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武侯祠英文导游词

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武侯祠英文导游词

武侯祠英文导游词 篇一:

武侯祠英文导游词 The uhu Temple Gd mrning, ladies and gentlemen, it’s my great hnr t be yur lcal guide. Tday, e are ging t visit the Chengdu uhu Temple. uhu Temple is situated at the suth f the Chengdu city and faces suth. It’s adjacent t the Emperr Liubei’s tmb as ell as his temple. N, e are at the entrance f the temple. During ur visit, please stay clse t the grup and take gd care f yur belngings. e’ll start ur tur at the tablet f three cnsummatins, and then Emperr’s Hall, Zhuge Liang’s Hall and at last the emperr Liu Bei’s Tmb. After the free time, e’ll be back at the parking at 11:30. In case smebdy gets lst, please als try t remember the bus number. uhu Temple as built at the end f the estern Jin Dynasty. Beteen the Tang and Sng Dynasties, Zhuge Liang and the Emperr Liu Bei had their independent temples. At the beginning f Ming Dynasty, the t separate temples merged int ne. Tards the end f the Ming Dynasty, the merged temple as destryed during ar chas. The present cnstructins date frm the Qing Dynasty in 167

2. uhu Temple became a natinal cultural relic prtectin unit in 1961 and a museum in 198

4. It is nt nly the mst influential museum dedicated t the study f the Three Kingdms culture, but als the nly memrial shrine here the temple f a mnarch and a temple f his subject are merged int ne. Du Fu, a famus pet in the Tang Dynasty nce mentined it in his petry: “ here uld I find the Prime Minister’s shrine? Smehere utside brcade city, in dense cypress trees.” Here “the Prime Minister’s shrine” is hat e called uhu Temple

nadays. The remarks f Du Fu enable us t kn here uhu Temple as lcated. ell, ladies and gentlemen, may I have yu attentin, please? After e visit the LiuBei s Hall, here e are at the entrance f Zhuge Liang’s Hall. As yu can see, inside the hall, hrizntal inscribed bards and cuplets hich carry rds f praise fr Zhuge Liang are filling up the alls. . Please lk at the cuplet hanging in frnt f yu .It is the famus cuplet ritten by Zha Pan in 190

2. Literally it means that:Try t persuade an enemy t stp his attack during the ar, and the ar ill then disappear. N sldiers ants t fight since ancient times. Try nt t frget cnditins and situatins, therise, leniency and strict punishment ill all fail. Thse h manage Sichuan shuld think it ver. ell, yu may nder h this cuplet came t be? N, let me tell yu. In fact, the cuplet cntains t stries, and ne f the stries tells us that nce Zhuge Liang served as the general mander f the Kingdm f Shu, he as scheduled t attack the Kingdm f ei in nrth China. Hever, he as rried that the trps f the minrities might take this pprtunity t harass the Shu Kingdm in suthest China. S he ent t that areas ith his trps and ished t establish a gd relatinship ith the minrities. At that time, Meng Hu is the tp leader f the minrities, he didn’t accept Zhuge Liang’s gd ish and sent his sldiers t fight against the trps frm the Shu. Zhuge Liang successfully defeated Meng ’s attack and caught him. Instead f punishing Meng Hu, Zhuge Liang set him free. Then Meng Hu launched anther attack, hever, he met ith the same defeat., and Zhuge liang set him free again. n the seventh time hen Meng Hu as caught, Meng prstrated himself befre Zhuge Liang, saying that he and his sldiers had given up n attacking, and he uld like sincerely t have a gd relatinship ith the Shu. Frm then n, the minrity peple

and peple f the Shu lived in peace. Frm this stry, e can kn that as a military fficial, Zhuge Liang as able t cnvince his ppnents ith his isdm and defeat his rivals by psychlgical tactics. ell, ladies and gentlemen, n yu have 10minutes t alk arund. Please dn’t hesitate t ask me if yu have further questins. Later n, I ill give yu mre general infrmatin and interesting stries abut the hall. Thanks fr yur attentin! 篇二:

四川-武侯祠英文导游辞 China has a recrded histry f sme 3,600 years, beginning ith the Shang Dynasty(16th——12th century BC).The first stage is the primitive sciety. The histry as much assciated ith the suppsed pre-Xia Dynasty(21th-16th centuy BC). The secnd majr perib lasted frm abut 2,000 t 200 BC. The histry dated the beginning f the slave sciety frm the Xia Dynasty, hich cnstituted the first Chinese state. The third stage extended all the ay frm 221BC, hen Qin Shihuang united China, t the pium ar f 1840. Histrical dcments name the third perid as the Feusal Imperial Rule. The feudal sciety in China passed thrugh a perid f disunity beginning at the Three Kingdm Perid, and ending in shet-lived Sui Dynasty(581——618), estern Jin(265——316)via Eastern Jin(317——439) and the Suthern and Nrthern Dynasties(386——5). The flling stry ccurred in the three Kingdm Perid. At the rnd f the Eastern Han Dynasty(25——220) a gtrat peasant revlt happened. Many lcal fficials develped int arlrds t assisty the Han Emperr in suppressing the rebellin. During this perid the atltds tk the pprtunity t build uyp their n plitical and military strengty and made themselves int autnmus reginal arlrds. Finally the arlrds carved the Han Empire int three kingdms f ei, Shu and u. The ppulus episdic nvel,The Rmance f the Three Kingdms traces

