专四语法题

英语专业四级语法练习题

1. Space exploration promises to open up many new territories for human settlement, as well as the harvest of mineral resources.

A. leads to B. to lead to C. leading to D. lead to

2. Someday, solar power collected by satellites the earth may give us all the energy we need for an expanding civilization.

A. circled B. to circle C. circling D. circles

3. In this experiment, they are wakened several times during the night, and asked to report what they .

A. had just been dreaming B. are just dreaming

C. have just been dreaming D. had just dreamt

4. Her terror was so great somewhere to escape, she would have run for her life. A. only if B. that there had only been

C. that had there only been D. if there were only

5. Some women a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.

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A. must make B. should have made

C. would make D. could have made

6. A light with no more power than by an ordinary electric light bulb becomes intensely strong as it is concentrated to a pinpoint-sized beam.

A. as is produced B. that produced

C. that is produced D. produced

7. For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone what lay beneath the surface.

A. asking B. ask C. to ask D. be asked

8. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _____ at the other store.

A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones

9. The atmosphere is as much a part of the earth as its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans.

A. are B. is C. do D. has

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10. From now on, when anyone in our ranks who has done some useful work dies, soldier or cook, we should have a funeral ceremony and a memorial meeting in his honor.

A. no matter he is B. whether he has been

C. be he D. whether be he

11. In 1921 Einstein won the Nobel Prize, and was honored in Germany until the rise of Nazism he was driven from Germany because he was a Jew.

A. then B. and C. when D. before

12. Physics is the present-day equivalent of used to be called natural philosophy from which most of present-day science arose.

A. that B. all C. which D. what

13. _____ the population of working age increased by 1 million between 1981 and 1986, today it is barely growing.

A. Whereas B. Even if C. After D. Now that

14. By the first decade of the 21st century, international commercial traffic vastly beyond today’s levels.

A. will be expected to extend B. will have been expected to extend

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C. is expected to be extended D. is expected to have extended

15. His features were agreeable; his body, slight of build, had something of athletic outline.

A. somehow B. as C. though D. somewhat

16. We advocate the economic, cultural and religious traditions of all national minorities.

A. to respect B. to be respected respected

C. respecting D. having

17. There are two horses at the ends of a rope with all their might in opposite directions.

A. pulling B. pull C. pulled D. to pull

18. Today the Tennessee Valley is one of the richest areas in the world. But if things as they were it would now be a desert.

A. had left B. were left C. had been left D. had been leaving

19. After twenty years abroad, William came back only ____ how his hometown was damaged in an earthquake.

A. to find out B. finding out

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C. to have found out D. to be finding

out

20. Relaxation, fresh air, pure water and clean food, is essential to a sound mind and healthy body.

A. much less than B. no less than C. no more than D. any less than

21. It is far better to do well a bit of work which is well a large fortune.

A. worthy to be done than have B. worth doing than to have

C. worthwhile to do than have D. worthy of doing than have

22. Understanding the cultural habit of another nation, especially containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.

A. one B. the one C. that D. such

23. Whether or not the next plan will yield any positive results to be seen.

A. remain B. remains C. is remained D. have remained

24. If ever again happens an accident like this, we will have only ourselves to blame.

A. it B. so C. there D. that

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25. This is the most important respect civilized man can be distinguished from primitive communities.

A. which B. in which C. with which D. that

26. With production steadily, the factory needs an ever-increasing supply of raw materials.

A. having gone up B. goes up

C. gone up D. going up

27. I thought the technician was to blame for the blowing of the fuse, but I see now I was mistaken.

A. how B. that C. where D. why

28. The members of the delegation were glad longer than originally planned. A. to be staying B. staying

C. to have stayed D. if they stayed

29. The students were much encouraged a chance to talk with the Americans in English.

A. to get

B. gotten C. to have got D. having got

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30. When a person is in a happy frame of mind, he may agree on the thing that he won’t tolerate when he is not in the right frame of mind. A. doing B. to do C. done D. to be done

31. Recently many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still unable to understand what they read. A. are B. to be C. being D. have been

32. I the train but I overslept that morning.

A. could catch B. might catch caught

C. must have caught D. could have

33. It is very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you it.

A. mustn’t have done B. wouldn’t have done

C. mightn’t have done D. didn’t have to do

34. Taking more vitamin than the body needs does not make it function better over-fulfilling the oil lamp makes it lighten better.

