2019-2020年高考英语四月阅读理解和完形填空自练(10)

2019-2020年高考英语四月阅读理解和完形填空自练（10）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

“America’s No.1 Health Problem.” So reads the headline of an article published by the American Institute of Stress that claims the biggest threat to health today is neither cancer nor AIDS. The report says: “It has been estimated（估计）that 75 to 90 percent of all visits to primary care physicians are for stress related problems.”

It is no exaggeration（夸张）to say that people today are being attacked by stress. According to the National Consumers League, “Work is the top source of stress for adults who have problems and stress in their lives (39%), followed by family (30%). Other sources include health (10%), concern about the economy (9%) and concern about international conflict and terrorism (4%).”

However, stress is hardly unique to the United States. A British survey in xx estimated that “over half a million individuals in Britain believed in xx that they were experiencing work-related stress at a level that was making them ill.” As a result of “work-related stress, depression or anxiety,” there are “an estimated thirteen and a half million reported lost working days per year in Britain.”

The picture is no less bleak in mainland Europe. According to the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, “work-related stress has been shown to affect millions of European workers across all types of employment sectors.” One survey revealed that there are “about 41 million workers affected by work-related stress each year.”

What about Asia? A report issued by a conference held in Tokyo concluded: “Job stress is a mon concern among many countries in the world, both developing and industrialized countries.” The report observed that “several countries in East Asia, including China and Korea, have rapidly industrialized and economically grown. These countries now have a lot of concerns on job stress and its harmful effects on workers’ health.”

1. The author quoted “America’s No.1 Health Problem.” (Para. 1) in order to ______. A. talk about health problems in America B. introduce the topic of stress

C. emphasize the stress in America

D. tell readers something about American Institute of Stress

答案解析：答案为B。本题为推理题。本文的内容是为了揭示世界上人们的工作压力非常大，对健康造成了威胁，因此作者在开头使用“America’s No.1 Health Problem”是为了引入压力的话题，故答案为B。

2. From the passage we can learn that .

A. both cancer and AIDS are not as serious as the threat of stress to health B. stress is mainly from working and living pressure

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C. Americans never care about international conflict and terrorism D. people in mainland Europe are more optimistic than English people 答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第二段 “Work is the top source of stress for adults who have problems and stress in their lives (39%), followed by family (30%). Other sources include health (10%), concern about the economy (9%) and concern about international conflict and terrorism (4%).” 可知，工作和家庭生活中的压力比重最大，故B选项正确，C选项错误。

由第一段 “America’s No.1 Health Problem.” So reads the headline of an article published by the American Institute of Stress that claims the biggest threat to health today is neither cancer nor AIDS.”可知，癌症和艾滋病没有压力带给健康的威胁那么严重的情况是在美国，不具有普遍性，故A选项错误。第三段揭示了英国人的工作压力非常大，第四段的首句理解是关键 “The picture is no less bleak in mainland Europe.” 意为“欧洲大陆的情况依旧不容乐观”，故D选项错误。

3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______. A. Asian people are more willing to develop their countries

B. the rapid economic development is the main reason for stress

C. some people in Asian countries have health problems from employment stress D. Asian countries have a better situation of stress than Europe

答案解析：答案为C。本题为推理题。最后一段揭示了亚洲的压力情况，由该段的最后一句话 “These countries now have a lot of concerns on job stress and its harmful effects on workers’ health.” 可知，一些亚洲国家的工作压力也影响了人们的健康，故C选项正确，B选项错误，经济发展不是压力的主要原因，压力来自工作。A、D选项未提，均不选。 4. What’s the main subject of the passage?

A. Stress attacking health. B. How to deal with stress.

C. A survey on working stress. D. Health problems around the world.

答案解析：答案为A。本题考查文章的主题。全文揭示了在美国，欧洲，亚洲人们的工作压力对健康造成了威胁，故答案为A。

阅读理解

A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in almost the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as formal texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.

A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or making him sad thinking. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often sorry for cruelty than those who had not. As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises (出现) from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.

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There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two - headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist; and that, instead of being fond of the strange side in fairy tales, the child should be taught to learn the reality by studying history. I find such people, I must say so peculiar (奇怪的) that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case were sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girl -friend.

No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.

1. The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is ______. A. repeated without any change B. treated as a joke C. made some changes by the parent D. set in the present 答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。 由第一段的 “It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and, if a parent can produce what, in the actual situation of the time and the child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.”可知，作者认为如果父母讲神话故事结合小孩所在的真实时间情况，而不仅仅是从故事书上读故事，效果更好。故答案为C，即父母如果对神话故事作一些变化，更有效。解答此题要注意同一意思的不同表达。

2. According to the passage, great fear can take place in a child when the story is _______. A. in a realistic setting B. heard for the first time C. repeated too often D. told in a different way

答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。由第二段 “As to fears, there are, I think, some cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once.”可知，作者认为如果故事只讲了一遍，小孩会产生恐惧感。故答案为B。

3.The advantage claimed (提出) for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it _______. A. makes them less fearful

B. develops their power of memory

C. makes them believe there is nothing to be afraid of D. encourages them not to have strange beliefs 答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节推理题。由第二段的最后一句话 “Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.”可知，作者认为不断的重复故事可以让小孩变得熟悉(familiarity)故事, 这样恐惧的痛苦（pain of fear） 就会变成恐惧的快乐（pleasure of a fear），故答案为A。B，D在文章中未提及；C选项 “让小孩相信没有什么可害怕的” 意思与此不符，且此答案显得绝对。

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4. The author’s mention of sticks and telephones is meant to suggest that ______. A. fairy stories are still being made up

