Behind the scenes 幕后
Hello, everyone! Let me start by asking you a question: what's the first thing you notice about a film? The acting? The music? Maybe the amazing sets? Whatever your answer is, there's always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. Actually, the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of which takes place behind the scenes. Today, I'Il give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not be familiar with.
大家好！让我来先问你们一个问题作为开场：对于一部电影你首先会注意什么？表演？配乐？也许是令人惊叹的布景？无论你们的答案是什么，事情总要比你们认为的要复杂得多。事实上，你在银幕上看到的电影是大量艰苦工作的产物，其中大部分工作发生在幕后。今天我将就电影制作中你们可能不太熟悉的几个方面做一个简单的介绍。
To begin with, I'd like to draw your attention to an important factor of a film- sound effects. These are often added after a scene has been shot and might not be made in the way you would expect. For example, in Jurassic Park, the sounds of different animals, including a baby elephant and a tiger, were mixed by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. The sound of the doors opening in the Star Trek films was made simply by pulling a sheet of paper out of an envelope.
首先，我想请你们注意电影的一个重要元素——音效。音效通常是在一个场景拍摄完成之后添加的，而且可能是以你意想不到的方式制作的。例如，《侏罗纪公园》中恐龙的吼叫声，是用包括小象和老虎在内的不同动物的声音通过电脑合成的。在《星际迷航》系列电影里，开门的声音不过是通过从信封里抽取纸张来实现的。
Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effects. CGI has been frequently used in film-making as a special effects technology. Generally, scenes requiring CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio. As green doesn't match any natural hair or skin colour, actors can be easily separated from the background. This enables CGI effects to be added later. The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen. However, the aid of computers isn't always preferred. Peter Jackson, director of The Lord ofthe Rings films, took a creative approach-he used clever camera angles to make characters seem bigger or smaller than they really were.
另一个我认为非常重要的方面是视觉特效。CGI（计算机生成影像）作为一种特效技术在电影制作中已经很常用。一般来说，需要使用 CGI 的场景会在工作室的绿幕前拍摄。因为绿色与任何自然的人类发色或肤色都不同，演员可以轻易地与背景分离。这使得在后期添加 CGI 效果成为可能。“ 哈利 · 波特”系列电影中魁地奇比赛的场景就是通过演员在绿幕前上下跳跃这种方式制作的。不过，计算机辅助并不总是受到青睐。“指环王”系列电影的导演彼得 · 杰克逊采用了一种创造性的方法——他利用各种巧妙的拍摄角度，使剧中角色看起来比实际更大更小。
Props also contribute to a film's success. To make a film look real, great effort must sometimes be made to research, find and build objects. Director James Cameron spent six months looking at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build a full-sized model for his 1997 film. He talked to historians to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see what was left of the ship for himself. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, not to mention the thousands of props inside.
道具也为一部电影的成功助力。为了让电影看起来逼真，有时必须付出巨大的努力去研究、寻找和构建物体。导演詹姆斯·卡梅隆花了半年时间研究和修正“泰坦尼克号”的图纸，为的是在他 1997 年的电影中制作一个全尺寸模型。他和历史学家进行交流以确保细节无误，甚至亲自潜到大西洋海底查看“泰坦尼克号”
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 的残骸。为了制作这个精致的模型，500 名工人用了 100 天，更不用说内部还有成千上万的道具了。
My lecture today may not be able to do justice to all the work people have done behind the scenes. Just as the poor passengers on the real Titanic saw the tip of the iceberg, what we see on the cinema screen is just the tip of the huge iceberg of film-making. Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you'll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes. They have worked for months and even years so that you can have two hours of enjoyment!