A. no more than B. any more than C. not more than D. much more than

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35. Do you have any idea what Jim does all Sunday? He spends as much time idling about as he does ____.

A. his study B. studying C. to study D. on his study

36. Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks, the experienced writer in the handling of his words.

A. and so is B. as is C. the same is D. so is

37. The new hotel has erected a beautiful building with recreation area and conference facilities on the top floor the finest view of the city can be obtained.

A. in which B. over which C. where D. there

38. We agree to accept they thought was the best tourist guide.

A. whatever B. whomever C. whichever D. whoever

39. Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.

A. by which B. so that that

C. in that D. provided

40. A beam of light will not bend round corners unless to do so with the help of a reflecting device.

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A. made B. being made C. having made D. to be made

41. A knock at the door again! It was the third time someone me that evening.

A. has interrupted B. had interrupted

C. to have interrupted D. would have interrupted

42. The government agrees to install services by residents over a ten-year period.

A. which are to be paid for B. for which to be paid

C. which to be paid for D. to be paid for which

43. He would always ignore the fact of such a contradiction in his inner thought.

A. there to be B. there being C. it being D. there having been

44. They us willingly but they happened to be short of hands, too.

A. would help B. would have helped C. were going to help D. must have helped

45. Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night no matter what we during the day. A. should have done

B. would have done

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C. may have done D. must

have done

46. If you are to catch a train, it is always better to be comfortably early than even a fraction of a minute late.

A. too B. very C. much D. rather

47. If you have been generous to a person for a period of time, it is most likely that the person will take advantage of your generosity and trade on your “weakness” become appreciative of your kindness.

A. but not B. let alone C. rather than D. instead of

48. A poet must not write for the ages past, but for in which he lives and those which are to follow.

A. one B. those C. the one D. that

49. There is a delicate balance of nature many square miles of ocean and vegetation and clean air are needed to maintain only a relatively few human beings.

A. where B. in which C. when D. how

50. There are cases new factories are being put up and beautiful old trees are going to be cut down for a new factory.

A. which

B. where C. that D. when

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51. Somebody in the next room must be ill, a doctor has just come out.

A. because B. for C. in that D. as

52. To understand the situation completely requires more thought than thus far.

A. has given B. was given C. being given D. has been given

53. Of great significance the nation-wide movement is the Kampuchean people in their heroic struggle against the aggression of the Vietnamese.

A. to support B. for supporting C. supporting D. of supporting

. Many farmers came to the city, jobs and for all the other legendary opportunities of life in the city.

A. looking for B. to look for C. having looked for D. looked for

55. It is requested that an applicant whose undergraduate work is done at another institution two copies of undergraduate transcripts and degrees directly to the dean of the graduate school.

A. must send B. send C. are to send D. need send

56. You her in her office last Friday; she’s been out of town for two weeks.

A. needn’t have seen B. might have seen

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C. must have seen D. can’t have

seen

57. When we arrived, he found the aged and the sick at home.

A. none but B. none other than C. nothing but D. no other than

58. I hope all the precautions against air pollution, are suggested by the local government, will be seriously considered here.

A. as B. while C. after D. since

59. Suppose there were a flood or an earthquake and the people could not be reached by trains or trucks. packages of food could be dropped from planes, the people might starve.

A. Until B. Before C. Unless D. If only

60. Mary has long had the desire a famous writer even though the study of writing would require years of sacrifice on her part.

A. for becoming B. to become C. of becoming D. becoming

61. This is so difficult a problem that the scientist is known to on it for about ten years, but hasn’t found a solution yet.

A. have worked B. have been working C. be working D. work on

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62. You such a long essay; our teacher only asked for 200 words, and you have written 300!

A. mustn’t have written B. couldn’t have written

C. needn’t have written D. might not as well have written

63. _____ for aches, pains and fever, aspirin is now the subject of multiple investigations of its role in treating many more serious complaints.