B. there is some misunderstanding about fairy tales C. people try to modernize old fairy stories

D. there is more concern for children's fears nowadays

答案解析：答案为B。本题为推断题。从第三段 “…If their case were sound, the world should be full of mad men attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a stick or covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their beloved girl -friend.” 和第四段 “No fairy story ever declared to be a description of the real world and no clever child has ever believed that it was.” 可知，作者的观点是神话故事不是对现实世界的描述，没有哪个聪明的小孩相信它们是真的。故答案为B，作者用sticks and telephones 来证明一些人对神话故事存在误解。

5. One of the reasons why some people are not in favor of fairy tales is that _______. A. they are full of imagination

B. they just make up the stories which are far from the truth C. they are not interesting

D. they make teachers of history difficult to teach

答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节题。从第三段的首句 “There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two - headed dragons, magic carpets, etc. do not exist…”可知，也有人反对神话故事是因为它们不是客观真实的，故答案为B。解答此题同样要注意同义句的转换， “not in favor of”与object to 同义；”not objectively true” 与 “far from the truth”同义。[来源:]

【xx高考复习】完形填空

Every Saturday night my family and I go out and feed the homeless people in the city of Orlando. We wanted to see__16__it was like in the life of a homeless person.One special thing I like to__17__is，my family and I do not eat__18__we begin our journey so we know how it feels to be hungry.We all get together in the__19__and prepare the food.Some of the meals are sandwiches and cookies and a bottle of water.Sometimes my mom__20__a steaming hot delicious meal.We then__21__them all up to feed 30 or more people.

Before my family and I get into the car we ask God for__22__in a family prayer.A lot of people__23__homeless people.Not all homeless people are drug addicts or bad people.Some are really nice；__24__of them just had bad things happening to them.

__25__when my family and I went out on the street we had to earn their trust，because a lot of people are__26__to them for no good reason.But__27__they see us every week they__28__us.We__29__know some of their names.We all have to remember that these are people with__30__.Some of them shake our hands for giving them food.Some of them do really funny dances because they are happy.

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We have bee really close__31__a man named Tony and his wife.They have all of their personal__32__in shopping carts.After__33__us several times he has told us a lot about his life.He graduated from Howard University.He__34__teach French and Spanish.

After we finish feeding the homeless，it makes me__35__what I have at home.I love feeding the homeless and making a difference in someone's life.

【语篇解读】 作者每个星期六晚上都和家人到大街上去给无家可归的人送食物。通过帮助那些无家可归的人，作者更感激自己所拥有的东西。 16．A.what B．how C．whether D．why 答案 A [我们想看看无家可归的人的生活是什么样的。what引导宾语从句且在从句中作like的宾语。] 17．A.talk B．imagine C．mention D．remind 答案 C [我想提的一件特殊的事是……mention表示“说起， 提到”。] 18．A.until B．before C．while D．after 答案 B [为了体验饥饿的感觉，我和我的家人在动身之前不吃东西。] 19．A.hall B．yard C．kitchen D．hotel 答案 C [我们聚在厨房准备食物。其他三项不符合语境。] 20．A.buys B．takes C．brings D．prepares 答案 D [有时，妈妈会准备一顿热腾腾的美味的饭。上文的“...prepare the food”是答案提示。] 21．A.cook B．bag C．press D．roast

答案 B [然后，我们把这些食物都包起来，给三十多个人吃。bag用作动词，相当于pack，bag...up表示“把……装入袋中”。] 22．A.protection B．possession C．allowance D．expectation

答案 A [我和家人上车之前，祷告得到上帝的保护。protection“保护”，符合语境。possession“占有”；allowance“津贴”；expectation“期待”。] 23．A.hate B．misunderstand C．understand D．support

答案 B [很多人误解那些无家可归的人。由下一句“Not all homeless people are drug addicts or bad people.”可知选B。] 24．A.some B．the other C．others D．the rest

答案 A [他们当中有些人只是遇到了不幸的事。与上文的“Some are really nice”形成了并列关系，表“一些”，故用some。] 25．A.At last B．At least C．At first D．At once 答案 C [起初，当我和我的家人去街上，我们必须赢得他们的信任。] 26．A.generous B．kind C．mean D．grateful 答案 C [因为很多人无缘无故对他们很刻薄。mean表示“刻薄的”。] 27．A.in case B．now that C．for fear D．provided that

答案 B [由于他们每个星期都会看到我们，他们现在信任我们了。now that用作连词，表示“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句。]

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28．A.rely on B．believe in C．talk with D．worry about 答案 B [由上文的“we had to earn their trust”可知，作者和家人经过努力，赢得了他们的信任。] 29．A.still B．even C．never D．ever 答案 B [我们甚至知道有些人的名字。even“甚至”，符合语境。] 30．A.love B．expression C．feelings D．money

答案 C [这些无家可归的人是有感情的。由下文的“shake our hands”和“do really funny dances because they are happy”可知此处是说这些人是有感情的。] 31．A.to B．by C．of D．with

答案 A [我们和一个名为托尼的人和他的妻子关系很近。close to sb意为“与某人关系密切”。]

32．A.belongings B．clothes C．groceries D．goods

答案 A [购物车上装着他们所有的财物。belongings意为“财产，所有物”，符合语境。] 33．A.running into B．ing across C．meeting D．finding

答案 C [与我们见过几次面之后，他给我讲了很多关于他的生活的事情。] 34．A.would B．used to C．needed D．ought to 答案 B [他过去曾经教过法语和西班牙语。used to表示“曾经”。] 35．A.dislike B．own C．recognize D．appreciate

答案 D [帮助这些无家可归的人使我感激自己所拥有的东西。appreciate表示“感激，感谢”，符合语境。]

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