我今天的讲座，可能无法对所有的幕后工作者给予公正的评价。正如“泰坦尼克号”上可怜的乘客看到的冰山一角一样，我们在影院银幕上看到的也只是电影制作这座巨大冰山的一角而已。希望下次你们走进电影院时，能想一想所有那些才华出众的幕后工作者。他们工作了数月甚至是数年，如此你们才能有两个小时的愉悦时光！
Forrest Gump (Excerpt) 《阿甘正传》（节选）
Forrest Gump is a 1994 film starring Tom Hanks. It tells the story of ForrestGump, a simple man with a warm personality. Despite an IQ of 75, he lives a truly amazing life. He sees, and sometimes influences, some of the major events of the United States in the second half of the 20th century.
《阿甘正传》是 1994 年由汤姆·汉克斯主演的电影。影片讲述了福雷斯特·冈普——一个单纯和热心的人的故事。尽管智商只有 75，他的生活却着实精彩。20 世纪下半叶美国社会发生的一些重大事件，他是亲历者，有几次他还对这些大事件产生了影响。
Mrs Gump and Forrest wait for the school bus. The bus pulls up as Mrs Gump prepares Forrest for his first day of school.
冈普太太和福雷斯特等校车。冈普太太帮福雷斯特为第一天开学做准备，此时校车停下。 MRS GUMP: You do your very best now, Forrest. 冈普太太：你现在要全力以赴了，福雷斯特。 FORREST: I sure will, Momma.
福雷斯特：我一定会的，妈妈。
FORREST (Voice-over'): I remember the bus ride on the first day of school very well.
福雷斯特（旁白 1）：我还清楚地记得上学第一天坐校车的情景。
The bus driver opens the door and looks down. Forrest walks to the steps of the bus and looks at the bus driver. 校车司机打开了门，望着下面。福雷斯特爬上校车的台阶，盯着司机。 BUS DRIVER: Are you coming along? 校车司机：你上不上车？
FORREST: Momma said not to be taking rides from strangers. 福雷斯特：我妈说不要上陌生人的车。 BUS DRIVER: This is the bus to school.
校车司机：这是开去学校的车
FORREST: I'm Forrest. Forrest Gump.
福雷斯特：我是福雷斯特。福雷斯特·冈普。 BUS DRIVER: I'm Dorothy Harris. 校车司机：我是多萝西·哈里斯。
FORREST:Well, now we aren't strangers anymore. 福雷斯特：好吧，现在我们就不再是陌生人了。
The bus driver smiles as Forrest steps up into the bus.Mrs Gump waves to Forrest as the bus drives away.
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 Forrest begins to walk down the bus.
校车司机微笑，福雷斯特上了车。校车开走时，冈普太太向福雷斯特挥手告别。福雷斯特向车内走去。 Two young boys look up from the seat.
两个小男孩在座位上抬起头瞥了他一眼。 BOY 1: This seat's taken.男孩 1：这位子有人了 BOY 2: It's taken! 男孩 2：有人坐了
Forrest looks around. A larger girl moves over so Forrest can't sit next to her.She shakes her head.Forrest looks to the other side where a boy sits alone on a larger seat. The boy looks angrily at Forrest.
福雷斯特四下看了看。一个大块头的女孩往空座上挪了挪，所以福雷斯特不能挨着她坐。那女孩摇摇头。福雷斯特看了看另外一边，有个男孩独占了更大的座位。这个男孩凶巴巴地看着福雷斯特。 BOY 3: You can't sit here.男孩 3：你不能坐这里。
FORREST (Voice-over): You know, it's funny what a young man recollects. Because I don't remember being born. I, I ... don't recall what I got for my first Christmas and I don't know when I went on my first outdoor picnic. But, I do remember the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.
福雷斯特（旁白）：你知道，一个年轻人的回忆很有趣。因为我不记得我是怎么出生的。我，我不记得收到的第一份圣诞礼物是什么，也不记得我第一次外出野餐是什么时候。但是，我清楚地记得我第一次听到全世界最甜美的声音时的情景。 GIRL: You can sit here if you want.
女孩：如果你愿意的话，你可以坐这儿
Forrest looks back at Jenny Curran, a young girl about Forrest's age. 福雷斯特回头看到了珍妮·柯伦，一个和他年龄相仿的小女孩。
FORREST (Voice-over): I had never seen anything so beautiful in my life. She was like an angel. 福雷斯特（旁白）：我这辈子从未见过这么美好的事物，她像天使一样。 JENNY: Well, are you going to sit down, or aren't you?
