Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Warren Buffett, who will host Berkshire Hathaway´s annual shareholders´ meeting on May 3rd, is an icon of American capitalism. At 83, he also epitomizes a striking demographic__1__: for highly skilled people to go on working well into__2__was once thought to be old age. Across the rich world,well-educated people__3__work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the__4__, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. In the European Union the pattern is similar.
This__5__is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated__6__and the unskilled poor that is slicing__7__all age groups. Rapid innovation has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while__8__those of the unskilled. Those at the top are working longer hours each year than those at the bottom.__9__the well-qualified are extending their working lives, compared with those of less-educated people. The__10__, for individuals and society,are profound.
The world is on the__11__rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before.__12__the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600m to 1.1 billion. The__13__of the 20th century, when greater longevity translated into more years in retirement__14__more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will__15__slower economic growth and \"secular stagnation\" , while the__16__ranks of pensioners will bust government budgets.
But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the__17__old misses a new trend, the__18__gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people,__19__older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers are__20__retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce. 第1题 A.sight B.trend C.sign D.track 第2题 A.what B.that C.when D.where 第3题
A.decreasingly B.incidentally C.desperately D.increasingly 第4题 A.house
B.college C.workforce D.retirement 第5题 A.gap
B.similarity C.concept
D.phenomenon 第6题 A.healthy B.well-off C.bright D.elderly 第7题 A.into B.among C.from D.through 第8题 A.declining B.squeezing C.depressing D.suppressing 第9题 A.And B.But C.So D.Even 第10题 A.reasons B.substances C.consequences D.causes 第11题
A.interesting B.exaggerating C.unsurprising D.staggering 第12题 A.Over B.About C.On D.Until 第13题
A.result B.example C.experience D.past 第14题
A.apart from B.rather than C.in spite of D.regardless of 第15题 A.turn to B.lean to C.tend to D.lead to 第16题 A.decaying B.crawling C.swelling D.fading 第17题 A.idle B.rich C.tired D.lazy
第18题 A.narrow B.growing C.limited D.vital 第19题 A.since B.before C.whereas D.although 第20题 A.giving up B.going against C.driving away D.putting off 下一题
(21~25/共20题)Section ⅡReading Comprehension Directions :
Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
What has been described as the largest ever ransomware attack—a cyber criminal scheme that locks up computer files until victims pay a ransom—holds the paradoxical distinction of being both an outrageous success (in terms of its blast radius) as well as an abject failure (in terms of its haul). The malicious software spread so far and wide, jammed up so many IT networks and generated so much panic and chaos that the wrongdoers effectively undid themselves.
On May 12, the world awoke to the beginnings of hundreds of thousands of old Microsoft Windows based computers´ seizing up as they subjected to a malicious software, appropriately called WannaCry. Within hours, the digital epidemic circled the globe like the Spanish flu, infecting machines running outdated operating systems in some 150 countries, spreading across numerous homes and corporate networks. The attack, which relied on powerful tools believed to have been developed by the NSA and leaked online in April by a group of hackers known as the Shadow Brokers, wormed its way through businesses, hospitals and governments, all of which found themselves suddenly locked out of their own systems. Researchers detected the wave quickly, and it wasn´t long before they picked up on the criminals´ self-defeating mistakes. The attackers failed to assign each victim a separate Bitcoin wallet , researchers noted, a critical error that meant they would not be able to easily track ransom payments. They neglected to automate the money collection in a way that would scale. And then there was the matter of the kill switch.
No one is quite certain why the attackers coded a self-destruct button into their software, yet that´s precisely what they did. Marcus Hutchins, a 22-year-old security researcher based in England who goes by MalwareTech, stumbled on the power plug largely by accident. After taking lunch on that Friday afternoon, he inspected the malware and noticed a specific web address encoded within. Curious, he registered the domain for less than $ 11. This simple act stopped the malware, killing the virus´ ability to spread and buying time for organizations to upgrade their software and deploy protections.
第21题
The ransomware attack has been considered a victory because it______. A.cancels a number of computer files B.successfully blackmails many users C.affects numerous users worldwide D.causes panic and chaos at local 第22题
According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true about WannaCry? A.It spread only through domestic networks. B.It was a software developed by the NSA. C.It infected computers in few countries.
D.It was deliberately created by some hackers. 第23题
Researchers held that the attack was______. A.critical B.flawless C.defective D.invulnerable 第24题
Marcus Hutchins prevented the malware from spreading by______. A.pushing the self-destruct button in the software B.purchasing its domain name accidentally C.pulling the power plug found by chance D.finding its web address intentionally
第25题
The most suitable title for the text is______. A.An Unsuccessful Malware Attack B.Cyber Crime: Hard to Prevent C.A Widespread Computer Virus
D.WannaCry: New Malicious Software 上一题 下一题
(26~30/共20题)Section ⅡReading Comprehension Directions :
Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Marion Nestle´s heavyweight criticism against Coca-Cola and PepsiCo comes at an odd moment for the industry. Americans are drinking fewer sugary sodas—in 2012 production was 23% below what it had been a decade earlier. Even sales of diet drinks are losing their fizz, as consumers question the merits of artificial sweeteners. From one angle, it would seem that health advocates such as Ms Nestle have won. Yet in America companies still produce 30 gallons of regular fizzy drinks per person per year. In many countries, particularly developing ones, consumption is on the rise.
Ms Nestle, a professor at New York University, is both inspired by recent progress and dissatisfied with it. That is no surprise. Her first book, Food Politics, remains a bible for those who complain about the power of food companies. In her new book she attacks the industry´s most widely consumed, least healthy product. Soda Politics, she says, is a book \"to inspire readers to action\". As a rallying cry, it is verbose. When readers learn on page 238 that she will pick up a particular subject in chapter 25, it is with no little dismay that they realize they are only on chapter 17. But what the author wants most is to craft a detailed guide to the producers´ alleged violation, and how to stop them.
Ms Nestle says she would have no complaint with sweet fizzy drinks if they were sipped occasionally, as a treat. However, for millions of people in many countries, they are not. In Mexico companies sold 372 cans of fizzy drinks per person in 2012. About half of Americans do not drink them regularly, but those who do are disproportionately poor, less educated, male, Hispanic or black. 10% of Americans down more than four cans a day.
Drinking a lot of sweet fizzy drinks is plainly unhealthy. Unlike a Big Mac, they have no nutritional value; nor do their calories satisfy hunger. One large study found that for each can added to a person´s daily diet, the risk of diabetes jumped by 22%. There are also links between sugar and heart disease, stroke and cancer. Drinking lots of sodas imposes clear costs on individuals, Ms Nestle argues, but it has a broader cost, too. American taxpayers subsidize corn production and let the poor use government food vouchers to buy fizzy drinks. More important, taxpayers foot the health bill for those who develop chronic disease. 第26题
Diet drinks become unpopular in America because______. A.only poor people drink them B.they contain too much sugar C.people doubt they are unhealthy D.consumers think they are artificial
第27题
In the book Soda Politics, Marion Nestle______.
A.called for food companies to adopt some measures B.criticized the food industry and the unwise consumers C.called on consumers to take action against unhealthy food D.intended to write a detailed guide to the producers´ violation 第28题
Nestle tends to agree that drinking cola occasionally is______. A.healthy B.acceptable C.harmful
D.questionable
第29题
According to the last paragraph, having too many soda drinks ______. A.can increase the risk of death B.will inevitably lead to diabetes C.may bring the problem of obesity
D.has something to do with certain diseases 第30题
The underlined word \"foot\" (Line 6, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to______. A.pay for B.kick away C.look for D.stay away 上一题 下一题
(31~35/共20题)Section ⅡReading Comprehension Directions :
Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The past five years have been a bad time to be a taxpayer in Europe. Across the continent, governments have relied heavily on tax rises to cut budget deficits, increasing the total burden by almost 5% of GDP in France and Greece. But rather than raise taxes any further, many countries are starting to cut them. The European Commission reckons that the euro zone´s tax-to-GDP ratio stabilised in 2013 and is now falling.