A. Long used B. Being used long been used

C. Having been long used D. It has long

. In no country Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.

A. better than B. more than C. other than D. rather than

65. “What do you suggest I write about, then, to stand a chance next year?” “It isn’t so much you write as the way you write it.”

A. what…that B. what…which C. what…how D. which…that

66. After people have learned that magnets attract things, centuries passed they took note of the fact that magnets sometimes also repel things.

A. before B. until C. after

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D. since

67. I walked down the corridor, my footsteps frighteningly through the empty deserted building.

A. echoing B. echoed C. to echo D. having echoed

68. Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers ________ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.

A. that B. what C. which D. whose

1. C as well as 在语法功能上相当于介词，所以在句中要接动名词leading to。

2. C句子的主语为solar power or fission power，谓语是may give, collected by satellite circling the earth是后置定语修饰solar power，其中circling the earth 又是现在分词短语修饰satellite，“环绕地球的卫星”，相当于the satellite which circles the earth。其他选择项均不符合句子语法结构要求。

3. C句中已给出频次状语several times，说明要用完成时态，同时句子的时态定位是现在时they are wakened，显然不能用过去完成时，所以选C。

4. C这是一个so…that结构表示结果状语的句型， A、D 可以排除。在that从句中又有条件从句，而且应该是虚拟语气结构，B中没有表示条件的连词，是错误的。C虽然也没有连词if，但采用了倒装结构，可以将if省略，又是had done，表示与过去事实相反的假设，时态、结构完全正确，因此是惟一正确的选择。

5. D这是一个含蓄虚拟句，意为“有些妇女完全可以不呆在家里，干一份工作挣得可观的工资，可是她们决定不工作，为的是照顾家庭”，所以选D。should have made意思是“本应该做而实际上

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没做”，与原句意不够贴切。

6. B相当于A light with no more power than the power that is produced by…。that代替power，表示相比较的事物，而D中没有比较对象，故不对；as表示原级比较，不与than用在一起，故A也不正确；C中缺少that的先行词，也是错误的。

7. C let alone，“更不用说……”，在用法上相当于并列连词，因此要求填入与前面一样的结构，此处是不定式。

8. D句子要求填一个能够代替these refrigerators 的代词，故排除A、C。the others一般与另一部分相对而言，在此句中不对，所以选the ones。

9. A句子后半句是倒装句，主语是复数its soil and the water of its lakes, rivers and oceans，因为较长，所以后置，故选A。

10. C此句含有让步状语从句whether…or…“不管是……还是……”，采用倒装后省略连词，用原形动词，所以只能选C。

11. C when引导时间从句：“纳粹上台的时候,他被赶出德国……”then不是连词, 用在句中不符合句法要求; 如果选B, 应为and then; before填入句中句意不通。

12. D句中要求一个能够引导of介词宾语从句的连接词, 所以只有what具有这个功能。

13. A前后两个句子是对比关系: increased和barely growing, 而even if表示让步“即使”; after表示时间;now that表示原因, 故只有whereas正确。

14. D句子讲的是 “人们期待到21世纪前10年时,国际性商业航空交通远远超过当今水平”, 人

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们现在就期待, 而不是将来期待, 所以A、B是错误的; 另外, 表示到将来某一时刻为止已经完成的动作或出现的状态, 应用将来完成时, 按句意, 是指extend这一动作的完成, 所以应该在不定式上体现出来。根据上述分析, 选D符合句意要求。

15. C though 表示让步, 意为“虽然”，全句的意思是: “他的长相挺好, 身体虽然瘦小, 但有点儿运动员的样子。”somehow“不知怎么”、“不知什么原因”。as 可以引导让步从句,但句子结构要倒装, 不用于省略句, 因此在此处不合适。somewhat“有几分”、“有点儿”, 没有让步意味。