珍妮：嗯，你是坐呢，还是不坐？
Forrest sits down next to Jenny. 福雷斯特坐在了珍妮旁边。 JENNY: What's wrong with your legs?珍妮：你的腿怎么了？
FORREST: Um, nothing at all, thank you. My legs are just fine and dandy. 福雷斯特：呃，啥事也没有，谢谢。我的腿好得很。
FORREST(Voice-over): I just sat next to her on that bus and had a conversation all the way to school. 福雷斯特（旁白）：我就坐在她旁边，在校车开往学校途中，我们一直在聊天。 JENNY: Then why do you have those shoes on? 珍妮：那你为什么要穿那样的鞋子？
FORREST: My momma said my back's crooked like a question mark. These are going to make me as straight as an arrow. They're my magic shoes.
福雷斯特：妈妈说我的背弯得像一个问号。这鞋子能让我像箭一样直，这是我的魔力鞋。 FORREST(Voice-over): And next to Momma, no one ever talked to me or asked me questions. 福雷斯特（旁白）：除了妈妈，没有人跟我说话，也没有人问我问题。 JENNY: Are you stupid or something? 珍妮：你是傻子还是怎么回事？
FORREST: Momma says stupid is as stupid does. 福雷斯特：妈妈说做傻事的人才是傻子。
Jenny puts her hand out toward Forrest. Forrest reaches over and shakes her hand.
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 珍妮向福雷斯特伸出了手。福雷斯特伸出手和她握手。 JENNY: I'm Jenny. 珍妮：我是珍妮
FORREST: I'm Forrest. Forrest Gump.福雷斯特：我是福雷斯特。福雷斯特·冈普。
FORREST (Voice-over): From that day on, we was always together. Jenny and me was like peas and carrots. 福雷斯特（旁白）：从那天起，我们一直在一起。珍妮和我形影不离。
2020牛津译林版高中英语高一必修二unit2 课文及翻译
A beginner’s guide to exercise 体育锻炼入门
You want to start doing exercise? Congratulations! You have just taken your first step towards a new and improved you!
想开始锻炼身体了吗？祝贺你！你已经向新的、更好的自己跨出了第一步。 Understanding the benefits of exercise了解锻炼的益处
Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind-but what exactly are its health benefits? To start with, physical activity increases the efficiency of your heart and lungs. During exercise, your heart and lungs must work harder. This extra effort makes them grow stronger over the long term. It has also been proven that active people tend to have better immune systems and are at lower risk of diseases. Moreover,exercise is good for your mental health. Working out can help you reduce stress and get over negative feelings. Some studies even show that exercise improves certain brain functions, meaning you could actually exercise your way to better performance at school!
大多数人都认为经常锻炼对身心大有益处——不过，锻炼究竟对健康有哪些好处呢？首先，体育活动能增强心肺功能。在锻炼时，你的心脏和肺必须更卖力地工作。久而久之，这些额外的工作使它们变得更强壮。有证据表明，经常锻炼的人往往免疫系统会更好，患病的风险更低。另外，锻炼对心理健康有好处。锻炼身体能帮你缓解心理压力，克服负面情绪。甚至有研究显示锻炼可改善某些大脑机能，也就是说，通过锻炼，你确实可以提高自己的学习成绩。 Planning your exercise routine规划日常锻炼
When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility. Aerobic activities, like jogging, swimming and skiing, develop your heart and lungs. Strength training, such as pull-ups and weightlifting, increases muscle strength and encourages bone development. Flexibility training, including gymnastics and tai chi, helps stretch your muscles and improve your body's range of movement. These types of exercise all play a role in a healthy routine. Above all, choose activities you enjoy because, in this way, you're more likely to stick with them.
