高考英语专项练习- 阅读七选五专练(四)

阅读七选五专练(四)

授课提示：对应学生用书115页

Test 1

[2019·昆明市高三复习诊断]

How to Win Votes in a School Election

In many ways, school elections are just like elections anywhere else. __1__ You will also need to work hard to make sure people know who you are and why they should vote for you.

●Decide what position to run for.__2__ Make sure you know what the position does, and what you will be able to do once you get there. There are limits to what you can do while in office, so knowing your responsibilities can keep you from making foolish campaign promises that you can't keep.

●__3__ Talk to your friends about running, make sure they think it is a good idea, and ask for their help in running. You won't be able to do this alone. It looks good if the people who know you best will vote for you. Your network can also help with more practical activities, such as designing and making posters and encouraging their classmates to vote for you.

●Advertise yourself. You and your campaign team should make posters, T-shirts, and other items that will let other students learn your

name even if you don't get to talk to them.__4__ ●Encourage people to vote. Sometimes the hardest thing is actually getting people to participate in the election. __5__ Get people familiar with you so that they trust you enough to give you their vote.

A．Create a network. B．Argue with people.

C．Therefore, they will eventually vote for someone else.

D．Speak to as many people as you can throughout the school. E．Student organizations have many offices with different responsibilities.

F．To win over voters, you need to reach out to as many voters as possible.

G．The most important is to include your name and the position on everything you make.

体裁：说明文 题材：学校生活 主题：如何在校园选举中

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赢得选票

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何在校园选举中赢得更多选票。

1．答案与解析：F 根据空后“You will also need to work... vote for you”可知，F项：为了赢得投票人(的支持)，你需要表示愿意倾听尽可能多的投票人，符合语境。

2．答案与解析：E 根据该段主题句“Decide what position to run for”以及该段的内容可知，E项符合语境，衔接上下文。

3．答案与解析：A 根据文章结构及空处所在位置可知，空处为该段主题句，并结合该段内容可知，该段主要是说要创建一个人际关系网，故选A项。该段中的“network”也是提示。

4．答案与解析：G 根据该段主题句“Advertise yourself”可知，本段是说你和你的团队制作海报和T恤衫的目的是让其他同学知道你的名字，最重要的是，你要在你制作的所有东西，都包含你的姓名和你竞选的职位，故选G项。

5．答案与解析：D 根据空前一句可知，有时候最难的事实际上是让人们参与到选举中来，所以为了赢得更多的选票，你需要说服尽可能多的人去参与选举为你投票，故选D项。

Test 2

[2019·安徽省百所重点中学三模] With time and experience, most adults know that not getting enough sleep can be harmful to us. Too bad, teens don't see that connection so clearly. It's up to parents to convey the importance of sleeping enough. __1__

Play up the positives. Sometimes it helps to point out the benefits that come with changing behavior. In this case, not only will quality sleep help teens focus better in school and feel happier overall, it can improve the appearance of their skin. __2__ Lay stress on consistency. A lot of teenagers, and even grown-ups,

think they can spend less time on shut-eye during the week if they

make up for it on the weekend. Not true. An extra hour or two of sleep on Saturday and Sunday can do us more harm than good. __3__ As a result, it is hard to fall asleep at the appropriate time on Sunday evening.

Give the hard facts. __4__That's why it's so important to explain what it feels like to be too tired to get behind the wheel. Promise your teen that he can always call you to pick him up no matter where he is or what time it is, if he's too sleepy to drive.

__5__Sleep isn't as fun as texting with friends and it seems less

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necessary than cramming for an exam. Help your teen view sleep as a priority (优先事项) by making it one in your own life as well. Set up a family charging station for electronic devices outside of the bedrooms, so phones can be powered up overnight without tempting (引诱) anyone to check messages. Leave your own devices there when you go to bed. Rarely is anything so important that it can't wait until after a good night's sleep.

A．Lead by example.

B．Set aside quality family time.

C．These four tips will show you how.

D．It disturbs a person's internal body clock. E．It is important for us to realize the importance of a good sleep. F．It's reported that one out of five traffic accidents involves a sleepy driver.

G．It also keeps them from getting sick and helps them keep a healthy weight.

体裁：说明文 题材：日常活动 主题：如何让孩子睡眠充足

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作为一名家长，如何让自己的孩子拥有足够的睡眠呢？对此，作者提出了一些有用的建议。

1．答案与解析：C 综合全文的内容和结构我们可以看出，本文主要提出了一些建议，关于如何让孩子拥有足够的睡眠。而C项：这四条建议将会告诉你如何做，是一个承上启下的句子，符合它在本文中的位置。

2．答案与解析：G 综合第二段的内容我们可以看出，这一段主要讲述足够的睡眠给孩子们带来的好处。而G项：它还让他们远离疾病，并帮助他们保持健康的体重，在内容上符合本段的大意。

3．答案与解析：D 根据空前内容我们可以看出，本段讲述星期一到星期五不按时睡觉而在周末补觉所带来的恶果。选项D的意思在逻辑上与前后的内容一致，故本空应选D。

4．答案与解析：F 根据空后一句的内容我们可以确定，本空所选的句子应与开车有关。而F项讲述的是睡眠不足带来交通事故的危险。因此，本题应选F。

5．答案与解析：A 本空位于段首。根据短文的结构我们可以看出，本空是本段的主题句，应是祈使句。再结合本段的大意

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我们可以确定，本段讲述的是家长要以身作则。A项符合相关的要求。

Test 3

[2019·河南省豫南九校第一次联考]In today's fast-paced and sometimes uncaring society, it can be challenging to find anything to lift your spirits when you feel sad. In spite of how bad things may appear，there are some things you can do to get happy and enjoy your day.__1__ Get yourself an attitude of gratitude. For centuries，people over the world have recognized how powerful gratitude is when it comes to lifting one's spirits. Frequently we are so caught up in what we lack that we fail to recognize all that we possess. Often，we are only reminded of the blessings present in our world when we meet someone worse off than we are or when those blessings are no longer a reality.__2__ Keep a list of things for which you are grateful — in case you need to jog your memory.