In January France announced plans to cut payroll taxes by 30 billion. This month Italy unveiled income-tax cuts worth 10 billion for those earning less than 25,000 a year. This week Britain proposed tax cuts for most people on low or medium incomes. Ireland and Spain are also planning tax cuts later this year.
Lower taxes may be popular, but how are such giveaways being financed? Few countries have
the scope to borrow much more. The commission has criticised France and Spain for repeatedly missing their deficit-reduction targets, though it is not taking action against them. Italy´s high level of public debt, which hit 133% of GDP in 2013, has also landed it on the commission´s fiscal \"watch list\".
Instead, most countries plan to pay for their tax proposals with public-spending cuts. Italy says it will reduce spending by an extra 7 billion this year and save a further 2. 2 billion thanks to lower yields on its debt—though these figures may prove optimistic.
The politicians hope that lower taxes will boost growth. As euro-zone countries cannot devalue or lower their own interest rates, tax cuts are one of the few ways of trimming business costs fast, says Guillaume Menuet at Citigroup. France and Italy both hope to improve their competitiveness by reducing the tax \"wedge\" between employers´ costs and what workers actually take home. In 2012 this tax take reached nearly 50% of the payroll bill in France and Italy, against an OECD average of just 36%.
Some economists doubt that cutting income tax, Italy´s approach, is the best way forward. Instead, they favour slashing Europe´s high employer-paid social security charges, as France proposes to do. This would directly lower labour costs, encouraging companies to hire extra workers as well as to increase their investment. That would also give a welcome boost to growth. 第31题
In the past half decade, Europeans have suffered from______. A.low income B.budget deficit C.heavy revenue D.family burden 第32题
It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______. A.all domestic taxes will be cut in France soon B.tax cut may be a good news to some Britons C.most people in Italy benefit from the tax cut D.low-income people needn´t pay tax in Ireland 第33题
France and Spain have been blamed for______. A.borrowing too much debt B.failing to pay the loans back C.planning to cut domestic taxes D.being unable to reduce their deficit
第34题
According to the last paragraph, some economists______. A.prefer Italy´s approach to France´s B.favour slashing employers´ salaries C.agree to reduce the costs of employees D.reckon that cutting tax is the only way 第35题 The author´s attitude towards France´s proposal seems to be______. A.favorable
B.pessimistic C.doubtful D.biased
上一题 下一题
(36~40/共20题)Section ⅡReading Comprehension Directions :
Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Using tools doesn´t make humans, dolphins, and crows smart. Rather, it´s the stress and challenge of living with others—recognizing friend from foe, calculating who to deceive and who to befriend—that led these and other social creatures to evolve their cognitive skills. That´s the gist of the social intelligence hypothesis, an idea that´s been around since 1966. But does having to remember whose lice need picking actually improve other mental abilities, like figuring out how to open a locked box with a hunk of meat inside? A new study of four carnivores—two social and two solitary species—suggests that it does. \"They´ve taken an important issue and tested it in a simple but novel way,\" says Richard Byrne, an evolutionary psychologist at The University of St. Andrews in the United Kingdom, who was not involved in the study. \"The results are clear; The cognitive benefit from being a social carnivore does transfer\" to a mental ability that has nothing to do with being social, he says. Other researchers think the results aren´t as clear-cut. \" It is important and a valuable stepping stone in our quest to understand how intelligence evolved, but like all studies, it is one piece of a larger puzzle,\" says Sarah Benson-Amram, a zoologist at the University of Wyoming in Laramie, whose recent comparative study of 39 species of carnivores reached the opposite conclusion. Scientists devised the social intelligence hypothesis to explain the evolution of the human brain. They´ve found that most social species (from chimpanzees to social wasps) have relatively large brains and are cognitively sophisticated, adept at experiments designed to test their smarts. But some researchers argue that another factor—a challenging environment—may also stimulate cognitive evolution. If so, then more solitary species could also be large-brained and smart thanks to the ecological difficulties they face.
Other researchers concur, but with caveats. \" They did find a nice link between sociality and success\" on this task, says Evan MacLean, a comparative psychologist at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. But he wonders what type of cognition the ability to open a puzzle box actually demonstrates. \" It may be reflective of trial and error learning, insight, or just of curiosity or interest in novel objects. \"
The puzzle box is also not particularly \" ecologically relevant,\" to the carnivores, notes primatolo-gist Frans de Waal at Emory University in Atlanta, who would like to see the animals tested on some type of predator-prey task. Still, it is \" a good first step and a fresh approach to the intelligence of carnivores , a group we have neglected for too long. \" 第36题
According to the author, what doesn´t make a crow smart? A.Using wooden sticks to build nests. B.Having both friends and foes.
C.Remembering to be hospitable to others. D.Knowing whom to distrust.
第37题
By saying that \" ´the cognitive benefit from being a social carnivore does transfer´ to a mental ability that has nothing to do with being social\ A.cognitive benefits have something to do with some mental abilities B.cognitive benefits have nothing to do with some mental abilities
C.social animals can develop some mental abilities that solitary ones do not D.social animals can develop some mental abilities that are not innate 第38题
What can be inferred about Sarah Benson-Amram´s opinion? A.We have a large jigsaw puzzle to solve. B.We can piece together bigger puzzles now.
C.We tried our best to understand cognitive development. D.We should make an effort to get the big picture.
第39题
According to the passage, scientists accepting the social intelligence hypothesis maintain that______.
A.most social animals are skilled at tackling certain tasks B.hostile environments contribute to animals´ large brains C.solitary animals have larger brains than social animals D.social animals should occupy fragile habitats for evolution
第40题
What would be the best title for this article? A.Carnivores´ intelligence is underestimated. B.Good social skills make animals smarter.