在做日常锻炼的规划时，首先要考虑的是你想要提升哪方面：是心肺功能，还是肌肉强度抑或柔韧性。像慢跑、游泳和滑雪这样的有氧运动，能增强心肺功能。力量训练，比如引体向上和举重，能增加肌肉强度，促进骨骼发育。柔韧性训练，包括体操和太极拳，有助于舒展肌肉，增大肢体活动幅度。在一套健康的日常锻炼项目中，以上三种训练都是不可或缺的。而最重要的是，要挑选你喜欢的项目，因为这样才更有可能持之以恒。
Eating and drinking right饮食得当
Like cars that run on petrol, your body burns carbohydrates for energy. Foods like noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables give your body plenty of carbohydrates to keep up your energy during a long
workout. To help your muscles recover and repair themselves after exercise, you need to eat foods rich in protein,
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 such as fish, eggs and milk products. When to eat is also of great importance. In general, you should have your meal an average of 1.5 to 2.5 hours before exercising. Do not eat immediately after exercise; instead, wait at least 30 minutes after a typical routine, or as much as an hour after a hard workout. Remember to drink throughout exercise to make up for water lost to sweat.
就像汽车要烧汽油才能跑，你的身体也要燃烧碳水化合物来获得能量。米面果蔬等食物为身体提供丰富的碳水化合物，使你有充足的能量做长时间运动。锻炼后，为帮助肌肉恢复和自我修复，你需要吃些高蛋白食物，比如鱼、蛋和乳制品。什么时间吃也很重要。一般情况下，应该在锻炼之前一个半到两个半小时进食。运动后不要马上吃东西，如果是常规锻炼，至少过半小时再吃，如果是高强度锻炼，就需要等一小时后再吃。锻炼过程中别忘了喝水，以弥补出汗损耗的水分。 Avoiding injury避免受伤
To prevent soft tissue injury, make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment when exercising. You should also start small and slowly work your way to a longer and harder exercise routine to avoid getting hurt. Finally, remember to warm up before exercising and stretch at the end of your workout. So, now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it safely and effectively. What are you waiting for?
为避免软组织受伤，锻炼时一定要穿戴合适的衣服和护具。此外，刚开始锻炼强度要小，要循序渐进地增加锻炼的时间和强度，以防受伤。最后，记住锻炼前要热身，结束后要拉伸。
现在，你已经明白了锻炼的好处，也知道如何安全高效地锻炼。那么，你还在等什么呢？
Finding a balance: my taichi experience 找到平衡：我的太极体验
When my friend first suggested that we join the new Tai Chi Club at school, I hesitated. I always believed tai chi was for old people. After the first class, however, I had to admit that I had been wrong about tai chi. It was amazing! One year later, I can honestly say it has had a huge effect on me physically and mentally. Just as importantly, practising tai chi has inspired me to explore the Chinese culture behind it.
一开始，当朋友建议我们参加学校新成立的太极俱乐部时，我犹豫了。我过去一直觉得太极是老年人的运动。不过，上完第一节课后，我不得不承认，我之前对太极的认识是错误的。太极实在是太神奇了。一年后，我可以实话实说了，太极对我的身心都产生了巨大的影响。同样重要的是，练习太极还激励了我去探索其背后的中国文化。
The first few tai chi classes were fun and easy, and the moves really caught my imagination, with descriptive names like \"white crane spreading its wings\" and “golden rooster standing on one leg”。When I asked my coach where these interesting names came from, he told me about the history of tai chi.Zhang Sanfeng,a 13th-century Taoist, was said to have invented tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird. However, nowadays people tend to believe that Chen Wangting, a 17th-century master of Chinese martial arts, developed tai chi based on martial arts skills. No wonder some tai chi moves are named after animals-Chinese martial arts have a long-standing practice of imitating animals. Chen Wangting's original set of moves is called Chen-style tai chi,but other styles of tai chi have since been developed, including Yang-style, Wu-style and Sun-style.
