial V C. depressed D. disastrous

解析：［解析］harmful \"有害的\"；beneficial 根据此段主题enjoy yourself A. attach B. reply C. commit V D. appeal

解析：［解析］四个选项都能与to构成短语，attach to

\"使依恋，把 ... 放在\"；reply to \"回答\"；commit

\"有益的\"；depressed \"沮丧的\"；disastrous “损失惨重的，悲惨的\"，

beneficial 。

，再加上此句“把写作看做一件有趣的事\"的意思，可推断应该是

to \"致力于 .... ” ；appeal to “呼吁，要求；有吸引力\"，但只有commit to能和oneself搭配，且符合上下文语境， 此处指“努力写作”。 A. emerge B. rise C. perform D. evolve V

解析：［解析］emerge\"显现\rise “上升，增加\"，perform “做；履行\evolve “发展，演变\"。由该句中的a series of drafts 及process可知论文需要经过一系列对初稿的修改才得以逐渐形成 A. pleasure V B. failure C. torture D. courage

解析：［解析］考查名词辨析。本段的建议为enjoy yourself，所以可以排除表示消极含义的failure（失败）及torture（折 磨）o courage “勇气\"在文中也未提及，故排除。只有 pleasure跟主题联系最密切，故选 A

Sugarless yoghurt could help beat bad breath, tooth decay and gum disease, say scientists. Japanese researchers found eating the yoghurt 41 levels of hydrogen sulphide

— a major 42 of bad breath — in ___ __

。D,故选（evolve）.

80% of volunteers. The keys are active bacteria in yoghurt.

43 were presented at a meeting of the International Association for Dental Research. A total of 24 volunteers who 44 in the study were given strict instructions 45 oral hygiene, diet and

medication intake. They spent two weeks 46 yoghurts and similar foods, like cheese. Researchers then 47 bacteria levels and odour-causing 48 , including hydrogen sulphide. The volunteers then ate 90 grams of yoghurt a day for six weeks. At the end of the study, researchers took 49 again. They found hydrogen sulphide levels decreased in 80% of participants.

Dr. Nigel Carter, 50 executive of the British Dental Health Foundation, said: The foundation has long been 51 peoples attention to sugar-flee yoghurts as a 52 snack, so it is pleasing to hear that it may have oral health benefits we were previously 53 of.

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----- --- into —— --- -------- ___ ------ ------

------- _ _____ ---

Although this research is still in the early stages there is no that sugar-free yoghurts provide a much healthier 55 to sweets and chocolate, and we would encourage snackers to incorporate them their 56 .

However, Dr. Carter stressed that the best way to beat bad breath was by 57 a good oral health

__

fluoride （氟化物 routine. This 58 brushing twice-a-day with ） toothpaste, cutting 59 on the

frequency of sugary snacks and drinks and visiting a dentist 60 . A. increased B. disturbed C. averaged D. reduced V

（分数：20.00） __

_ ____

解析：［解析］第2段最后一句中的decreased提示80%受试者喝了酸奶后口腔内的硫化氢降低了， 据此可知喝酸奶会降 低硫化氢的含量，reduce “降低\"与decrease意思相近，故选D。increased \"增加\"，disturbed \"扰乱\"，averaged “平均”。 A. problem B. cause V C. result D. resource

解析：［解析］原文第1句便说到酸奶有助于减轻口腔异味，结合上一小题的 诱因，cause表“原因，起因”，符合语境，故选Bo A. Details V B. Commodities C. Factors D. Exhibits

解析：［解析］该段内容为该研究的具体过程，由此不难推断此空应为Details，表“细节，详情”，故选A commodities “商品，货物” ‘factors A. devoted B. entered C. absorbed

\"因素”，exhibits \"陈列品，展览品”。

reduced可猜测硫化氢是口腔异味的主要

V D.participated

解析：［解析］根据介词in及该段最后一句中的同根名词 participants devoted

\"把 .. 奉献（给）”，为及物动词，常用于be devoted to 结构中；entered \"进入”，作不及物动词时后常接介词into

，此处应选participated

\"参加，参与”。

或on，表示\"开始做某事”；absorbed in用于被动语态，表示\"沉浸在 ...... 之中”。 A. by B. of C. to D. on V

解析：［解析］instructions A. avoiding V B. eating C. smelling D. drinking

解析：［解析］研究人员研究的是受试者不喝酸奶和喝了酸奶这两种情况下口腔状况的对比，下文已提到喝了酸奶后的 研究，故此空提及的应是不喝酸奶的相关研究，据此选 A. estimated B. compared C. measured V