C.Smarts: social animals versus solitary animals. D.Puzzle; How to solve it inside a large box. 上一题 下一题 (41~45/共5题)Part B Directions :
Read the following tert and decide whether each of the statements is true or false. Choose T if the state ment is true or F if the statement is not true. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. [A]Neighborhood
[B]The Price of the House [C]Your Financial Situation
[D]What Comes with the Home [E]How Much Property Tax You Pay [F]Home´s History [G]Annoying Factors
Buying a house is an exciting but scary step. Home ownership means making an investment in your future, but it also means committing to stay put, at least for a while. Before you make that commitment, you should ensure you are making an informed decision, and not one based on how beautiful the home is or your desire to be on your own. __41__
Just because you qualify for a loan does not necessarily mean you should take a loan. On the
other hand, if you don´t think you can qualify for a loan, you might be mistaken. When you consider buying a home, sit down with a professional—a loan counselor at your bank or a representative from the U. S. Housing and Urban Development, for instance—and discuss your options. Have tax and income documents ready, as well as a list of your expenses and a copy of your credit report. Ask the professional to help you get a good picture of your earnings, expenses and how they would change if you bought a home. __42__
A beautiful home on several acres of green yard might look appealing, but that pretty picture could be hiding problems that will cost you thousands of dollars and hours of lost sleep in the long run. You should find out as much as you can about the home before you buy. Even issues that have been repaired can give you insight into what problems you might be facing a few years down the road. Get a home inspection and carefully go over the results with your inspector. If anything in the home makes you suspicious , don´t hesitate to order another inspection from a different company. __43__
A wonderful home isn´t much good if it is in a terrible area, so find out as much as you can about the environment before you buy. Talk to potential neighbors about any issues the area has been facing, and check to see if there is a community association or club. Scan newspaper police blotters to see if there is a large amount of crime in the area, and interview principals and teachers at the area schools, if you have children. The aesthetic appearance of the community is also important. You probably would not want to move into a home where yours is the only house on the street that is not falling down. __44__
It is customary for home owners to leave some major appliances, like the refrigerator and dishwasher, when they leave the home, but if you see anything else that you like, check if it is for sale. Some sellers won´t mind throwing their furniture or decorations in with the home since they are moving anyway. Also, confirm the land boundaries and whether outdoor structures, like portable sheds and above-ground pools, will be included before you sign on the dotted line. __45__
Every home has its drawbacks: the third step creaks, or the neighbor´s cat likes to lounge on your porch. Even if you are moving to a brand-new home, there are bound to be some unpleasant factors about your new home and your new location. However, try your hardest before you buy your home to know the difference between small unpleasant issues and deal breakers. Visit the home you are planning to buy as many times as you can; stay overnight if possible. Look for anything that would bother you on a daily basis, and if you find something, look for another home. 第41题 第42题 第43题 第44题 第45题
上一题 下一题 (1/1)Part C
Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into
Chinese. (10 points)
第46题
American workers have had no news this good for years. In June employers added 288,000 jobs, bringing the total for the year to 1. 4 million, the best six-month stretch since 2006. Unemployment has sunk to 6. 1%, the lowest rate in almost six years. It could hit levels long regarded as \"full employment\" within a year. Help-wanted signs are exploding, with vacancies up by 20% since January.
Such a prosperous labour market is usually the token of a booming economy. Not now. In the first quarter gross domestic product fell by 2. 9% at an annual rate, the worst showing since the recession. This was a result in part of bad weather. Yet the second quarter will only be strong enough to make up the ground lost in the first. Economists had thought 2014 would be the best year since the recession; with growth in the first half of around zero, it is shaping up to be the worst. _______________ 上一题 下一题 (1/1)Section Writing Part A
第47题
Suppose the Student´s Union in your department is holding an end-of-semester party on July 11. Write an invitation letter to Mr. Black, the dean, and invite him to join you. Let him know the time and place and what he is expected to do at the party. You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your name. Use \"Li Ming\" instead. Do not write the address. ( 10 points) ____________
上一题 下一题 (1/1)Part B 第48题
Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should 1) interpret the chart, and 2) give your comments.
You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points) 图片
_______________上一题 交卷 交卷 答题卡 答案及解析
(1~20/共20题)Section ⅠUse of English Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Warren Buffett, who will host Berkshire Hathaway´s annual shareholders´ meeting on May 3rd, is an icon of American capitalism. At 83, he also epitomizes a striking demographic__1__: for highly skilled people to go on working well into__2__was once thought to be old age. Across the rich world,well-educated people__3__work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men
aged 62-74 with a professional degree are in the__4__, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. In the European Union the pattern is similar.
This__5__is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated__6__and the unskilled poor that is slicing__7__all age groups. Rapid innovation has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while__8__those of the unskilled. Those at the top are working longer hours each year than those at the bottom.__9__the well-qualified are extending their working lives, compared with those of less-educated people. The__10__, for individuals and society,are profound.
The world is on the__11__rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before.__12__the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600m to 1.1 billion. The__13__of the 20th century, when greater longevity translated into more years in retirement__14__more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will__15__slower economic growth and \"secular stagnation\" , while the__16__ranks of pensioners will bust government budgets.
But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the__17__old misses a new trend, the__18__gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people,__19__older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers are__20__retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce. 第1题 A.sight B.trend C.sign D.track
参考答案： B 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 名词辨析题。[A]sight视野；[B]trend趋势；[C]sign标志；[D]track轨道。demographic一词表示“人口的，人口统计的”，可与之形成搭配的名词为“trend”，其余选项均无法与之搭配，故本题选择[B]。 第2题 A.what B.that C.when D.where
参考答案： A 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 语法结构题。into为介词，后面的从句为“介宾结构”的宾语从句，四个选项中，that一般不放在介词后引导宾语从句，故[B]可以排除。而本空中填入的词不仅仅引导宾语从句，还要在从句中充当主语，显然when与where这两个词无法充当主语，故排除[C][D]，唯一符合语法要求的选项为[A]。 第3题
A.decreasingly B.incidentally C.desperately D.increasingly
参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 副词辨析题。[A]decreasingly越来越少地；[B]incidentally偶然地；[C]desperately