前几节太极课非常有趣，也不难学，像“白鹤亮翅”“金鸡独立”这些很形象的招式名称确实让我兴趣满满。当我问教练，这些有趣的名称从何而来时，他和我说了太极的历史。传说十三世纪时，一个叫张三丰的道士从蛇与鸟的缠斗中汲取灵感，创立了太极。不过如今人们倾向于认为太极是十七世纪的武学大师陈王廷根据武术技巧演化而来的。由于中国武术中模拟动物的做法由来已久，太极的部分招式以动物来命名也就不足为奇了。陈王廷最初创编
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 的招式称为陈氏太极，后来也发展出了其他门类的太极，包括杨式太极、吴氏太极和孙氏太极
After learning the basics of tai chi in those first few classes, I found myself bored and aching from doing the same moves over and over again. Luckily, my coach taught me how to relax my muscles and focus on peace of mind while performing the routine. With these requirements of tai chi in mind, I found to my satisfaction that my balance and flexibility slowly improved, that I was able to do more difficult moves, and that my love for tai chi returned stronger than ever.
学完前几节太极基础课之后，我发现一遍又一遍重复这些招式让我心生厌倦，而且肌肉酸痛。幸运的是，教练教会了我放松肌肉的方法，以及在日常练习时如何注意心境的平和。将太极的这些要求铭记于心，慢慢地，我发现自己的平衡能力和柔韧性得到了改善，我可以尝试一些难度更大的招式，我对太极的热爱又回来了，而且比以前更强烈，这令我十分满意。
In time, I began to look into the ancient Chinese culture behind tai chi. I discovered that tai chi is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophy of yin and yang, which are believed to form the unity of opposites. Neither can exist independent of the other; for example, there is no shadow without light. The practice of taichi aims to maintain the balance of yin and yang in the body through opposite movements: forwards and backwards, up and down, left and right, breathing in and breathing out. Eventually, tai chi brings about a state of physical balance and mental peace.
我不失时机地开始探寻太极背后的中国古代文化。我发现，太极深深地扎根于中国的阴阳学说之中。人们认为阴和阳构成了对立统一，彼此不能独立存在，比如，没有光就不会有影子。练习太极旨在通过一些相对的动作——进退、上下、左右、吐纳——来维持人体内部的阴阳调和。最终，太极可以带来一种身心平衡的状态。
A year of practising tai chi has had a positive effect on my everyday life. I sleep better at night, and I am more energetic during the day. I feel happier and more confident. Tai chi has taught me to relax my mind, enabling me to stay cool in stressful situations. I am sure I will continue to practise tai chi and enjoy the benefits it has brought me.
一年练习太极的经历已经对我的日常生活产生了积极的作用。晚上我睡得更香，白天则精力更充沛。幸福感倍增，人也更加自信。太极让我学会了放松心态，使我在有压力的环境下也能冷静应对。我相信我一定会继续练习太极，并不断地享受太极带给我的好处。
2020牛津译林版新教材高中英语必修二unit3课文原文及翻译
Alex around the world 亚力克斯环球游记
10 January, a wedding ceremony, India 一月十日，一场婚礼，印度
When Nadim invited me to his sister's wedding, I knew it would be the opportunity of a lifetime. I was definitely not wrong!
当纳迪姆邀请我参加他妹妹的婚礼时，我觉得这是个千载难逢的好机会。结果我还真没猜错！
The wedding ceremony took place in a brightly decorated hotel room. There were hundreds of guests, all dressed up in formal, colourful clothes. According to tradition, the bride was wearing an eye-catching red silk sari.
婚礼在一间装饰华美的酒店包房内举行。到场宾客数以百计，个个身着色彩艳丽的礼服。遵照传统，新娘身穿一袭分外夺目的红丝绸莎丽。
I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me. One was the
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 bridegroom's entrance on a beautiful white horse. I had never seen that back home! Another was the part when Nadim's father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to her husband. It reminded me of my sister's wedding. Although our cultures are so different, the smiling faces are the same.