16. C动词advocate后接动名词而不接不定式做宾语。D虽然是动名词, 但用其完成式在语义上讲不通。

17. A pulling是现在分词在句中做horses的定语, 相当于which pull。

18. C had been left表示与过去事实相反的假设 “如果情况还像以前那样”。

19. A不定式to find out做结果状语,有意想不到的含义。不定式表示结果时, 用其一般式即可。

20. B no less than “与……同样(重要)”。全句意为: “放松休息, 就像新鲜空气、纯净水、清洁的食品一样, 是健康的身心所不可缺少的。”

21. B to have a large fortune与to do well a bit of work…是并列不定式。另外，worth, worthy, worthwhile在用法上的区别是:(1)worth是介词, 后接动名词或名词，形成介词短语。接动名词时, 与主语是动宾关系，其形式是主动的，意义是被动的。如: The book is worth reading. (2)worthy是形容词, 置于be动词后或名词后面, 做后位修饰语, 其结构是: be worthy of doing sth., sth. is worthy to be done。(3)worthwhile是形容词，要与形式主语it并用：It is worthwhile to read the book.worth和worthy都不能用于这种结构。

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22. A one 指代前面提到的具有泛指含义的可数名词单数, 在该句中指代another nation, 句中属于泛指，可见B是错误的。such指代前面讲过的整个情况，多用作主语。that 指物时常用来指代不可数名词, 指代可数名词时具有特指含义。

23. B whether 引导名词性从句做主语, 谓语动词应为单数。另外，remain一般不用被动式, 所以B为正确选项。

24. C这是there be句型的异化形式，即there be 句型中还可以用be以外的不及物动词，如live, stand, exist, come, remain等。

25. B要填入的成分在从句中做状语, 据此排除A、D。另外，respect要求介词in, 相当于in this respect “在这方面”, 故选in which。

26. D全句用的是一般现在时态, 说明一种情况, go 是非及物动词, 要填入的是with介词短语的一部分，应用动名词形式, 所以选going up。

27. B that引导宾语从句, see在句中的意思是understand。此句切不可从汉语角度理解成 “我怎么错了”或 “我为什么错了” 而错选了A或D。

28. C句子用的是过去时态…were glad…, 不定式完成式to have stayed表示这一动作发生在谓语动词were glad之前, 相当于：The members of the delegation were glad that they had stayed longer than originally planned.

29. C句中不定式表示原因: “学生有机会用英语与美国人交谈，很受鼓舞。” 所以应用不定式完成式。如果句子用的是一般现在时are, 那么选A是对的。

30. A tolerate要求动名词做宾语, 只能选A。

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31. C动名词being 做students 的逻辑谓语, 相当于…students… being unable to understand what they read。整个动名词短语做of的宾语，所以只能选C。

32. D这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句，前半部分假设，后半部分真实，因此应选could have caught，意为“我本来能赶上火车的，可是那天早上我睡过头了”。区别这类含蓄虚拟条件句的关键词是but。

33. D didn’t have to do it“不用非得洗(碗)”，符合句意。

34. B not…any more than…“与……同样不……”。本句意为：“摄入的维生素超过了身体所需要的量并不能使身体更好地发挥作用, 就像往油灯中倒入过多的油不能使其更亮一样。” no more…than 与not…any more than同义, 但句中前半部分已有not, 此处再填no是错误的。

35. B此题测试的是平行结构问题, 即在并列或比较结构中，并列或比较的成分在语法形式上应一致。 如该句中应为：He spends as much time idling about as he spends (much) time studying.句中does 代替spends, idling与studying平行。

36. D句子用的是just as…so…句型，后半部分要求倒装，所以应选D。

37. C where引导定语从句，在从句中做地点状语，相当于from the top floor。

38. D whoever引导名词性从句，并在从句中做主语，用来指人。they thought 是插入成分。

39. C in that“是因为”，引导原因状语从句，符合句意。by which表示手段；so that引导目的状语从句；provided that引导条件状语从句。

40. A made to do so是it is made to do so 的省略形式。unless是连词，应连接句子，所以除A以外的其他几个选项都是错误的。

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41. B此处用过去完成时，是因为本句意指“到那次敲门，已经是第三次有人打搅我了”。句中用词was和that evening都说明指过去发生的事，到过去某一时刻为止已出现的情况用过去完成时。