绝望地；[D]increasingly越来越多地。文章上句说“高技术人才在步入老年之后仍然继续工作。”该句接着说：well-educated people 3 work longer than the less-skilled.由于没有出现转折词，故判断前后两句表达的意思相近。上一句的working well明显是正向词汇，故该空也应填入正向词汇，唯有[D]符合条件，故本题选择[D]。 第4题 A.house B.college C.workforce D.retirement
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 词汇辨析题。[A]house房子；[B]college大学；[C]workforce劳动力；[D]retirement退休。该句紧接上一句讨论，通过数据对比强调越来越多的老年人继续工作，前两句反复出现“work”一词，故该空填入workforce，in the workforce表示“在工作”。故本题选择[C]。 第5题 A.gap
B.similarity C.concept
D.phenomenon
参考答案： A 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 词汇辨析题。[A]gap差距；[B]similarity相似；[C]concept概念；[D]phenomenon现象。上文提到In the European Union the pattern is similar.该空有可能填入similarity，但是读完整个句子可知，第二段首句讨论的是之前关于受过高等教育群体和缺乏技能群体的对比，与上一段的最后一句关系不大，故排除[B]项。本句内其实有答案提示，因为本句为主系表结构，在主系表结构中，主语等同于表语。原文说：This 5 is part of a deepening divide…该空为主语，表语为part of a deepening divide，其中divide表示“分歧，差异”，与“gap”一词同义，故[A]为正确答案。另外，该题与最后一段的the gap between也遥相呼应。 第6题 A.healthy B.well-off C.bright D.elderly
参考答案： B 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 形容词辨析题。[A]healthy健康的；[B]well-off富裕的；[C]bright聪明的；[D]elderly年老的。原文说：divide between the well-educated 6 and the unskilled poor.大意为“受过高等教育的______与缺乏技能的穷人之间的差距。”虽然该句出现了and一词，但由divide一词可知该处强调对比，而非同义。文中well-educated与unskilled对立，本空自然与poor对立，应填入poor的对立面，即其反义词。选项[B]well-off=wealthy或rich，表示“富裕的”，符合要求，故本题选择[B]。 第7题 A.into B.among C.from D.through
参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 介词辨析题。[A]slice into表示“切成”；[B]among与slice不搭配；[C]slice from表示“从……切开，割掉”；[D]slice through表示“割穿”，在文章中表示“深入，遍布”，slicing through all age groups表示“深入／遍布各个年龄层”。故本题答案为[D]。 第8题 A.declining B.squeezing C.depressing D.suppressing
参考答案： B 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 动词辨析题。文章不断强调受过高等教育的人和缺乏技能的人之间的差距，该句继续表达这样的观点：Rapid innovation has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while 8those of the unskilled.其中while一词表示“而”，强调比较、对比，故前后的内容应该对立相反，也就是说上下文会出现反义词。上文说“快速的创新提高了高技术群体的收入”，其中raise“提高”为关键词，该空对应填入相反的词，肯定是“降低”之类的词。选项[A]declining“下降”，该项看似正确，但是decline表示“下降”时为不及物动词，故排除该项。[C]depressing强调“压抑，使沮丧”，与收入不搭配；[D]suppressing强调“镇压”，显然也与收入不搭，故排除这两项。[B]squeezing表示“挤压，压榨”，符合语义，故本题答案为[B]。 第9题 A.And B.But C.So D.Even
参考答案： A 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 逻辑关系题。原文说：Those at the top are working longer hours each year than those at the bottom.9 the well-qualified are extending their working lives，compared with those of less-educated people.上句those at the top=下句the well-qualified；working longer hours=extending their working lives；上下句为明显的并列关系。选项中唯有[A]And表并列，[B]But表转折，[C]So表因果，[D]Even表递进。故[A]正确。 第10题 A.reasons B.substances C.consequences D.causes
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 词汇辨析题。[A]reasons理由；[B]substances物质，实质；[C]consequences结果；[D]causes原因，事业。原文说：The 10，for individuals and society，are profound.大意是“对于个人和社会来说，______影响深远。”将四个选项分别代入，符合语境的只有“consequences”，故本题选择[C]。consequences还有“影响”的意思。 第11题
A.interesting B.exaggerating C.unsurprising D.staggering
参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 形容词辨析题。[A]interesting有趣的；[B]exaggerating夸张的；[C]unsurprising不令人惊讶的；[D]staggering大得惊人的，令人吃惊的。原文说：The world is on the 11 rise in the number of old people.下文又说全球老年人口几乎将会翻倍，说明世界老年人口增长速度很快，符合句意且能够与rise形成搭配的只有[D]，staggering rise表示“惊人的增长”。 第12题 A.Over B.About C.On D.Until
参考答案： A 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 介词辨析题。首先[C]On与year不搭配，可以排除[C]。[A]Over the next 20 years表示“在未来20年内”，over+时间表示“在一段时间内”，该项符合语义。而[B]About代入表示“大约未来20年”；[D]Until代入表示“直到未来20年”，这两项可以搭配，但不符合语义，故排除，本题选择[A]。 第13题 A.result B.example C.experience D.past
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 词汇辨析题。[A]result结果；[B]example例子；[C]experience经验，经历；[D]past过去。原文说“根据20世纪的______来看”；把四个选项一一代入，最符合语义的是experience“经验”一词，其余选项代入均不通顺，故本题选择[C]。 第14题
A.apart from B.rather than C.in spite of D.regardless of
参考答案： B 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 词组辨析题。[A]apart from除了；[B]rather than而不是；[C]in spite of尽管；[D]regardless of不管，不顾。原文说：greater longevity translated into more years in retirement 14 more years at work…“更长的寿命转化为更长的退休时间______更长的工作时间”：很明显，将选项代入只有rather than能够使句意通顺，故本题选择[B]。 第15题 A.turn to B.lean to C.tend to D.lead to
参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 词组辨析题。[A]turn to转向；[B]lean to偏向，倾向；[C]tend to倾向；[D]lead to导致。首先，选项[B][C]都有“倾向”的意思，可以共同排除。本句说：this shift will15 slower economic growth.大意是“这种转变将______经济增长缓慢。”显然lead to符合语义，故[D]为正确答案。 第16题
A.decaying B.crawling C.swelling D.fading
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 词汇辨析题。本题选项[A]decaying和[D]fading都有“衰退”之意，可以同时排除。答案锁定在[B]crawling“爬行”和[C]swelling“膨胀，增大，增多”。该段整段都在讲述老年人口增加，该空为重复信息，其中下文的ranks of pensioners指“领养老金的群体”，也就是老年人，故得知该空应填入“多”这样的词才符合整段话的语境，故本题选择[C]。 第17题 A.idle B.rich C.tired D.lazy
参考答案： A 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 形容词辨析题。[A]idle闲置的，懒散的；[B]rich富裕的；[C]tired劳累的；[D]lazy懒惰的。本句的division between the working young and the 17 old强调年轻人与老年人的对比，young与old对立，该空自然与working“工作的”对立，应填入working的反义词。选项中idle符合要求，表示“闲置的，懒散的，不工作的”；而lazy一词强调本身“懒惰的”，并没有强调“闲散、无工作”，故[A]为正确答案。 第18题 A.narrow B.growing C.limited D.vital
参考答案： B 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 形容词辨析题。[A]narrow狭窄的；[B]growing增长的；[C]limited有限的；[D]vital重要的。文章第二段首句就提到：This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor...本句再次提到：the 18 gap between the skilled and the unskilled.由于gap=divide，故该空=deepening“加深的”；且上文出现的sharp division中，sharp“尖锐的”也是提示词。与这些词最接近的选项为growing，故本题选择[B]。 第19题 A.since B.before C.whereas D.although
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 逻辑关系题。Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people， 19 older skilled folk are working longer.该句大意为“缺乏技能的年轻人就业率在下降，______高技术老年人才却工作得越来越久。”根据该空前后信息得知，本句强调比较、对比的逻辑关系。选项[A]since强调时间或原因；[B]before强调时间；[C]whereas强调比较；[D]although强调让步。故只有[C]符合逻辑。 第20题 A.giving up
B.going against C.driving away D.putting off
参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 词组辨析题。[A]giving up放弃；[B]going against反对；[C]driving away驱赶，赶走；[D]putting off推迟。上文说：older skilled folk are working longer；该句说：well-educated baby-boomers are 20 retirement。其中，skilled=well-educated；older folk=baby-boomers；故本题 20 retirement=working longer。显然，“工作得更久”等同于“推迟退休”。而“放弃退休”和“反对退休”相比之下不太符合逻辑与表达习惯，故本题选择[D]。 下一题
(21~25/共20题)Section ⅡReading Comprehension Directions :
Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
What has been described as the largest ever ransomware attack—a cyber criminal scheme that locks up computer files until victims pay a ransom—holds the paradoxical distinction of being both an outrageous success (in terms of its blast radius) as well as an abject failure (in terms of its haul). The malicious software spread so far and wide, jammed up so many IT networks and generated so much panic and chaos that the wrongdoers effectively undid themselves.
On May 12, the world awoke to the beginnings of hundreds of thousands of old Microsoft Windows based computers´ seizing up as they subjected to a malicious software, appropriately called WannaCry. Within hours, the digital epidemic circled the globe like the Spanish flu, infecting machines running outdated operating systems in some 150 countries, spreading across numerous homes and corporate networks. The attack, which relied on powerful tools believed to have been developed by the NSA and leaked online in April by a group of hackers known as the Shadow Brokers, wormed its way through businesses, hospitals and governments, all of which found themselves suddenly locked out of their own systems. Researchers detected the wave quickly, and it wasn´t long before they picked up on the criminals´ self-defeating mistakes. The attackers failed to assign each victim a separate Bitcoin wallet , researchers noted, a critical error that meant they would not be able to easily track ransom payments. They neglected to automate the money collection in a way that would scale. And then there was the matter of the kill switch.