不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。一个是新郎入场时竟骑着一匹俊美的白马。这我在国内可从未见过！再就是纳迪姆的父亲自豪地领着女儿，穿过一排排座位走向新郎的环节。这一幕让我想起了我妹妹的婚礼。尽管文化殊异，但含笑的面孔却是一样的。
The customs that followed were anything but ordinary. The couple joined hands and walked around a small fire four times. Then they took seven steps together by the fire, and with each step made a different promise about how they were going to support each other and live together happily. It was very romantic!
接下来的风俗也都不同寻常。新婚夫妇携手围着一个小火堆走上四圈，然后在火堆旁一起走七步，每走一步，都要立一条誓言，誓言里讲的都是二人将来会如何相互扶持，如何幸福地共同生活。真是太浪漫了！ After the ceremony, it was time for the celebrations. That is a story for another day, but let's just say there was a lot of dancing. Now I know I have two left feet...and both of them hurt!
仪式之后，就是欢庆的时刻了。这个话题改日再聊，但是先这么说吧，舞跳了不少。现在我只知道我有两只左脚，而且都疼得不行！
26 February, Rio Carnival, Brazil 二月二十六日，里约狂欢节，巴西
The summer heat hit me as soon as I got off the flight. No wonder people from Rio take a week off for this happy occasion. I could feel it already-the Carnival was in the air!
一下飞机，就有一股暑热袭来。难怪里约人民要为这个欢乐的庆典休息一个星期。我已经感觉到了——这狂欢节的气氛！
To experience the spirit of the Carnival for myself, I went to a street party. Luckily, I arrived just in time-the show was about to begin as I took my place in the merry crowd. I could see a group of around 20 Brazilian dancers and a band in fancy costumes standing in the street. Some of them carried flags, which blew in the wind. The crowd waited with excitement.
为了切身体验狂欢节的精神，我加入了一个街头派对。来得早不如来得巧——我刚在欢乐的人群中找好位置，表演就要开始了。我看到一群人，其中有大约二十名巴西舞者以及一支乐队，他们身着华丽的服装站在街头，有人还拿着旗子，旗子随风飘荡着。人们激动地翘首以待。
Then there was an explosion of bright colours and lively music, and the group jumped into action. The band started playing an energetic samba beat, the dancers twisted and turned, and the crowd began to cheer, clap and sing. The whole group started marching down the street.The Carnival current carried us through the ever-growing sea of people, dancing all the way. Iceboxes of soft drinks and beer lined the narrow streets, and the smell of roasted meat filled the air as we passed wave after wave of street stands. I was so caught up in the party fever that I hardly noticed five hours fly by!
突然，鲜艳的色彩和热烈的音乐 喷薄而出，歌舞队应声一跃而起。乐队奏起劲爆的桑巴节拍，跳舞的人扭动腰身，人群开始欢呼、鼓掌、歌唱。歌舞队全体开始沿街前行。狂欢节的人潮裹挟着我们在越来越浩瀚的人海中穿行，走一路跳一路。装着饮料啤酒的冰柜沿狭长的街道一溜排开，当我们经过一波又一波的街边摊时，空气中弥漫着烤肉的香味。我深深地沉迷于派对的狂热中，不知不觉五个小时已经过去了。
Even as I lay in bed that evening, the bright colours and lively music were still swimming all around me. What an amazing first day in Rio!
即使晚上我躺在床上的时候，那鲜艳的色彩和热烈的音乐依然在我脑海中盘旋游弋。里约首日，多么奇妙的一天！
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译
A precious family dinner弥足珍贵的团圆饭
It is just past five o'clock on the Chinese New Year's Eve, and the dinner table is already covered with white china plates and bowls, full of all sorts of dishes: chicken, duck, pork, fish and vegetables. Luo Yan, 29, lifts the cover of a large bowl to breathe in the rich smell of the soup his wife and mother have prepared. Luo Yan's son,Bofeng,happily takes a bite of the chicken his grandfather has selected for him.