42. A which在句中是关系代词，要引导一个句子，而B、C、D三个选项中都没有谓语，因此不是句子。本句意为：“同意提供服务设施，经费由居民在十年期间偿还。”

43. B there being 做介词of 的宾语，如果是介词for，则用there to be。

44. B此句是含蓄虚拟语气句，暗含的假设条件为：if they hadn’t happened to be short of hands。故应选B。

45. C may have done“(不管我们白天)可能做了些什么”，符合句意。should have done“本该做(但实际未做)”；would have done表示与过去相反的假设；must have done是对已发生的情况作肯定推测。

46. A句中too late相当于too late to catch the train，所以选其他词不合适。

47. C rather than 表示对比，在意思上前后形成对照：take advantage of your generosity…rather than become appreciative of your kindness意为“利用你的慷慨，而不是理解你的好意”。另外，rather than在结构上起并列作用，使take advantage与become appreciative平行。

48. C the one替代the age，还原为：…but must write for the age in which he lives and the ages which are to follow。

49. B in which在定语从句中做状语，相当于in the balance of nature (many square miles of…)。

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50. C that引导case的同位语从句，其他连接词都不合适。

51. B for连接一个原因分句，对前面的推测做原因上的解释。请考生记住：无论从逻辑推理还是从语法规则上看，只要前面是表示推测的句子，后面大都用for连接后一句，而不用其他连词。

52. D时间状语thus far“到目前为止”，与现在完成时连用，据此排除B、C。比较从句完整的结构应该是…than the thought which has been given thus far，可以把than 看做关系代词在从句中做主语，也可以把主语看做是省略了。

53. A题句由于主语较长，采用了倒装结构，可还原为：the nation-wide movement to support the Kampuchean people in their heroic struggle against the aggression of the Vietnamese is of great significance。movement要求不定式做定语，其他选项均不符合语法规则。

. A looking for…分词短语做came的伴随状语，如果选to look for做目的状语的话，不该有逗号。

55. B动词request要求其主语从句、宾语从句或同位语从句中谓语动词用(should+)原形表示虚拟。该句中that引导的是主语从句。

56. D can’t have done 表示对已发生的情况作否定推测“一定不是/没……”，根据句意只能选D。

57. A none but相当于no one but“只有”，通常接表示人的词；nothing but接表示物的词；none other than和no other than两者的意思都是“(不是别的)……正是……”，与本题全句意思不符。

58. A as在句中是关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词是precautions，其他几个选项都不是关系代词，所以是错误的。

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59. C unless“除非”，从主从句的逻辑关系上看是惟一正确选择。句意：“假如发生了水灾或地震，且火车、汽车又无法通至灾区，除非用飞机空投，否则那里的人们就会饿死。”

60. Bt o become在句中做desire的定语，意为“成为一个著名作家的愿望”，其他结构一般不做desire的定语。

61. B不定式to have been working…做主语scientist的补足语，用完成进行式表示：“这个科学家已对如此复杂的问题研究了大约十年，并且还要继续研究下去。”

62. C needn’t have done sth.表示做了不必做的事，此句意为：“你真不必写这么长的文章，老师告诉我们只写200个词，可你写了300个词。”

63. AB、C选项之所以错，主要是由于long的位置不对，应为：B. Being long used…；C Having long been used…。句子前半部分是状语，故D也不对。由此可见A是惟一正确的选择。

. C other than 的意思相当于except，常用在否定词之后，如nobody other than…，nothing other than等。本句中与no在一起连用，意为“只有在英国……”。it has been said是插入语。

65. A句中的第一个空白处需要一个引导名词性从句的关系代词，在从句中做write 的宾语；第二个空白处要填一个修饰way的定语从句的关系代词，因此只能选A。注意: 先行词是way, 引导定语从句的关系代词一定不能用how, 可以用in which, 可以用that, 也可以省略不用。

66. A before应该理解成“(几百年过去了,人们) 才……”; 如果用after应该是…after centuries passed they took note of the fact…; 如果用until, 应该是they didn’t take note of the fact that…until centuries passed。

67. A分词短语做伴随状语, my footsteps与echo的关系是主动的,因此用现在分词。另外, 分词

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做伴随状语表示与谓语动词的动作同时发生, 所以用其一般式。

68. D

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