No one is quite certain why the attackers coded a self-destruct button into their software, yet that´s precisely what they did. Marcus Hutchins, a 22-year-old security researcher based in England who goes by MalwareTech, stumbled on the power plug largely by accident. After taking lunch on that Friday afternoon, he inspected the malware and noticed a specific web address encoded within. Curious, he registered the domain for less than $ 11. This simple act stopped the malware, killing the virus´ ability to spread and buying time for organizations to upgrade their software and deploy protections. 第21题
The ransomware attack has been considered a victory because it______. A.cancels a number of computer files B.successfully blackmails many users C.affects numerous users worldwide
D.causes panic and chaos at local
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。根据题干关键词ransomware attack定位到第一段第一行，根据第二个关键词victory定位到第三行success，题干的because=原文括号里的in terms of“根据，就……而言”，答案即blast radius“爆炸半径，波及范围”一词。故“这次勒索软件攻击被认为是一次胜利”是因为其“波及范围广泛”，原文第四行The malicious software spread so far and wide…一句也是答案提示。选项中与“波及范围广泛”同义替换的是[C]affects numerous users worldwide“影响了全世界范围的许多用户”。选项[A]来自第二行locks up computer files，原文说的是“锁住电脑文件”，而不是“删除电脑文件”，属于偷换概念。选项[B]successfully blackmails many users“成功勒索许多用户”文章并没提到，属于无中生有。选项[D]causes panic and chaos来自原文第四、五行generated so much panic and chaos，而该项中的at local“在当地”属于无中生有，而且与答案“波及范围广泛”完全相反，故排除该项。综上，本题答案为[C]。 第22题
According to Paragraph 2, which of the following is true about WannaCry? A.It spread only through domestic networks. B.It was a software developed by the NSA. C.It infected computers in few countries.
D.It was deliberately created by some hackers. 参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。根据题干关键词WannaCry定位到第二段第三行。实际上该段的malicious software，digital epidemic，the attack这些词都是指WannaCry这一勒索软件。选项[A]来自the digital epidemic…spreading across numerous homes and corporate networks一句，该项的only through domestic networks过于绝对，而且是原文的片面表述，故该项错误。选项[B]来自The attack，which relied on powerful tools believed to have been developed by the NSA…其中developed by the NSA修饰的是tools，而不是the attack(即WannaCry恶意软件)，故该项属于偷换概念。选项[C]来自the digital epidemic…infecting machines running outdated operating systems in some 150 countries，其中some 150 countries意思是“大约150个国家”，而该项变成few countries，否定了原文意思。选项[D]对应原文The attack…leaked online in April by a group of hackers一句，其中the attack指WannaCry，leaked online=deliberately created，by a group of hackers=by some hackers，该项与原文形成同义替换，故[D]为本题答案。 第23题
Researchers held that the attack was______. A.critical B.flawless C.defective D.invulnerable
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 观点题。根据题干关键词researchers定位到第三段。其中researchers held=researchers noted，the attack=the attackers，故答案句为：The attackers failed to assign each victim a separate Bitcoin wallet…其中关键词为failed to“未能够”这一明显的负面词汇；原文的self-defeating mistakes，a critical error也是明显提示，这些词都体现出这次“攻击”是有缺陷的。四个选项分别为：[A]critical“批评的”；[B]flawless“完美的，无瑕疵的”；[C]defective“有缺陷的，不完美的”；[D]invulnerable“无懈可击的”。故本题答案为[C]。
第24题
Marcus Hutchins prevented the malware from spreading by______. A.pushing the self-destruct button in the software B.purchasing its domain name accidentally C.pulling the power plug found by chance D.finding its web address intentionally 参考答案： B 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。根据题干关键词Marcus Hutchins定位到最后一段第二行。根据prevented the malware from spreading定位到该段倒数第三行：This simple act stopped the malware，killing the virus’ability to spread…题干问“通过什么方法阻止恶意软件”，原文说“这一简单举措阻止了这个恶意软件”，显然“这一简单举措”指代的内容即为答案。故答案句为上一句：Curious，he registered the domain for less than $11.与该句相符的选项是[B]purchasing its domain name accidentally；其中purchasing=registered…for less than $11，domain name=domain，accidentally=上文提到的by accident。选项[A]pushing the self-destruct button与选项[C]pulling the power plug都是无中生有。选项[D]finding its web address=原文noticed a specific web address，而intentionally“故意”一词与原文by accident“偶然”不符，故该项错误。综上，本题选择[B]。 第25题
The most suitable title for the text is______. A.An Unsuccessful Malware Attack B.Cyber Crime: Hard to Prevent C.A Widespread Computer Virus
D.WannaCry: New Malicious Software 参考答案： A 您的答案： B
答案解析： 主旨题。本题需综合各段首句。第一段首句提到ransomware attack，an abject failure 等关键词；第二段首句提到malicious software，WannaCry等关键词；第三段首句出现the criminals’self-defeating mistakes这一关键词：第四段首句出现the attackers，self-destruct button等关键词。文章讨论WannaCry恶意软件攻击，从首段就指出它既是一次成功，也是一次失败，尤其第三、四段着重讨论该软件的缺陷，其中abject failure，self-defeating mistakes，self-destruct都是明显提示。故[A]与原文主旨最接近，其中unsuccessful=failure，self-defeating mistakes，self-destruct等词。选项[B]cyber crime强调“网络犯罪”，而非“恶意软件”，故排除。选项[C]computer virus强调“电脑病毒”，[D]malicious software强调“恶意软件”，但都没体现failure这一关键词，故排除。综上，[A]为本题答案。 上一题 下一题
(26~30/共20题)Section ⅡReading Comprehension Directions :
Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Marion Nestle´s heavyweight criticism against Coca-Cola and PepsiCo comes at an odd moment for the industry. Americans are drinking fewer sugary sodas—in 2012 production was 23% below what it had been a decade earlier. Even sales of diet drinks are losing their fizz, as consumers question the merits of artificial sweeteners. From one angle, it would seem that health advocates such as Ms Nestle have won. Yet in America companies still produce 30 gallons of regular fizzy drinks per person per year. In many countries, particularly developing ones, consumption is on
the rise.
Ms Nestle, a professor at New York University, is both inspired by recent progress and dissatisfied with it. That is no surprise. Her first book, Food Politics, remains a bible for those who complain about the power of food companies. In her new book she attacks the industry´s most widely consumed, least healthy product. Soda Politics, she says, is a book \"to inspire readers to action\". As a rallying cry, it is verbose. When readers learn on page 238 that she will pick up a particular subject in chapter 25, it is with no little dismay that they realize they are only on chapter 17. But what the author wants most is to craft a detailed guide to the producers´ alleged violation, and how to stop them.
Ms Nestle says she would have no complaint with sweet fizzy drinks if they were sipped occasionally, as a treat. However, for millions of people in many countries, they are not. In Mexico companies sold 372 cans of fizzy drinks per person in 2012. About half of Americans do not drink them regularly, but those who do are disproportionately poor, less educated, male, Hispanic or black. 10% of Americans down more than four cans a day.
Drinking a lot of sweet fizzy drinks is plainly unhealthy. Unlike a Big Mac, they have no nutritional value; nor do their calories satisfy hunger. One large study found that for each can added to a person´s daily diet, the risk of diabetes jumped by 22%. There are also links between sugar and heart disease, stroke and cancer. Drinking lots of sodas imposes clear costs on individuals, Ms Nestle argues, but it has a broader cost, too. American taxpayers subsidize corn production and let the poor use government food vouchers to buy fizzy drinks. More important, taxpayers foot the health bill for those who develop chronic disease. 第26题
Diet drinks become unpopular in America because______. A.only poor people drink them B.they contain too much sugar C.people doubt they are unhealthy D.consumers think they are artificial
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。根据diet drinks定位到首段第三、四行：Even sales of diet drinks are losing their fizz，as consumers question the merits of artificial sweeteners.其中losing their fizz指“失去活力”，等于题干become unpopular“不受欢迎”，故答案句为：consumers question the merits of artificial sweeteners“消费者质疑人工甜味剂的好处。”与之相符的选项为[C]people doubt they are unhealthy“人们怀疑膳食饮料不健康。”其中doubt=question；the merits of artificial sweeteners暗示unhealthy“不健康”。选项[A]only poor people drink them“只有穷人饮用膳食饮料”；[B]they contain too much sugar“膳食饮料含糖过多”；[D]consumers think they are artificial“消费者认为膳食饮料是人工食品”，这三项均无法与答案句同义替换。故本题选择[C]。 第27题
In the book Soda Politics, Marion Nestle______.