除夕刚过五点钟，饭桌上已经摆满了白瓷碗碟、鸡鸭鱼肉和蔬菜，满满当当的各色菜肴。二十九岁的罗言掀开一个大碗的盖子，嗅着母亲和妻子煲的汤所散发出的浓香。他的儿子博峰美滋滋地咬了一口爷爷给挑好的鸡肉。
Six-year-old Bofeng has not seen his grandparents for almost a year, and he is full of joy and excitement. Indeed, the whole family could not be happier to be together. Despite the cold outside,their happy faces fill the air with warmth while merry laughter rings throughout the house. Luo Yan and his wife and son have settled in the big city, far away from their hometown. Every year, they travel back for the Spring Festival, for their dream of \"three generations under the same roof\".
六岁的博峰都快一年没见爷爷奶奶了，他满心喜悦和激动。的确，一家人再没有比团团圆圆更高兴的事了。虽然外面天寒地冻，他们幸福的脸庞却让屋内的空气暖洋洋的，欢声笑语处处可闻。罗言一家三口已经在大城市定居，离家乡很远。不过，他们每年都回老家过春节，以实现他们“三代同堂”的梦想。
The Luo family's journey back to their hometown was a long and tiring one just a few years ago.However, the high-speed train has made it much more convenient for them to go back home. During the five-hour trip,they chatted excitedly with each other, their minds full of thoughts about their sweet home.
几年前，罗言一家的回乡之旅还是漫长而劳顿的。如今有了高铁，回趟家就方便多了。五个小时的旅途，三人兴高采烈地聊着天，心中想的全是甜蜜的家。
On their arrival, they find Luo's parents eagerly waiting for them. Their home has been specially decorated for the joyous occasion. From the neat designs of the paper-cuttings on the windows, to the Spring Festival couplets on the door, and to the New Year paintings on the wall, everything represents joy, luck and happiness.Even the fish on the plate expresses a hope for nian nian you yu-yu means both \"fish\" and “plenty\" in Chinese-“May you get more than you wish for every year\".
刚到家，他们就发现父母早就翘首以待了。家中已经为这个喜庆的场合特别布置了一番。从窗上贴得整整齐齐的剪纸，到门上的春联，再到墙上的年画，无不象征着欢乐、吉祥和幸福。就连盘中的那条鱼也表达了对年 年 有 余 的 企 盼 —— 在 汉 语 中“鱼”“余”谐音——祝愿每年的收获都能多于期望。
After dinner, the hours until midnight go slowly by. The whole family are going to stay up late on the Chinese New Year's Eve. They gather around the television to watch the Spring Festival Gala, while eating snacks, chatting with each other and making dumplings that they will eat at the very start of the new year. In the warmth and comfort of the room, Luo Yan talks about his plan for the future. “I hope we won't have to be separated again,\" he says, looking at his ageing parents.“ My parents are getting old, and we should spend more time with them. We'll come back more frequently and we're also considering taking them to the city to live with us. After all, home is where all family members are together.\"
年夜饭后到午夜前的这几个小时缓慢地流淌着。除夕之夜，一家人都要熬夜守岁。他们围坐在电视机前看春节联欢晚会，一边吃着零食，聊着天，一边包着新年伊始要吃的饺子。在温暖舒适的房间中，罗言讲了他未来的打算。“我希望我们不用再分开了，”他看着年迈的父母，“我爸妈年纪大了，我们应该多陪陪他们。
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 我们会回家回得更勤一点，也考虑着把二老接到城里，跟我们一起生活。不管怎么说，一家人在哪，哪就是家。”
As midnight approaches, Luo Yan takes his parents, wife and son outside to set off firecrackers. The whole village is lit up with colourful fireworks. All over the country, people are celebrating their good fortune, celebrating their family's togetherness, and celebrating their nation's strength.
午夜将至，罗言带着父母妻儿到屋外放鞭炮。五颜六色的烟花把整个村子都照亮了。举国上下，人们都在庆祝自己的好福气，庆祝合家团聚，庆祝祖国富强。
unit4
The wonder of literature 文学的奇妙之处
A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. Suddenly he heard strange, low, musical sounds. These sounds seemed to be from another world and the child listened to them with wonder.Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange, and that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears. What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old.