the rise and fall f the three kingdms and vividly depicts the turbulent scial cnditins at that time. The rulers f the three independent kingdms struggled fr supremacy. Ca Ca and his sn established the kingdm f ei at Lyang. He as in actual cntrl f nly the Nrth China hmeland. T rivals sn prclaimed emperrs themselves elsehere. The kingdm f u ith its capital in Nanjing ccupied dChangjiang Valley, The kingdm f Shu as created ith its capital in Chengdu. Ti as in the cntrl f Sichuan and parts jf the highland f suth China. uhu Temple is much assciated ith the kingdm f Shu. It is the place t memrate Zhu Geliang, Prime Minister f the kingdm. uhu as a tp fficial title cnferred upn Zhu Geliang after his death. It is unfrtunate that n histrical dcuments have recrded the time f its establishment. Hever, Du Fu, a tp Tang Dynasty pet rte a pem f khich t lines say as bel: here uld I find the Prime Minister s shrine?Smehere utside Jinguan, in a dense cypress glade. This pem helps us infer that Zhu Geliang Temple as already in ezistence in the Tang Dynadty. During the Tang and Sng Dynasties Zhu Geliang and Emperr Liu Bei had their independent temples in Chengdu, At the beginning f the Ming Dynasty the t temples merged int ne. Tards the end f the Ming Dynasty the merged tempke as destryed during ar chas. The present buildings date frm the Qing Dynasty in 167

2. The main entrance gate hangs a hrizntal inscribed bard. It says, Han Zhalie Temple .Han refers t the kingdm f Shui; zhalie as Liu Bei s psthumus title. The bard indicates that the hle temple as built in hnr f Liu Bei. But hy d all the peple call it Zhu Geliang Tempke instead f Han Zhalie Temple? It is due t Zhu Geliang s invaluable histrical cntributin, and his plitical and military strategies t the develpment f the kingdm. In the vie f the lcal pepe his prestige far gan t call it Zhu

Grliang Temple regardless f the emperr s dignity and the temple s riginal name. Gtadually mre and mre peple accepted the ne name f the temple thrugh mn practice. The temple pund cnsists f five mainbuildings: the Frnt Gate, the Secnd Gate, Kiu Bei s Hall, Zhu Geliang s Hall and Liu Bei s Tmb. The buildings are all lcated aling an imaginative axis line in a regular shape. Six huge stne tablets are flanked in the yard beteen the frnt and the secnd gates. Fur f them ere f the Qing Dynasty, ne f the Ming and ne pf the Tang. The tablets f the Qing state the strise abut the reestablishment f the temple; the ne f the Ming describes the develpment f the temple. The ne f the Tang is far mre famus than the ther five. It as set up sn after u Yuanhen, a lcal tp military mander in est Sichuan and his 27assistants rshiped Zhu Grliang in the temple in 809 during the Tang Dynasty. Pei Du,h served as a prime minister fr his three Tang emperrs ijn different times, psed an rssay assciated ith the rship. In the essay he eulgized Zhu Geliang fr his great cntributin t and his spare-n-effrts in unifying the hle China and the develpment f Sichuan, Liu Gingchu, a ell-knn Tang calligrahist, cpied the essay n the tablet accrding t the pattern f Liu s handriting. The three ell-knn persns jined hands t perfect the tablet, s later in peple called it The Three Perfecdstin Tablet . Inside the Secnd Gate is Liu Bei s hall. His statue stands behind the frnt altar, flanked by his sn snd gtandsn. T the right f the main shrine is a red faced image called Guan Yu; the left is General Zhang Fei, represented ith a black face. Liu,Guan and Zhang are srn brthers as prescribed in the nvel The Rmance f the Three Kingdms. There are t galleries in the yard, hich cntain terractta figures f the Qing Dynasty, 28 in all, generals n the right and minisiters n the lelt. During the Three Kingdm Perid the rulers f the independent kingdms fught each ther fr

supremacy.This perid as regarded as a rmantic epch f knightly dering-d.The site is just abut hly t thusands f Three Kingdm enthusiasts.The ell-lved figures in the temple are the histrical surce frm hich later nvels and dramas have captured the imaginatins f generatins f Chinese readers and audience. Behind Liu Bei s hall is the secnd yard here Zhu Geliang s hall is lcated.Zhu Geliang s hallis bviusly ler than Liu Bei s. Visitrs bave t alk dn several steps befre they can get int the secnd yard.The disparity in the cnstructin height displays the traditinal Chinese hierarchical scial system.Emperr is the sn f Heaven.He is superir;and ther peple are inferir. n the tp f the entrance gate f Zhu Geliang s hall hangs a hrizntal den bard,hich says, Eternal Glry All ver the rld (名垂宇宙). Many ancient cuplets hang inside the hall, but the mst famus ne is right in the middle f the hall.It says,“能攻心则反侧自消,从古知兵非好战;不审势即宽严皆误,后来治蜀要深思。” It means that try t persuade an enemy t stp his attack during a ar and the ar ill then disappear. N sldier ants t fight since ancient times.Try nt t frget t eigh the cnditins and situatin, gherise leniency and strict punishment ill all fail. Thse,h e t manage Sichuan,shuld think it ver again. This cuplet cntains t stries. nce as Zhu Geliang as the general mander f the shu Kingdm, he as scheduled t attack the ei Kingdm in nrth China.Hever, he as rried that the trps f the minrities might take a chance t harass the Shu Kingdm in suthest China.He came t tealize that the gd relatinship ith the minrities as very imprtant. S he ent the suthestern area ith his trps. Meng Hu( 孟获),the tp leader f the minrities didn t accept Zhu Geliang s gd-ish.He used his sldiers t fight against the grps frm the kingdm.Zhu Geliang successfully defeated his attack and caught Meng Hu. Instead f punishing him,Zhu Geliang set him free.Then Meng Hu launched