A.called for food companies to adopt some measures B.criticized the food industry and the unwise consumers C.called on consumers to take action against unhealthy food D.intended to write a detailed guide to the producers´ violation 参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。根据关键词Soda Politics定位到第二段：Soda Politics，she says，is a book “to inspire readers to action”，其中she指代Marion Nestle，故答案句为：to inspire readers to action“激励读者采取行动”。该句上一句提到：In her new book she attacks the industry’s most widely consumed，least healthy product.综合两句我们知道Marion Nestle鼓励读者对不健康食品采取行动。选项[A]called for food companies to adopt some measures“号召食品公司采取一些措施”；该项与答案句inspire readers to action毫无关系，文章强调读者／消费者采取行动，而非食品公司，该项属于偷换概念。[B]criticized the food industry and the unwise consumers“批判食品行业和不明智的消费者”：文章提到she attacks the industry’s most widely consumed，least healthy product，但是并没有提到Nestle批判消费者，后半句纯属无中生有。[C]called on consumers to take action against unhealthy food“呼吁消费者对不健康食品采取行动”；该项与答案句inspire readers to action相符。其中called on“呼吁”=inspire“鼓励”；consumers“消费者”=readers“读者”；take action“采取行动”：action“行动”。故该项表述正确。[D]intended to write a detailed guide to the producers’violation“打算写下有关生产商过失的详细指南”；该项与答案句无关，故排除。综上本题选择[C]。 第28题
Nestle tends to agree that drinking cola occasionally is______. A.healthy B.acceptable C.harmful
D.questionable
参考答案： B 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 观点题。根据Nestle，drinking cola，occasionally等关键词定位到第三段首句：Ms Nestle says she would have no complaint with sweet fizzy drinks if they were sipped occasionally，as a treat.其中，fizzy drinks指“碳酸饮料”，等于题干cola“可乐”；sipped“小口喝”=drinking“喝”；occasionally为原词复现。本题考查人物观点，要注意该人物所说的话，该题答案句为：Ms Nestle says she would have no complaint…，have no complaint“不抱怨”=[B]acceptable“可接受的”。选项[A]healthy“健康的”；[C]harmful“有害的”；[D]questionable“有问题的”；这三项均无法与have no complaint同义替换。故本题答案为[B]。 第29题
According to the last paragraph, having too many soda drinks ______. A.can increase the risk of death B.will inevitably lead to diabetes C.may bring the problem of obesity
D.has something to do with certain diseases 参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。定位到最后一段首句：Drinking a lot of sweet fizzy drinks is plainly unhealthy.其中a lot of=too many：fizzy drinks=soda drinks。故答案关键词为plainly unhealthy“显然不健康”。而更加完整的答案来自第三、四两句：One large study found that for each can added to a person’s daily diet，the risk of diabetes jumped by 22％.There are also links between sugar and heart disease.stroke and cancer.这两句明确指出喝太多碳酸饮料导致患糖尿病几率上升，而且摄入过多糖分与心脏病、中风和癌症有关联。故答案为[D]has something to do with certain diseases“与某些疾病有关系”。选项[A]can increase the risk of death“可能增加死亡的风险”；文章说the risk of diabetes jumped“患糖尿病风险增大”，该项属于过分夸大。[B]will inevitably lead to diabetes“势必引发糖尿病”；inevitably“不可避免地”一词过于绝对，原
文说的是“患糖尿病风险增加22％”。[C]may bring the problem of obesity“可能造成肥胖症”；该项的obesity“肥胖症”一词在文中并没有出现。综上[D]正确。 第30题
The underlined word \"foot\" (Line 6, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to______. A.pay for B.kick away C.look for D.stay away
参考答案： A 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 语义题。定位到最后两句。其中more important表示递进逻辑，说明前后两句方向一致，推断两个句子应该会出现同义词复现。本题答案句范围为：American taxpayers subsidize corn production and let the poor use government food vouchers to buy fizzy drinks.More important，taxpayers foot the health bill for those who develop chronic disease.可以推断，taxpayers foot the health bill=taxpayers subsidize；故推断foot=subsidize“资助”。选项[A]pay for“为……付钱，负担……的费用”；[B]kick away“踢开”；[C]look for“寻找”；[D]stay away “远离”。显然，与subsidize意思相关的只有[A]，将其代入原文，pay for the bill表示“买单，付款”，完全符合语境，故该题答案为[A]。 上一题 下一题
(31~35/共20题)Section ⅡReading Comprehension Directions :
Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
The past five years have been a bad time to be a taxpayer in Europe. Across the continent, governments have relied heavily on tax rises to cut budget deficits, increasing the total burden by almost 5% of GDP in France and Greece. But rather than raise taxes any further, many countries are starting to cut them. The European Commission reckons that the euro zone´s tax-to-GDP ratio stabilised in 2013 and is now falling.
In January France announced plans to cut payroll taxes by 30 billion. This month Italy unveiled income-tax cuts worth 10 billion for those earning less than 25,000 a year. This week Britain proposed tax cuts for most people on low or medium incomes. Ireland and Spain are also planning tax cuts later this year.
Lower taxes may be popular, but how are such giveaways being financed? Few countries have the scope to borrow much more. The commission has criticised France and Spain for repeatedly missing their deficit-reduction targets, though it is not taking action against them. Italy´s high level of public debt, which hit 133% of GDP in 2013, has also landed it on the commission´s fiscal \"watch list\".
Instead, most countries plan to pay for their tax proposals with public-spending cuts. Italy says it will reduce spending by an extra 7 billion this year and save a further 2. 2 billion thanks to lower yields on its debt—though these figures may prove optimistic.
The politicians hope that lower taxes will boost growth. As euro-zone countries cannot devalue or lower their own interest rates, tax cuts are one of the few ways of trimming business costs fast, says Guillaume Menuet at Citigroup. France and Italy both hope to improve their competitiveness by reducing the tax \"wedge\" between employers´ costs and what workers actually take home. In 2012 this tax take reached nearly 50% of the payroll bill in France and Italy, against an OECD
average of just 36%.
