名词所有格它主要包括 ’s所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式。
A. ’s 所有格的用法
1. 表示有生命的东西的名词末尾加’s。例如:Jim's bed, the man's wife, children's toys, the fox's tail
2. 以—es或—s结尾的名词末尾加\"’s\"。例如:the students’ books, Teachers' Day, my boss’ office, a girls' dormitory
3. 有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词,也可以加's构成所有格。例如:today’s newspaper, five minutes’ walk,表示两者共同拥有的人或物(共有)时,只需要后一个名词加's(或’)即可。如果表示两者各自的所属关系(各自所有),则每个名词词尾都加上’s(或 ' )。例如:
Joan and Jane's room(房间属二人共同所有)
Joan's and Jane's room(指Joan和Jane各自的房间)
an hour and a half’s walk (步行一个半小时的路程)
4. 's所有格所修饰的词的省略现象
(1)表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词,其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。
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例如:
I met her at the doctor's(office).我在诊所遇见了她。
He has gone to the tailor’s(shop).他到服装店去了。
She went to Mr.Black's(house)yesterday.她昨天到布莱克先生家去了.
(2)名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到过,往往可以省略,以免重复。例如:
Whose pen is this?It's Tom's.这是谁的钢笔?是汤姆的。
The bike is not mine,but Wang Pinpin’s.这辆自行车不是我的,是王品品的。
B。 of 所有格的用法:
of所有格由of加名词构成,其用法归纳如下:
1. of所有格一般用于无生命的东西的名词中.例如:a map of the world, the story of a hero, the windows of the room, the title of the film
2. 用于名词化的词。例如:the sticks of the blind 盲人的拐杖
3. 修饰词较多时也可用of所有格。例如:
the very long and graceful tail of the black cat 黑猫的又长又美的尾巴
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4. 表示有生命的东西的名词,有时也可以用of所有格。例如:
the children of the family 那家的孩子们
5. 某些of所有格和’s所有格可以互换。the son of a poor peasant=a poor peasant's son 一个贫农的儿子
6. 某些of所有格和's所有格互换,有时含义却不相同,请比较下面的例子:
an old woman’s story(一个老妇人讲自己的身世)
the story of an old woman(别人讲一个老妇人的身世)
7。 起修饰作用的名词,如不表示所有关系,通常不用’s.
例 room number,tooth brush
C。 双重所有格及其用法
’s所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起,构成\"of+所有格”形式,即双重的所有格.它通常表示部分观念,即全体中的一部分,在意义上与\"one of...”相似,它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。此外,双重所有格与指示代词连用时,常带有感情色彩,如赞赏、不满、厌恶等。它的主要形式如下:
1. 名词+of+名词性物主代词。例如:
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a good friend of mine 我的一个好朋友
an interesting story of his 他的有趣的经历
2. 名词+of+’s所有格。例如:
He is a friend of my sister’s.(=one of my sister’s friends)他是我姐姐的一个朋友
Look at that long nose of Jack’s.看杰克的那个长鼻子。(感情色彩)
试比较:
a picture of Xiao Zhang 小张(本人)的照片
a picture of Xiao Zhang's 小张(所拥有的照片中)的一张照片
3. 不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词(some,any,many,no,few等)以及which等限定词,一般不与形容词性物主代词或’s所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词,而采用of所有格或双重所有格形式.例如:
most of the students 学生中的大多数
three of them 他们中的三个人
I have read some books of his.我读过他的一些书
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Which book of Qiong Yao's have you read?你读过琼瑶的哪一本书?
's所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三者之间的细微区别
请仔细比较下面三句话:
1. She is Mary's brother’s friend.
2. She is a friend of Mary’s brother.
3. She is a friend of Mary’s brother's.
1句用的是’s所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,突出friend一词.
2句用的是of所有格,侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系,强调突出了Mary’s brother。
3句用的是双重所有格,侧重说明Mary哥哥的朋友不止是一个,她只是其中的一个.
用所给词的适当形式填空:
1。March 8th is __________Day. (woman).