D. counted 解析：［解析］根据动词的宾语level以及该段最后一句中的levels decreased ，选measured\"测量\"。estimated \"估 计\"；compared \"比较\"；counted \"计算\"。 A. combinations B. compounds V C. components D. complements

解析： ［ 解析 ］ 此处名词所指应该是能够诱发口腔异味之物， 且这包括硫化氢， 它应该属于 compound“s 复合物，化合物”， 故选Bo combinations \"联合体，组合物\"；components \"成份\",complements “互为补充的东西\"。 A. advantages B. turns C. actions D. samples V

解析：［解析］后面的“受试者口腔内的硫化氢含量降低了” ，提示研究人员得进行取样检测，故选samples “取样”。take advantage (of) “利用”， take turns “轮流”， take action “采取行动”。 A. general B. superior C. major D. chief V

解析：［解析］chief executive “总裁，行政长官”是习惯搭配。其他选项也可以表示“总的，主要的，级别较高的”

,

后接介词on，表示在某方面的“指示，指导”。

代

但习惯搭配不同，如 general headquarters “总司令部”， superior court “高等”， major transaction “重大交 易”。 A. drawing V B. paying C. posing D. dragging

解析：［解析］根据宾语attention 选drawing，draw ones attention to...表示\"把某人的注意力吸引到........... 上” 。pay 也跟attention ，但其后面的ones必须与主语一致，pose “使摆姿势；以 ...... 身份出现” ，drag \"拖，拉，拽”。

A. fashionable

B. healthy V C. potential D. risky

解析：［解析］根据 sugar-free yoghurts 和 oral health benefits ，很容易选出 healthy 作本题答案。fashionable “流行的，时髦的”，potential “潜在的，有潜力的”，risky “冒险的；危险的”。 A. cautious B. guilty C. unaware V D. exhausted

解析：［解析］酸奶促进口腔健康是以前人们没有意识到的， were previously 提示了此空填入unaware，与of搭配表 示“没有意识到的” o cautious “谨慎的”， guilty “内疚的”， exhausted “疲惫不堪的” o A. suspect B. promise C. access D. doubt V

解析：[解析]考查固定表达的识别：there is no doubt that “毫无疑问\"。suspect \"嫌疑犯\"；promise \"承诺；前 途\"；access \"通道；接近 ................. 的方法\"。 A. selection B. option C. alternative V D. substitute

解析： [ 解析 ] 根据与介词 to 的搭配选 alternative “替换物”。 selection “可供选择的东西” ，与介词 of 搭配； option “选择，选择权” ，substitute “代替；代用品” ，与介词 for 搭配。 A. schedule B. diet V C. ingredient D. menu

解析： [解析] 本文主要话题是无糖酸奶这种食品， diet 意为“日常饮食”，符合语义，故选 B。 schedule “时间表，日 程安排表\"；ingredient A. adjusting B. adapting C. assigning D. adopting V

解析： [ 解析] 本句意为“卡特尔医生强调防治口臭的最好方法是 _________ 良好的口腔卫生习惯”选 adopting “采用，采 取\"。adjusting \"调整\"，adapting \"适应\"，assigning \"分配；指派；指定\"。 A. concerns B. contains C. intends D. involves V

“（混合物的）组成部分；配料\"；menu\"菜单\"。

解析： [ 解析 ] involve 表示某种行为“包含”某种具体做法，符合句意。 concerns “有关于，关系到” ， contains “包 含；容纳”，主要指某物中“含有”某成份或者容器中装有某物； intends “意欲，打算”。 A. off B. in C. down V D. out

解析： [ 解析 ] cut down on “在某方面减少”，符合语义。 A. regularly V B. usually C. commonly

D. normally

解析： [ 解析 ] 根据句意分析，此处表示应定期看牙医，commonly \"普通地，一般地\",normally “正常地\"。

regularly 意为“定期地”，故选 A。usually “通常，惯常地”，