Brighten someone’s day. It may be you who are feeling the blues，but when you brighten someone else's day，yours automatically becomes brighter. Smiles spread easily.__3__ Get some fresh air. Fresh air refreshes the senses and makes you more likely to get up and do something rather than sit there in an unpleasant mood. __4__ Even just walking in your flower or vegetable garden will do the trick.

__5__ Because the heart rate and breathing rate increase during exercise, a greater amount of oxygen is delivered to the body tissue. In addition to relieving stress, heightened physical activity will decrease the level of the stress hormone (荷尔蒙). As such, your mood can quickly change from a state of stress to one of joyfulness.

A．Get some exercise.

B．Be thankful for what you have.

C．Here are some great ways to lift your spirits. D．Go for a walk with a friend or take a bike ride.

E．Do what you can to start an outbreak of happy faces.

F．This promotes the production of the body's natural pain relievers.

G．Organize cupboards，garages and other areas that have become untidy.

体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 主题：振奋精神并保持开

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心的方法

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了可以振奋精神，并让人保持开心的几种方法，如保持感恩的态度、让别人开心、呼吸新鲜空气、做运动。

1．答案与解析：C 根据空前“In spite of how bad things may appear, there are some things you can do to get happy and enjoy your day.”可知，此处是说尽管事情看上去很糟糕，也可以做一些事使自己开心，并享受美好的一天。再根据下文各段的内容可知，下文详细介绍了可以使自己开心并享受美好的一天的方法。由此可知，设空处应为承上启下的过渡句；C项：这儿有一些好方法，能够让你振奋精神，符合语境，故选C项。

2．答案与解析：B 根据本段的主旨句“Get yourself an attitude of gratitude.”可知，本段提出的建议是“保持感恩的态度”，B项中的“Be thankful”与本段中的“gratitude”和设空处后的“grateful”相呼应，符合语境，故选B项。

3．答案与解析：E 根据设空处前的内容可知，本段主要建议要给别人带来快乐；E项中的“happy faces”与上文中的“Smiles”相呼应，符合语境，故选E项。

4．答案与解析：D 根据空后的“Even just walking in your flower or vegetable garden will do the trick.”可知，设空处介绍呼吸新鲜空气的具体方式；D项：去和朋友散散步或是骑行，符合语境，故选D项。

5．答案与解析：A 设空处位于句首，为本段的主题句；根据设空处后的内容可知，本段主要讲述了运动在调节情绪方面的作用，A项：做一些运动，符合语境，故选A项。

Test 4

[2019·武汉毕业调研]

Time for a Change

Assume that you already know what bad habits you want to change, such as being late, overeating, compulsive shopping, lack of exercise, etc. To break any habit, you need to make up your mind and commit yourself to making the change. How can you do this? First, it's important to be honest with yourself about your bad habits. __1__. Ask them to point out every time they notice your bad habits.

After you decide to make a change, look at yourself. You should try to figure out what is causing the bad habit repeatedly. Maybe you are late because you like the attention you receive when

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you arrive late. Or perhaps you want to control others by setting the time. __2__， you can take the step toward breaking it.

Then set a realistic goal for change. __3__， so don't expect to break it overnight. For instance, if your goal is to get into great shape, and you currently do no exercise, don't expect to suddenly start spending two hours at the gym each day. Set a goal of exercising a maximum of several days a week at first.

__4__. Keep a journal or diary, or just write things in a notebook. If your goal is to be punctual, exercise more, or eat healthier, many cellphone apps can record your progress. Seeing how you are gradually breaking your bad habit will then start to be its own reward. __5__. A．If you focus on one goal at a time

B．You didn't develop your bad habit overnight C．It's also helpful to talk to people around you D．After you know the reasons behind a bad habit E．Congratulate yourself on the small positive changes

F．This will motivate you to continue on the road you are taking G．You will need to monitor yourself and meanwhile track your progress

体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 主题：改掉坏习惯

【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，作者对改掉坏习惯提出了几点建议：先承认自己的坏习惯，然后弄清楚导致坏习惯的原因，再确立一个现实的目标，并对改正过程进行监测记录，最后在改正中激励自己继续前行。

1．答案与解析：C 根据空后的“Ask them to point out every time they notice your bad habits.”中出现了代词them，此处应指代设空处表示人的名词，只有C项中提到了“people around you”，故选C项。

2．答案与解析：D 根据空前“You should try to figure out what is causing the bad habit repeatedly.”你应该尝试弄清楚是什么一再导致了坏习惯，可知，在你知道坏习惯背后的原因后，你就可以采取措施去改正它，D项符合语境，故选D项。

3．答案与解析：B 根据空前“Then set a realistic goal for change.”然后为作出改变确定一个现实的目标及空后的“so don't expect to break it overnight”可知，B项中的“overnight”与空后的“overnight”相呼应，符合语境，故选B项。

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4．答案与解析：G 设空处在段首，应为总起句，根据空后的“Keep a journal or diary, or just write things in a notebook... record your progress.”可知，要通过写日记或做笔记，或用手机应用程序来记录自己的目标或进程，故选G项。

5．答案与解析：F 根据空前的“Seeing how you are gradually breaking your bad habit will then start to be its own reward.”看到你如何逐渐地改掉自己的坏习惯将成为这件事本身的一个奖赏可知，F项：这将会激励你在自己选择的这条路上继续走下去，承接上文，符合语境，故选F项。

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