anther attack and he met ith the same defeat.Zhu Geliang set him a free again.n the seventh time after Meng Hu as caught,he prstrated himself befre Zhu Geliang saying ghat he and his sldiers had given rp any atrelatinship ith the Shui Kingdh.Frm then n the minrity peple and lf the Shui Kingdn lived in amity. The ther stry tells h Zhu Geliang streng-thened discipline. nce Zhu Gelian Launched anther military campaign against the ei Kingdm.In rder t make the campaign successful Zhu Geliang rdered Ma Shu,his clse assistant t garrisn the Shu army trps in Jie Ting,a vital strategic place t fight the ing sldiers frm the ei.Ma Shu thught f himself highly and placed his trps n the tp f a hill near Jie Ting.As result,the ei army sldiers ccupied the strategic place.Ma Shu and his sldiers ere defeated.Zhu Geliang had t ithdra his trps back t ghe Shu Kingdm.His carefully arranged campaign thus failed.Ma Shu had a clse relatinship ith Zhu Geliang due t his hardrking and his cntributin t the develpment shui s army.Tears ran dn Zhu Geliang s face hen he rdered t execute Ma Shu fr his errr. The t stried displayed Zhu Geliang s flexible tactics in accrdance ith different ccasins.Mre-ver,Zhu Geliang used the same methd t manage his gvernment and the kingdm fr the scial stability and ecnmic prsperity. The secnd yard,dedicated Zhu Geliang, has a bell ter n the right and a drum ter n the left f the entrance.A mst unusual casting irn incense burner is in the imddle f the path, hich leads t the hall.Zhu Geliang s statue,acpainied by his sn n the right and his grandsn n the left, stands in the middle f the hall.The statue is 2m high. Zhu Geliang is dressed in a glden vercat ith a feather fan in his hand .He lks as if he as still cncerned abut his kingdm and his lcal peple .n the left side f Zhu Geliang s statue is a brnze drum, a relic dated back t the 5th century.riginally ancient minrity grups in

suhest China ften used it as a cket.Later it became a srt f music instrument fr sme special ccasins. It as said that during Zhu Geliang s suthest expeditin his sldiers used it as a cker during the day and struck it at night as emergency apprached. Zhu Geliang as renned military strategist and statesman in the early three Kingdm perid.A native f Shandng Prvince,he as living in Lng Zhng,Hubei hen Liu Bei ent t his huse three times.Liu Bei sincerely invited Zhu Geliang t jin in recnquest f the Han Empire,but fr the first t times it as said that Zhu Geliang as nt at hme. n the third time hen Liu Bei met Zhu Geliang in his huse,he agreed t assist Liu Bei .It as in his huse that Zhu Geliangand Liu Bei had a dialgue relating t the current situatin and recnquest f the Han Empire, In Liu Bei s hall hangs Zhu Geliang s ambitius Lng Zhng dialgue( 隆中对) and his Letter T The Thrne Befre An Expeditin .Zhu Geliang served as Prime minister f the Shu Kingdm fr tenty years .During his administratin Zhu Geliang brught peace t the kingdm due t his nrthern and suthern xepeditins.The lcal farming prductin and ater cnservancy has advanced. He died f his hard rd cnservancy has advanced. He died f his hard rk at the age f 5

4.After his death peple set up temples ne after anther t memrate him in the areas here Zhu Geliang rked.He as generally regarded as an excellent example f administratrs in Chinese feudal dynasties. T the est f the Zhu Geliang s hall is the site f ghe Liu Bei s tmb.It is 80m in circumference and 12m high,surrunded by a circular all.Fr 1700 years the tmb has remained untuched, but hat is inside is unknn. 篇三:

武侯祠导游词 武侯祠讲解词 各位游客朋友们,大家好,欢迎来到成都武侯祠博物馆参观游览,我是讲解员小周,希望。。 首先让我

们来看这幅平面图,成都武侯祠位于成都市区南面,占地面积15万平方米,大约210多亩,这里是最富盛名的诸葛亮、刘备等蜀汉英雄纪念地,全国唯一的一座君臣合祀祠庙,可以说是全中国乃至全世界,影响力最大的三国遗迹博物馆,享有“三国圣地”只美誉。1961年被评为第一批重点文物保护单位,1984年正式成立博物馆,于201X年被国家旅游局评为4A级景区,201X年又被国家文物局评为首批国家一级博物馆。 根据武侯祠新的规划呢,现在将武侯祠分为三个区域,分别是三国历史遗迹区,锦里民俗区,以及正在打造的西区——三国文化体验区,今天带大家参观的部分是三国历史遗迹区,我们的游览顺序是:

从大门进入后,依次参观游览二门,汉昭烈庙,过厅,武侯祠,以及近几年迁建的进来的三义庙,最后,通过红墙夹道到达惠陵,游览时间大约1个小时。 武侯祠始建于公元223年,距今已经有1788年的历史了,当时因为蜀汉皇帝刘备去世,下葬于惠陵,按照汉朝的陵寝制度,有陵必有庙,所以在惠陵旁边修建了纪念刘备的汉昭烈庙。由于诸葛亮和刘备的关系如鱼和水,密不可分,大约在南北朝的时候,又将成都少城内纪念诸葛亮一家的武侯祠迁建到了汉昭烈庙旁边。在明朝初年,朱元璋的第十一个儿子蜀献王朱椿为了突出君权,下令拆掉武侯祠,将武侯祠并入于汉昭烈庙内,使两庙合二为一。明朝末年,张献忠兵败四川,对四川进行了毁灭性的打击,武侯祠祠庙荒废,但惟独惠陵保存完好。今天我们所看到的这座祠庙,是在清康熙11年既公元1672年在原址上重建的,前殿为纪念刘备及蜀汉文臣武将的汉昭烈庙,后殿才是真正意义上纪念诸葛亮的武侯祠,正是因为这样的建筑格局,是的成都武侯祠成为了全国唯一的一座君臣合祀祠庙。 初游武侯祠的朋友常常会问小周这样一个问题,这刚才进来时,大门上明明悬挂着“汉昭烈庙”的牌匾,汉,是刘备见过时的国号,史称“蜀汉”。昭烈,是刘备死后的溢号。顾名思义,这里是祭祀蜀国皇帝刘备的庙宇。既然如此,人们为什么又称之为武侯祠呢?年间的邹鲁写的一首诗,道出了其中的缘由:

“门额大书昭烈庙,世人都道武侯祠。由来名位输勋业,丞相功高百代思”由此可知,是世人对诸葛亮为国为民,鞠躬尽瘁的精神十

分崇敬,总是习惯了把这个地方叫做武侯祠。 从唐始,碑刻艺术就成为了武侯祠的一大文化特色,武侯祠现存碑碣50余通,分别镌刻于唐代,明代、清代以及近现代,其中以我们前方的这通唐碑最具代表性,它是选用石质较为坚硬细腻的硖石所凿刻而成,碑身高 3.67米,宽0.95米,全名为《蜀臣相诸葛武侯祠堂碑》。碑文分为铭和序,正楷22行,每行大约50个字。 唐碑立于唐宪宗元和四年,也就是公园809年,剑南西川节度使武元衡率领27位僚属来到武侯祠拜谒,令节度府掌裴度撰写碑文,裴度,字中立,是一位非常有才华的人,先后辅佐了唐代的四个皇帝也是唐代中后期的中兴名相。他在碑文部分表达了自己对诸葛亮的崇敬仰慕之情,文章序文部分开始便写到:

度常读旧史,详求往哲,或秉事君之节,无开国之才,得立身之道,无治人之术,四者备矣,兼而行之,则蜀丞相诸葛公其人也。意思是说我裴度读前代的史书,详尽的搜罗了前贤先哲的行事,有的具备臣子对待君主的气节,但是没有开创国家的能力,有的深得立身处世的道理,但是没有治理民众管理官吏的办法,如果说有谁兼备这四种美德,并能运用它来实现自己的政治抱负,那么就只有蜀国丞相诸葛亮了, 序文部分还提到了“隆中对”“结吴抗曹,拥蜀称汉”以及“南征”“北伐”等和诸葛亮有关的重大历史事件,铭文中称赞了诸葛亮的文治武功,强调了诸葛亮的历史功绩和治国才能可以与管仲、乐毅、姜尚、伊尹,萧何等人相媲美,最后铭文描写了“古柏森森,遗庙沈沈”的武侯祠,以及蜀人怀念祭祀诸葛亮的场景。 文章写好以后,由唐代著名书法家柳公权的哥哥柳公绰书写,从他书写时那种端正的字体结构和凝重的笔意变化就可以看出,他在书写时对诸葛亮的崇敬仰慕的精神境界,观其字,则如见其人,从书法史的角度来看,柳公绰的名气和成就,都不如弟弟柳公权,但是在灿若群星的唐代书法家中,他的书法造诣也是堪称一绝的。 石碑左下角这里,镌字人鲁建,五个大字。鲁建是当时蜀中最著名的刻工,我们说,好的刻工要懂得书法,才能够准确的把握住书法作品的精髓,从鲁建的刻技来看,下刀刚劲有力,技法精湛,准确的再现了书法作品的原貌。 正是因为唐碑的文章、书法、镌刻都非常精彩,所以被世人称为“三绝

碑”它是四川迄今为止保存完好的少数几通石碑之一,在上世纪90年代就被公布为国家一级文物,距今已经有1200年的历史了。由于它的历史悠久,再加上四川气候潮湿等诸多原因,导致了唐碑下面的字体没能完整的保存下来,据《潜研堂金石跋尾》及《华阳县志 古迹四》记载这通在明宪宗时期,由当时的四川腾嵩进行过修补,现存碑文与《文苑英华》《唐文萃》上的内容略有出入。 唐碑周围的这些小字,是历代文人墨客来武侯祠拜谒时,提的跋语(“跋”与“序”相对,是写在书籍、文章、金石拓片等后面的短文,内容大多属于评价、鉴定、考释之类。一般认为,在书画、文集等后的题词称为“跋语”。) 在唐碑右下角,这里有明弘治10年,由四川巡按荣华在碑上提的跋:

“人因文而显,文因字而显,然则武侯之功德,裴柳之文字,其相与垂于不朽也”在这里赞美了诸葛亮的功绩,裴度的文章和柳公绰的书法。 清代布政使宋可发 还在这里写到“读唐碑,文瑰丽,书端严,堪称双绝” 碑阴部分还刻有武元衡及其27位僚属的姓名和爵禄。 明碑 唐碑对面的这通呢就是明碑了 ,全名为《诸葛武侯祠堂碑记》立于明嘉靖26年也就是公元17年,由当时的四川巡抚张时彻撰文,成都府同知高登立碑。碑文主要介绍了武侯祠的历史沿革。碑身下面是赑屃(碧戏)碑座,相传赑屃是龙的儿子,形如龟而有齿,力大能驮,所以常常被用作为碑趺(一声)出现在中国的建筑当中。 二门 现在我们所在的位置是二门,匾额上“明良千古”四个大字,意思是说明君良臣,千古垂范,这是由清人吴英撰书。 门楣上这幅长联: 合祖孙父子兄弟君臣,辅翼在人纲,百代存亡争正统;历齐楚幽燕越吴秦蜀,艰难留庙祀,一堂上下共千秋。这幅对联是由近代人刘咸滎所书。上联意思是:汉昭烈庙里供奉这蜀汉君臣的塑像,其中有祖孙、父子、兄弟、君臣关系,臣子辅佐君王,维护人伦纲常,自古以来王侯将相的生死存亡斗争,都是为了给自己的国家争得正统地位,刘备建立蜀汉政权来之不易,经历了齐楚幽燕越吴秦蜀等地方,艰难立国,受到后人景仰,建庙逢祀,君臣一堂,千秋永在。 外面这幅对联、唯德与贤,可以服人,三顾频烦天下计,如鱼得水,昭兹来许,一体君臣祭祀同。意思是说 只有德才兼备的人才能够使人信服,刘

备三顾茅庐可谓频繁,才求的诸葛亮安邦定国的天下大计,刘备得到了诸葛亮的辅佐,就如同鱼得到了水一样,这样的君臣关系成为千古典范,昭示后人,上下一堂享受着人们的祭祀,此联为清嘉庆7月由四川总督蒋攸铦题,在1982年时由魏传统补书 汉昭烈庙 川过二门以后,我们就进入了汉昭烈庙,根据《史记 正义 谥法》所记载: 昭德有劳曰昭,有功安民曰烈,昭烈就是刘备的谥号,汉昭烈皇帝就是指的刘备,正前方的这座殿就是刘备殿了 ,大殿为单檐歇山式建筑,石柱砖墙,雕梁画栋,气势雄伟,富丽堂皇。殿前置一双龙抱口九龙鉄鼎,为明朝时期的遗物,铸工精细。 殿中匾额所写“业绍高光”四个大字,业即基业,绍是继承发扬的意思,高乃西汉开国皇帝汉高祖刘邦,光乃东汉开国皇帝刘秀。整个匾额的意思是: 刘备继承并发扬了汉高祖刘邦和光武帝刘秀的基业,这幅匾额强调了刘备为汉室后裔,蜀汉是三国中的正统地位,并把他与汉高祖和光武帝相提并论,给予了刘备极高的评价。 使君为天下英雄,正统攸归,王气钟楼桑车盖,巴蜀系汉朝终始,移民犹在,霸图余古柏祠堂。这幅对联和横匾,都是又完颜崇实所撰书的,意为: 刘备是天下的英雄,汉王朝的正统地位,理应属于他,聚集在他家乡高大桑树顶端的帝王之气,就是明证。巴蜀是汉朝开始和终端的地方,后裔尚在,雄图霸业已成过去,只留下这古柏森森的祠堂供人瞻念祭拜。 大殿正中的这位便是刘备的塑像了 ,它塑于清康熙11年,公元1672年,他身高3米,是武侯祠47尊塑像中最大的一尊,全身贴金,头戴冕冠,身着黄袍,耳大臂长,面目慈祥,手执玉圭。 刘备字玄德,河北涿州人,生于公元161年,自称为汉景帝之子,中山靖王刘胜之后,少时随母亲以“织席贩履”为生,虽读书不多,但是在社会中不断的磨练自己。年轻时“好结交豪侠”“喜怒不形于色”。陈寿在《三国志》中评价刘备“先主之弘毅宽厚,知人待士,盖有高祖之风,英雄之器焉。”曹操的重要谋士郭嘉曾说:

“备有雄才,而甚得众心”所以说刘备是一位深得人心,受人拥戴的英雄式人物。 公园184年,黄巾爆发,24岁的刘备带领关羽、张飞等人,投入到了正压农民军的行列当中,先后依附于公孙瓒,曹操,袁绍,刘表等人,初露头角。为了兴复汉室,公元207年,三

顾茅庐请诸葛亮出山得隆中对,公元208年经过了赤壁之战后,刘备势力迅速得到发展, 公元211年,受益州牧刘璋邀请入蜀,两年之后拿下成都,自领益州牧,公元219年,夺取汉中,称汉中王,刘备经过了30多年的艰苦奋战,于公元221年4月再成都登基,国号汉,史称蜀汉,季汉,时年60岁。由于孙权派兵袭杀了关羽,夺去了荆州,刘备为之盛怒,称帝不久后,他不听群臣劝阻,即率大军伐吴,史称夷陵之战,被东吴年轻将领陆逊采用火攻,火烧连营七百余里,刘备打败,逃回白帝城,羞愧恼怒,一病不起,于223年4月,病逝于白帝城,临终前将儿子和国事托付于诸葛亮,史称 白帝城托孤 享年63岁,5月灵柩运回成都,8月下葬于成都南郊惠陵。 刘备的成功之处,除了百折不挠,坚持不懈外,更重要的一点在于他礼贤下士,善待部下,谋臣大将都心甘情愿的为他效力,论计谋,他比不上诸葛亮,庞统。论指挥作战,他比不上关羽张飞,但是他们都对刘备心悦诚服,真心拥戴,始终追随刘备。所以说,刘备的成功并不是偶然的。在临终前,他还告诫自己的儿子,“勿以恶小而为之,勿以善小而不为”绝对不能因为坏事小而就去做,也不能因为好事小就不去做,只有用自己的贤良美德,才能使人信服,这一点就充分表现出了“仁义之君刘备”一生追求完美品质的集中体现,而刘备的42年国祚,也确实是实至名归的业绍高光。 在这个殿里,我们会发现没有刘备儿子刘禅的塑像,刘备一生艰苦创业,儿子刘禅却是个扶不起的阿斗,守不住江山。公元263年魏国大将邓艾攻打蜀国,刘阿斗为了保全性命采取谋臣谯周的建议献国投降,还乐不思蜀,北宋成都武侯祠也曾出现过刘禅的塑像,明代以后人们在祠中只塑有刘谌像,而不在塑刘禅的像了。 张飞殿 前面这位就是张飞的塑像了,塑于清乾隆五十二年,公元1788年 张飞字益德,和刘备一样,也是河北涿州人 很多游客看到张飞塑像时,都会说,这个张飞塑得真像,他面目漆黑,豹眼环睁,炯炯有神,但其实史书中兵没有对张飞的外貌进行记载,只是提到了张飞的两个女儿先后都嫁给了后主刘禅。照理来说皇后的父亲不应该长得太难看的 ,这里之所以把张飞塑造成这样,是为了表现他戏剧化的人物形象,配合他勇猛善战的武将身份。 张飞的一生是以行事忠诚,作战勇猛而著称的。最有名的事迹当数当年长坂坡之