2.Taking twenty __________(分钟) exercise every day is good for your health。
3.The shop sells ____________(妇女) handbags。
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4。Teachers in western countries have a __________(三个月的) holiday in a year。
5.I'll give my English teacher a card for ____________Day. (teacher)
6。It’s only ten __________walk from the station to the hotel。 (minute)
7。It’s an __________(hour) ride from here to the museum.
选择填空:
1.--——How’s Joy’s skirt?
————Her skirt is more beautiful than ________.
A.her sister’s and Kate B.her sister and Kate
C。her sister and Kate’s D.her sister’s and Kate’s
2.This is _______ room。 The twin sisters like it very much。
A。Lucy's and Lily’s B。Lucy’s and Lily C.Lucy and Lily's
3.In ______ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too。A。few years B.a few years’ C.a few year D。year’s
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a few
4.We will have a ___________holiday after the exam。
A。 two month B. two–month C. two month’s D。 two–months
5.Did you hear the ___________report?
A. policemen B. policemen’s C。 policemens’ D. policemens
6.It’s about __________walk from my home。
A. ten minute B。 ten minutes’ C. ten minute's D。 ten minutes
7.This is my dress. That one is ______________.
A. Mary B. Mary’s C. sister D。 mother
8.Every morning Mr。 Smith takes a ________ to his office。
A. 20 minutes walk B。 20 minute's walk C。 20-minutes walk D. 20—minute walk
9.Where is ___________ sweater ? I can’t see it。
A。 Lucy B。 Lucys C。 Lucy's
10.__________ mothers made them have piano lessons。
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A。 Peter and Anne B. Peter’s and Anne’s C. Peter's and Anne D. Peter and Anne’s
11.The room on the right is ________.
A. her B。 she C. Lucy’s D。 Lucy
12.We’ll have a ____________ holiday. What about going to the West Lake?
A. two days B. two—day C. two—days D. two-days’
13.The market isn’t far from here. It’s only ___________ bicycle ride。
A. half an hours’ B. half an hour’s
C. half an hour D。 an hour and a half
14.Where’s your father ? At _________.
A。 Mr Green’s B. Mr. Green C. the Mr. Green’s
15.The twin brothers always put small presents in ___________stockings on Christmas Day.
A。 each other’s B。 each other C. each others D. each others'
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16.My father will have a _________ holiday next month. He'll take me to Qingdao.
A。 ten days B. ten days’ C。 ten-days D。 ten day’s
17.Where have you been these days?
I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend __________.
A. in Chinese B. of Japan C。 of American’s D. from Canada
18.When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between ____________。
A. Ted and Ben B. Ted’s and Ben
C. Ted and Ben’s D。 Ted’s and Ben's
19.It is said that SARS has killed more than _______________ people worldwide.
A. three hundreds B. three hundreds'
C。 three hundred’s D. three hundred
20.Kate won the _______ race in the summer sports meeting。
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A. 100-metre B. 100-metres C. 100 metre D。 100 metre’s
21.Whose bike is it ? It's ____________.
A. John B. John’s C。 Johns’ D。 Johns
22.I’ll give you ________to finish the work。 OK.
A. two week’s time B. two weeks’ time
C. two week time D. two weeks time
23.________ desk is the cleanest in the classroom.
A. Ann's and Tom B. Ann and Tom’s
C。 Ann and Tom D。 Ann’s and Tom's
24.My pen is black。 _________ is blue。
A。 Kates B。 Kate C。 Kate’s
25.Is this your room? No, it’s _________room。
A. the children B. the children’s
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C. of the children D。 the childrens’
26.Who is the man in the blue car? He is __________ father.
A。 Kate’s and Mary’s B。 Kate and Mary’s
C。 Kate and Mary D. of Kate and Mary
Answers:1-5 DCBBB 6-10 BBDCB 11-15 CBBAA 16-20
BDDDA 21-26 BBBCBB
1.Women’s 2. minutes’ 3. women's 4. three months' 5。 Teachers’ 6。
minutes’ 7。 hour’s
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