Some economists doubt that cutting income tax, Italy´s approach, is the best way forward. Instead, they favour slashing Europe´s high employer-paid social security charges, as France proposes to do. This would directly lower labour costs, encouraging companies to hire extra workers as well as to increase their investment. That would also give a welcome boost to growth. 第31题
In the past half decade, Europeans have suffered from______. A.low income B.budget deficit C.heavy revenue D.family burden
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。根据题干in the past half decade“在过去5年”定位到首段第一句：the past five years，再根据Europeans一词定位到首段首句的Europe，确定答案来源为第一段。而首句仅仅帮助我们定位，具体答案来自下一句：Across the continent，governments have relied heavily on tax rises to cut budget deficits.“在整个欧洲，政府严重依靠税收增长来减少预算赤字。”由此可以知道第一句提到“过去5年对于欧洲纳税人来说是一段艰难的时光”的原因，是“税收增长”，即[C]项heavy revenue“繁重的税收”。[B]budget deficit是迷惑选项，定位句中Across the continent，governments have relied heavily on tax rises to cut budget deficits，出现了[B]选项，财政赤字是政府遭遇的状况，而欧洲人面临的是繁重的税收。 第32题
It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______. A.all domestic taxes will be cut in France soon B.tax cut may be a good news to some Britons C.most people in Italy benefit from the tax cut D.low-income people needn´t pay tax in Ireland 参考答案： B 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 推理题。定位到第二段。选项[A]all domestic taxes，soon等词过于肯定，从该段第一句提到France的句子中未能推断出来，故该项错误。选项[B]对应该段第三句，该句提到“英国提议减少大多数中低收入人群的税收”，故该项推理“减税对于一些英国人来说是好消息”是正确的。选项[C]对应第二句，该句指出：意大利为年薪低于2.5万欧元的人减税，但是有多少人并不知道，故该项的most people benefit无法推断出来，该项错误。选项[D]对应最后一句，原文只是提到爱尔兰计划减税，并没有提到针对哪些群体，故该项错误。综上，答案为[B]。 第33题
France and Spain have been blamed for______. A.borrowing too much debt B.failing to pay the loans back C.planning to cut domestic taxes D.being unable to reduce their deficit 参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 细节题。根据题干France and Spain，blamed for等词定位到第三段第三句：The commission has criticised France and Spain for repeatedly missing their deficit-reduction targets，though it is not taking action against them.其中blamed=criticised；而原文for之后的内容就是
答案来源句，即repeatedly missing their deficit-reduction targets“一次又一次未达到减少赤字的目标”，与之相等的选项是[D]，其中being unable to=missing；reduce their deficit=their deficit-reduction targets；故[D]为正确答案。 第34题
According to the last paragraph, some economists______. A.prefer Italy´s approach to France´s B.favour slashing employers´ salaries C.agree to reduce the costs of employees D.reckon that cutting tax is the only way
参考答案： C 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 细节题。定位到最后一段前两句：Some economists doubt that cutting income tax，Italy’s approach，is the best way forward.Instead，they favour slashing Europe’s high employer-paid social security charges，as France proposes to do.选项[A]prefer Italy’s approach to France与they favour…as France proposes to do相悖，这些经济学家赞同法国的提议，而非意大利。故选项[A]是错误的。选项[B]favour slashing employers’salaries“赞同减少雇主工资”与原文they favour slashing…employer-paid social security“他们赞同减少雇主支付的社会保险”不符，故错误。选项[C]agree to reduce the costs of employees“赞同降低员工成本”与they favour slashing…social security.This would directly lower labour costs一句相符，故正确。选项[D]对应首句Some economists doubt that cutting income tax…，对于减税这些经济学家持怀疑态度，而非“认为减税是唯一手段”，故[D]项错误。该题答案为[C]。 第35题 The author´s attitude towards France´s proposal seems to be______. A.favorable B.pessimistic C.doubtful D.biased
参考答案： A 您的答案： 未作答 答案解析： 态度题。根据France’s proposal定位到最后一段最后两句：...as France proposes to do.This would directly lower labour costs，encouraging companies to hire extra workers as well as to increase their investment.That would also give a welcome boost to growth.这两句话可以表明作者态度，其中directly lower labour costs“直接降低劳动力成本”，encouraging companies“鼓励企业”，increase their investment“增加投资”，和give a welcome boost to growth“大大促进增长”这些信息都在表明作者对于法国提议的态度，是积极、认可的，故[A]favorable“赞同的”为答案。 上一题 下一题
(36~40/共20题)Section ⅡReading Comprehension Directions :
Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. Using tools doesn´t make humans, dolphins, and crows smart. Rather, it´s the stress and challenge of living with others—recognizing friend from foe, calculating who to deceive and who to befriend—that led these and other social creatures to evolve their cognitive skills. That´s the gist of the social intelligence hypothesis, an idea that´s been around since 1966. But does having to remember whose lice need picking actually improve other mental abilities, like figuring out
how to open a locked box with a hunk of meat inside? A new study of four carnivores—two social and two solitary species—suggests that it does. \"They´ve taken an important issue and tested it in a simple but novel way,\" says Richard Byrne, an evolutionary psychologist at The University of St. Andrews in the United Kingdom, who was not involved in the study. \"The results are clear; The cognitive benefit from being a social carnivore does transfer\" to a mental ability that has nothing to do with being social, he says. Other researchers think the results aren´t as clear-cut. \" It is important and a valuable stepping stone in our quest to understand how intelligence evolved, but like all studies, it is one piece of a larger puzzle,\" says Sarah Benson-Amram, a zoologist at the University of Wyoming in Laramie, whose recent comparative study of 39 species of carnivores reached the opposite conclusion. Scientists devised the social intelligence hypothesis to explain the evolution of the human brain. They´ve found that most social species (from chimpanzees to social wasps) have relatively large brains and are cognitively sophisticated, adept at experiments designed to test their smarts. But some researchers argue that another factor—a challenging environment—may also stimulate cognitive evolution. If so, then more solitary species could also be large-brained and smart thanks to the ecological difficulties they face.
Other researchers concur, but with caveats. \" They did find a nice link between sociality and success\" on this task, says Evan MacLean, a comparative psychologist at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. But he wonders what type of cognition the ability to open a puzzle box actually demonstrates. \" It may be reflective of trial and error learning, insight, or just of curiosity or interest in novel objects. \"
The puzzle box is also not particularly \" ecologically relevant,\" to the carnivores, notes primatolo-gist Frans de Waal at Emory University in Atlanta, who would like to see the animals tested on some type of predator-prey task. Still, it is \" a good first step and a fresh approach to the intelligence of carnivores , a group we have neglected for too long. \"
第36题
According to the author, what doesn´t make a crow smart? A.Using wooden sticks to build nests. B.Having both friends and foes.
C.Remembering to be hospitable to others. D.Knowing whom to distrust.
参考答案： A 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。由题干定位到文章第一段第一句话“使用工具并不能使人类、海豚和乌鸦变得聪明”，与[A]“使用木枝来建造鸟巢”是同样的意思。其他三个选项的意思分别为[B]“既有朋友，也有敌人”，[C]“记得对别人友善”和[D]“知道不能信任谁”，均不符合题意。 第37题
By saying that \" ´the cognitive benefit from being a social carnivore does transfer´ to a mental ability that has nothing to do with being social\ A.cognitive benefits have something to do with some mental abilities B.cognitive benefits have nothing to do with some mental abilities
C.social animals can develop some mental abilities that solitary ones do not D.social animals can develop some mental abilities that are not innate 参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。由题干定位到文章第二段。“作为社会性食肉动物，其认知益处的确可以转化成一种智力，而这种智力与其群居动物的身份毫无关系。”[D]“社会性动物可以形成一些非与生俱来的智力”，此句即为这段话的主要含义。 第38题
What can be inferred about Sarah Benson-Amram´s opinion? A.We have a large jigsaw puzzle to solve. B.We can piece together bigger puzzles now.
C.We tried our best to understand cognitive development. D.We should make an effort to get the big picture.
参考答案： D 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 推断题。根据题干Sarah Benson-Amram定位到文章第三段。“这个成果奠定了一个重要且很有价值的基础。但是同所有的研究一样，这项研究只是拼图中的一小块”。[A]中jigsaw“拼图玩具”不符合题意，这只是一种比喻手法。[C]“我们尽全力去理解认知能力的发展”是事实，并不是由此而推断出的信息，不符合题意。[D]“我们应该尽力去了解全局”，而不能只见树木不见森林，这正是Sarah的观点。 第39题
According to the passage, scientists accepting the social intelligence hypothesis maintain that______.
A.most social animals are skilled at tackling certain tasks B.hostile environments contribute to animals´ large brains C.solitary animals have larger brains than social animals D.social animals should occupy fragile habitats for evolution
参考答案： A 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 细节题。文章第四段第二句活说到“他们发现，大多数的社会性物种都有着相对较大的脑容量，在认知能力上表现得老练，并且能熟练地通过用来检测它们智力的实验。”[A]“大多数社会性动物擅长解决某些特定任务”。 第40题
What would be the best title for this article? A.Carnivores´ intelligence is underestimated. B.Good social skills make animals smarter.