战了。张飞率领二十余骑横矛立马于当阳桥头怒吼:

“身是张翼德也,可来共决死.”“敌皆无敢进者,故遂得免。”他说:

“我是张翼德,来和我决一死战”据说他的吼声喝退了曹操的千军万马,使曹军闻风丧胆,据当地传说,他的喝声把当阳桥都喝断了,连河水都为之倒流。 然而,世之虎将 ,只是张飞性格的一个侧面,其实他还是一位精通翰墨的书法家,写得一手好字,这个说法呢 ,也许您不相信,但是不少记载都证实了他的真实性。其中最具有代表性的,就是张飞写的《八蒙山铭》了,今天仍刻在四川阆中的八蒙山上,是一件摩崖石刻。据《三国志 张飞传》记载:

建安20年,公元215年,曹操命大将张郃率军进攻巴西郡,巴西太守张飞与张郃对峙五十余日,为了打破僵局,张飞率领精兵万名绕道迂回,大破张郃。张郃只率十几名部将从小路逃脱,领残兵回汉中,这场战役的胜利对蜀汉有着非常重要的作 用,遏制了曹操妄图进取益州的势头,稳定了益州局势。 张飞大获全胜,意气风发,用他的丈八蛇矛在八蒙山壁上刺凿出两行隶书:

“汉将军飞,大破贼首张郃于八蒙,立马勒铭。”这就是历代所传的“八蒙山铭”,又叫“张飞立马铭”,因为张飞谥号桓候,故又称“桓候戈书”。 张飞一生追随刘备,不离不弃,开疆辟土,南征北战,立下了赫赫战功,彪炳史册。公元221年,刘备伐吴前夕,张飞被两个部将杀害了,最终身首异处,据说,今天重庆云阳张飞庙葬着他的头,他的身躯则是葬在四川阆中,一代英雄就此谢世,让人惋惜。张飞的形象较多了反应了中国封建社会劳动人民勤劳,质朴,耿直的性格特征,又融入了任命群众的艺术想象,故而历来为人民群众所喜爱。张飞像两侧分别是张飞之子张苞,张飞之孙张遵的塑像,张苞是张飞的长子,史载张苞早夭,英年早逝《三国演义中》描写张苞英勇善战,多有战功。张遵,就是张飞之孙 张苞之子,官至尚书,公元263年蜀汉灭亡前,随诸葛瞻到绵竹抵御邓艾所率魏军,军败,战死。 武将廊 武侯祠内现有塑像47尊,为清康熙至道光年间泥塑彩绘而成,其中40尊塑的是见于史载的蜀汉历史人物,前面这条走廊就是武将廊,塑有武将14尊,他们或因战功卓著,或因战死沙场,被立

像表彰,其中以当阳一役单骑救幼主,智勇双全的赵云领先,(有“雄烈过人”的马超;还有定军山急啥曹操名将夏侯渊的老将黄忠,以及在诸葛亮身后,多次领兵伐魏的姜维等等。每位塑像前都立有介绍其生平事迹的石碑,您可以慢慢品味。) 赵云,字子龙,智勇双全,公元208年,在当阳长坂,赵云单骑杀入敌阵,救护了甘夫人与刘禅,刘备曾称赞说:

“赵子龙一身都是胆哪”。赵云晚年,仍从诸葛亮南征北战,屡建战功。不过成都武侯祠里的赵云塑像却是文官打扮而且还是老者的形象,这又是什么原因呢?因为赵云的死在《三国志》中只记载到“是七年卒(zu)”就是说他的死可能是属于正常死亡或者是病故,不同于关羽 张飞都有着详细的记载,古代以长者、老者为尊,塑以老者形象,也是对赵云一种尊崇的体现,另外将他打造为文官形象呢,原因有二,第一,各朝各代在太平盛世都比较重文轻武,第二,也是突出了赵云他有勇有谋,文武双全的个性色彩,赵云逝世于公元229年,追逝为“顺平候” 孙乾,旁边这位是孙乾,刘备早期的重要谋士之一,始终追随刘备,不因刘备的处境困难而背弃他,有句话说“孙乾出使,皆如意指”说明他每次奉命初试,都能完成任务。 张翼,随姜维多次伐魏,263年,刘禅献国投降后,他随姜维共同进行了复国计划,没有成功,后来为乱军所杀。 马超,三国时期著名猛将之一,人称 有“韩信,英布之勇”,小说中潼关一役,吓的曹操割须弃袍人,就是他了,曹操曾说:

“马儿不死,吾无葬身之地”,他是东汉名将伏波将军马援的后裔,其祖母是羌族人,深受西北一带湖人和羌族拥戴,马超因不容张鲁,建安19年逃归刘备,刘备称帝后升任他为骠骑(qi)将军, 领凉州牧,222年马超病逝,追逝为“威候”篇四:

武侯祠导游词 各位评委,我抽的是成都旅游片区,讲解的景点是武侯祠 各位游客:

大家好!今天我们游览的是武侯祠。武侯祠位于成都市南门武侯大街231号。今天我们的游览路线是:

大门、三绝碑、二门、刘备殿、文臣武将廊、诸葛亮殿以及刘备陵园 。从北门出,全程大约3个小时。下午5点办在北门集合登车。

请大家记住哟。在游览之前我先给大家讲讲几点注意事项: 第一请大家在游览的时候注意安全、爱护环境,不要乱扔垃圾。第二,请大家记住我的电话号码187****0600,车牌号川A88888 8.大家记住了吗? 武侯祠是中国唯一的君臣合祀祠庙,由刘备、诸葛亮蜀汉君臣合祀祠宇及惠陵组成。始建于公元223年修建刘备陵寝。一千多年来几经毁损,屡有变迁。武侯祠(指诸葛亮的专祠)建于唐以前,初与祭祀刘备(汉昭烈帝)的昭烈庙相邻,明朝初年重建时将武侯祠并入了“汉昭烈庙”,形成现存武侯祠君臣合庙。现存祠庙的主体建筑1672年清朝 康熙年间(康熙十一年)重建。1961年公布为全国重点文物保护单位。1984年成立博物馆,201X年被评为首批国家一级博物馆,享有“三国圣地”之美誉。中国总设计师曾说:

“武侯祠名声大,看的人多”。可以说武侯祠已经成了成都的一处标志性景点了吧。 朋友们,现在我们所在的位置就是诸葛亮殿了。殿内供奉着诸葛亮和他儿子、孙子的贴金泥塑像。大家请看,在正中龛台上就是诸葛亮的塑像啦,他羽扇纶巾,身披金袍,凝目沉思,其忧国忧民,深谋远虑的神采,显示出一代儒相的风仪。诸葛亮在我国古代政治家中可说是一位出类拔萃的人物,在《三国志》、《晋书》等史志类作品中,对他的政治、军事才能给予了高度的评价,在演义小说《三国演义》中,他更是被塑造成一个有着经天纬地的智慧,矢志不逾的精神,全智全能的几乎完美无缺的人物形象。到底诸葛亮有多完美都有智慧呢?请让我为大家一一分析。 首先,他是杰出的政治家。诸葛亮大小事并抓,“躬自校簿书,流汗竟日”,不但承担了全政大计的决策和推动,并亲自监督兴修水利、桥梁、道路,驿舍等工程,组织养蚕、织锦、煮盐、冶铁、铸钱等重要事业,实施“科教严明,赏罚必信”、“奖励农桑,与民生息”等正确,使蜀汉逐渐恢复了元气。进兵南中,和抚夷越,执行了最好的民族,安定了后方。使蜀汉渐渐开创了一个“物资丰富,人口兴盛“的有所作为的局面。 然后,他是传神的军事家。以决定刘备集团命运和三分鼎立局面的赤壁之战为例,诸葛亮是决定战争胜负的最关键的人物。孙刘联盟的建立,由他一手促成;孙权抗曹的决心,由他使之坚定;周瑜导

演的“群英会”、“蒋干盗书”,黄盖的苦肉计、诈降计,被他一眼看穿;他与周瑜共同商定战役的关键决策火攻计;且又能借来实行火攻的决定性的东风。可以说,孙刘联盟在夺取胜利的道路上每前进一步,都离不开他的智慧;如果没有他,盟军要想打败曹操几乎是不可能的。 其次,他是伟大的发明家。诸葛亮重视装备的革新和战术的改进,创制了可巧运粮草的“木牛流马”和神秘的“八阵图”,造射杀力极强的连弩,还发明了神奇的孔明灯。 以孔明灯为例, 这是诸葛亮北伐被司马懿困于平阳时所发明的一种用来向救兵传递信 息的空飘灯,也是热气球的起源。在科技不发达的三国时代,诸葛亮仍能成为世界上第一个发现热气球空飘这个原理的人,真是名副其实的卧龙!称他为“智慧的化身”实不为过。 好了,各位游客,咱们已经了解了诸葛亮了,那刘备的陵墓又是怎样呢?就让我们带着悬念去下一个景点——刘备陵墓看看吧。 谢谢!各位评委我的讲解完毕篇五: 武侯祠导游词 武侯祠位于汉中勉县城西3公里处,川陕公路以南,汉江以北,始建于公元263年,比成都的武侯祠还早50年,是全国最早,也是唯一由皇帝下诏修建的武侯祠,因而有 “天下第一武侯词”之称。 诸葛亮死后,朝廷上下都纷纷恳求为他修建祠庙。但是因为刘备的宗庙建在成都,多有不便,于是公元263年在勉县武侯墓旁边为他修建了一座祠庙。明代,因为原来的武侯祠已过于破烂,于是人们在当年武侯相府之地,即现址重修了武侯祠。 武侯祠占地50余亩,巍峨壮观,规模宏伟,有7个院落,现存有大殿、拜殿、木楼、木牌坊、琴楼、钟鼓楼、截门、祟圣词、琴亭等古建筑叫座、80余间,匾联幻余副,石碑知多块,多为明、清建筑。它们融书法、文学、绘画、古建、雕刻、园林于一体,格调高雅,既是凭吊先贤之所,又是文物游览之地。更有意义的是,勉县武侯祠所在地乃诸葛亮当年赴汉中屯军北伐的“行辕相府”故址。 公元年,诸葛亮因积劳成疾,病卒于北伐前线的五丈原,时年岁。诸葛亮为蜀汉求相,生前曾被封为“武乡侯”(武乡在今汉中市的武乡镇),逝后又被刘禅追谥为“忠武侯”,因此历史上尊称其祠庙为 武侯词 。 现在,请大家随我进入大门。迎面的这个建筑叫乐楼。乐楼是历代人们在每年八月庙会期间祭祖诸葛亮演戏的舞台,楼台口檐柱上部各有斜柱一根支撑檐擦,

上有浮雕戏剧人物。从服饰上来看,当为羌族文化遗物,这些浮雕为研究汉水流域羌人活动提供了可靠依据。 位于乐楼广场东、西两侧的是东、西辕门,它修建在当年出人蜀 地的必经之道上,千百年来文武百官路经此处必须下轿下马,以表示对诸葛亮的崇敬。 请大家看这座高大的牌楼,牌楼的正面写着:

汉丞相诸葛武乡忠武侯祠。另一面则撰有:天下第一流。意思是诸葛亮一生充满传奇、充满忠诚,他是天下第一流的忠诚之士,第一流的智慧之星。看完牌楼,我们便进入第二院落。 这座楼叫琴楼。相传它是诸葛亮设 “空城计”谋略之地(历史上“空城计”发生在勉县老城之西的地方)。琴楼的两侧,为钟鼓楼。大家有没有注意到,我们这里的钟鼓楼方位不同于传统的钟鼓楼建筑的方位,即东面为钟楼,西面为鼓楼,取晨钟暮鼓之意。我们这里的钟楼位于西面,而鼓楼位于东面,意为诸葛亮不忘北伐,统一汉室,故而西钟东鼓。 穿过琴楼,我们将进入主体院。 这个门叫戟门。它是历代排列兵器之所,两侧悬挂著名法家于右任先生的题联:

“此处始终关大汉,何年将相似先生”,说明了孔明在蜀汉政权中的重要地位。 戟门前方的殿堂叫拜殿。拜殿内两侧山墙及正面檐下唐、明、清各代碑石林立,窟联众多,竖有碑石70余块, 代名人如李白、苏轼、 王安石、陆游、顾炎武等,都在祠有诗文刻石。杜甫留诗日:

“武侯词堂不可忘,中有松柏参天长。干戈满地客愁破,云日如火炎天凉。”请大家看这几个“大名垂宇宙,遗像肃清风”,是于右任先生感慨诸葛亮的际遇而书写的。是啊!作为中国古代杰出的政治家和军事诸葛亮是值得人们永远纪念的。正如岑参诗日:

“遗庙空肃然;英灵贯千岁。” 现在,我们看到的这座大殿就是祭祖诸葛亮的大殿,请大家随我进人。正中的神拿中,是诸葛亮的塑像。但见他端坐其中,神情自若,右手扶古琴,左手持兵书,给人以超凡入圣的感觉。其塑像旁边为侍立的琴童,神拿下两侧分别为侍卫关兴 和张苞,大殿上悬挂书有“忠贯云霄”四字的愿额,是嘉庆皇帝亲题,高度评价了诸葛亮的一生。 大殿后为祟圣祠,又称寝宫,古代宗庙分为两部分,前面的叫庙,后面的叫寝,一般称其为 “前庙后寝”

或 “前堂后寝”。寝宫东南边是琴台,世传诸葛亮在世时曾在此抚琴。登上此台,放眼南瞰,汉水东流,沃野千里,使人心旷神怡。琴台边有一裸皂角树,有趣的是,一般皂角树都长刺,可它不长,当地人附会说,因为长在武侯伺,由于孔明一生仁慈爱民,所以连皂角树都不长刺,连草木都有情呀! 武侯祠内还有一株奇花树----“旱莲”,旱莲是汉中市的市花。此树为稀有的木本植物,己有400多年的历史,是后人为纪念诸葛亮所 植。粉红色,酷似莲花,故称为“旱莲”。旱莲树是植物中的“大熊猫”,属木兰科,又名 “应春树”。武侯词内的这株旱莲是迄今世界上发现的唯一一株。1979年文物普查时,专家用碳十四测定它的树龄为400多年,相当于明代万历年间,与祠内的墓志相吻合。 旱莲的奇异之处是先花后叶。它每年5月开始长花蕾,经过夏、秋、冬三个季节,第二年3月开花,先花后叶,花期很短,仅十多天。花苞刚开放时呈红色,艳如桃花。花越开颜色越淡,宛如粉莲,花团锦簇,丽冠群芳,颇具“出污泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖”之姿。人们把它理解为是诸葛亮淡泊廉洁、奇才大志、名闻于世的象征。人们把旱莲花蕾的生长比作生命孕育的艰难过程,把开花季节比作生命诞生时的可爱。传说能看到早莲花的人,当年一定好运。 诸葛亮在我国是家喻户晓的智慧与忠诚的代表,他的高风亮节为世人所敬仰,所以历来文人、显贵经过此地,都要亲临武侯祠,来拜谒诸葛孔明。因此,千百年来,武侯墓和武侯词香火不断。现在,武侯墓和武侯祠已成为汉中吸引中外游客的著名旅游胜地。

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