C.Smarts: social animals versus solitary animals. D.Puzzle; How to solve it inside a large box.
参考答案： B 您的答案： 未作答
答案解析： 主旨题。文章开宗明义，认为相互交往是让动物变得更聪明的重要原因。后续段落则通过举例子、采访专家等形式进一步阐述社会性群居动物所拥有的“益智”优势。选项[B]最为贴切地概括了文章的中心思想，所以是正确答案。 上一题 下一题 (41~45/共5题)Part B Directions :
Read the following tert and decide whether each of the statements is true or false. Choose T if the state ment is true or F if the statement is not true. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. [A]Neighborhood
[B]The Price of the House [C]Your Financial Situation
[D]What Comes with the Home [E]How Much Property Tax You Pay [F]Home´s History [G]Annoying Factors
Buying a house is an exciting but scary step. Home ownership means making an investment in your future, but it also means committing to stay put, at least for a while. Before you make that commitment, you should ensure you are making an informed decision, and not one based on how beautiful the home is or your desire to be on your own. __41__
Just because you qualify for a loan does not necessarily mean you should take a loan. On the other hand, if you don´t think you can qualify for a loan, you might be mistaken. When you consider buying a home, sit down with a professional—a loan counselor at your bank or a representative from the U. S. Housing and Urban Development, for instance—and discuss your options. Have tax and income documents ready, as well as a list of your expenses and a copy of your credit report. Ask the professional to help you get a good picture of your earnings, expenses and how they would change if you bought a home. __42__
A beautiful home on several acres of green yard might look appealing, but that pretty picture could be hiding problems that will cost you thousands of dollars and hours of lost sleep in the long run. You should find out as much as you can about the home before you buy. Even issues that have been repaired can give you insight into what problems you might be facing a few years down the road. Get a home inspection and carefully go over the results with your inspector. If anything in the home makes you suspicious , don´t hesitate to order another inspection from a different company. __43__
A wonderful home isn´t much good if it is in a terrible area, so find out as much as you can about the environment before you buy. Talk to potential neighbors about any issues the area has been facing, and check to see if there is a community association or club. Scan newspaper police blotters to see if there is a large amount of crime in the area, and interview principals and teachers at the area schools, if you have children. The aesthetic appearance of the community is also important. You probably would not want to move into a home where yours is the only house on the street that is not falling down. __44__
It is customary for home owners to leave some major appliances, like the refrigerator and dishwasher, when they leave the home, but if you see anything else that you like, check if it is for sale. Some sellers won´t mind throwing their furniture or decorations in with the home since they are moving anyway. Also, confirm the land boundaries and whether outdoor structures, like portable sheds and above-ground pools, will be included before you sign on the dotted line. __45__
Every home has its drawbacks: the third step creaks, or the neighbor´s cat likes to lounge on your porch. Even if you are moving to a brand-new home, there are bound to be some unpleasant factors about your new home and your new location. However, try your hardest before you buy your home to know the difference between small unpleasant issues and deal breakers. Visit the home you are planning to buy as many times as you can; stay overnight if
possible. Look for anything that would bother you on a daily basis, and if you find something, look for another home. 第41题
参考答案： C
详细解答： 本段主要讲在买房时要考虑自己的财务状况，跟专业人士谈谈，搞清楚你的收入、支出以及如果你买了房子会发生什么变化。 第42题
参考答案： F
详细解答： 在你买房子之前，应该尽可能多地了解房子，了解房子曾经有过什么修整，房子可能隐藏着什么问题。 第43题
参考答案： A
详细解答： 在你买房子之前，尽可能多地了解周围的环境以及该地区所面临的任何问题，犯罪率、学校、社区的整体环境等。 第44题
参考答案： D
详细解答： 看看房屋有什么家具或电器等一并出售或者赠送。确认房屋边界以及户外设施等。 第45题
参考答案： G
详细解答： 每个房子都有它的缺点，买房子之前要尽最大努力去了解有什么不能容忍的问题，尽可能多地参观你打算买的房子。 上一题 下一题 (1/1)Part C
Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. (10 points) 第46题
American workers have had no news this good for years. In June employers added 288,000 jobs, bringing the total for the year to 1. 4 million, the best six-month stretch since 2006. Unemployment has sunk to 6. 1%, the lowest rate in almost six years. It could hit levels long regarded as \"full employment\" within a year. Help-wanted signs are exploding, with vacancies up by 20% since January.
Such a prosperous labour market is usually the token of a booming economy. Not now. In the first quarter gross domestic product fell by 2. 9% at an annual rate, the worst showing since the recession. This was a result in part of bad weather. Yet the second quarter will only be strong enough to make up the ground lost in the first. Economists had thought 2014 would be the best year since the recession; with growth in the first half of around zero, it is shaping up to be the worst. _______________
参考答案： 美国劳动者已经数年没有听到这样的好消息了。6月，雇主增加了28.8万个工作岗位，使全年工作岗位数量增加到140万，这个数量是自2006年以来在一个半年内增长得最多的一次。失业率下降到6.1％，几乎是6年来最低。美国有望在一年内达到长期被关注的“全面就业”。招聘启事数量激增，自1月以来职位空缺数增加了20％。
这样兴旺的劳动力市场往往象征着经济繁荣。然而如今却不是。第一季度国内生产总值以2.9％的年率下降.这是自经济萧条以来最糟糕的表现。这有一部分是因为恶劣的天气所导致。
而第二季度只足以弥补第一季度的损失。经济学家本以为2014年会成为经济萧条以来经济表现最佳的一年；而随着上半年经济增长接近为零，这一年正在成为经济最不景气的一年。 详细解答： 上一题 下一题 (1/1)Section Writing Part A 第47题
Suppose the Student´s Union in your department is holding an end-of-semester party on July 11. Write an invitation letter to Mr. Black, the dean, and invite him to join you. Let him know the time and place and what he is expected to do at the party. You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your name. Use \"Li Ming\" instead. Do not write the address. ( 10 points) ____________
参考答案： Dear Mr. Black,
I am writing this letter to invite you to the end-of-semester party that we are holding at 6 p. m. on July 11. The venue of the party is Garden Restaurant near our campus.
We take immense pleasure in inviting you to join us and give a speech at the beginning of the party. In case you can´t attend the party, do let us know by call or email.
Above that we expect you to come for it and want you to enjoy the big celebration with us. Await your presence at the party.
Yours sincerely, Li Ming 详细解答： 上一题 下一题 (1/1)Part B 第48题
Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should 1) interpret the chart, and 2) give your comments.
You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points) 图片
_______________参考答案： Organizations Post More Frequently on Social Media
As is depicted in the pie chart above, almost half (45%) of the organizations report they are posting to social networks daily, including 25% who post several times a day. Just over one-quarter (28%) post content ´ several times a week,´ while another 16% post ´ once a week. ´ The remaining 11% of social-media using organizations post less frequently. These figures suggest that many organizations see social media activity as an important part of their workflow, which requires frequent tending to keep content up to date and relevant.
Nowadays, utilizing social media such as Wechat, Weibo or QQ and the Internet as a communication tool allows companies to promote themselves and increase sales without spending money on traditional marketing. They can also be more eco-friendly by reducing the amount of printed promotional materials needed. What´s more, they provide an opportunity for the companies to have a more casual interaction with their customers, making them more
approachable.
Though the most popular social media are less than a decade old, they have transformed organizations´ outreach and engagement with their customers. Hence, participation in social media is worth the time spent. 详细解答： 上一题 成绩单 答题卡
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