孩子和男人在海滩上散步，孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。突然，他听到了奇怪、低沉、悦耳的声音。这声音仿佛来自另一个世界，孩子听后十分惊奇。随后那个男人解释说，孩子听到的声音没有什么奇怪的，只不过是贝壳捕捉到了种种对于人的耳朵来说过于微弱的声音而已。让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界，而是旧世界那被人忽视的乐音。
Some such experience as this lies in store for us when we begin the study of literature. Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. To enter and enjoy this new world, we need to love literature, and make an effort to explain it. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. We must know all these, if the book is to speak its whole
message. In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities.
当我们开始学习文学的时候，我们也会有如此这般的体验。让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵，或者让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们就会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。要进入这个新世界，并享受其中的乐趣，我们需要热爱文学，并尽力去解读它。每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。如果要了解一本书所传递的全部信息，我们就必须要了解所有这些内容。总之，我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。
The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty, Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention,just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. A hundred men may pass a field and see only dead grass; but a poet stops,looks deeper, sees truth and beauty,and writes,\"Yesterday's flowers am I.\" One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before.
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 文学的第一个特质是它对真与美的描写。一些真与美一直被忽视，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，正如贝壳捕捉到了我们未曾注意的声音一样。一百个人走过田野，眼中所见的可能都只是枯草，而诗人驻足，看得更深，他看到了真与美，遂写下：“昨日之花即是我。”读了这句诗的人便能看到以前隐匿在眼前的美。
The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination.Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says. When Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen,\"Was this the face that launched a thousand ships?\" he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism.
文学的第二个特质是在于它能打动我们的情感，启发我们的想象力。文学的魅力更多在于它唤起了我们什么，而不在于它说了什么。当克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的 面问道：“这就是那张让上千艘战舰为之起航的面庞吗？”他便打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力进入了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。
The third quality of literature, coming out of the other two, is its permanence.To achieve this, it should contain two elements:universal interest and personal style. Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature-love and hate, joy and sadness,fear and hope. It also takes on a personal style-no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences.
文学的第三个特质是其持久的生命力，它源于前两个特质。要实现这一点，它须包含两个要素：广泛的关切和个人的风格。好的文学作品反映了人性最基本的内涵——爱与恨、喜与悲、恐惧与希望。它也带有个人风格——没有哪个作家能够在描写人类的生活时不反映其个人生活和经历。
In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.
总之，文学以真和美的形式对生命的表达，是人类思想和感情的写照，是人类灵魂的历史。
Adapted from William J.Long’s English Literature:Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English-Speaking World)
（改编自威廉 · J. 朗恩的《英语文学：历史及其对英语世界生活的意义》）
The old Man and the Sea《老人与海》（Excerpt)（节选）
Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961), an American writer of novels and short stories, is well thought of for his unique writing style. He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be destroyed but not defeated\". The Old Man and the Sea, one of his most important novels, tells the story of a fisherman named Santiago. After coming in empty-handed for eighty-four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish. 欧内斯特·海明威（1899—1961），美国小说家、短篇小说作家，因其独特的写作风格而广受好评。他非常擅长描写硬汉们的冒险经历，他认为那些硬汉“可以被毁灭但不能被打败”。《老人与海》是他最重要的小说之一，讲述了一个名叫圣地亚哥的渔夫的故事。在两手空空八十四天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。
The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only his great tail moving. The old man pulled on him all that he could to bring him closer. For just a moment the fish turned a little on his side. Then he straightened himself and began another circle.
这条鱼正打着转靠近，既冷静又美丽，只有它的大尾巴在动。老人用尽全力拉住它，想把它拉近些。有那
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 么一小会儿，鱼稍稍偏向一边。接着它正了正身子，又开始转圈。 “I moved him,” the old man said. “I moved him then.\" “我拉动它了，”老人说，“我刚才拉动它了。”
He felt faint again now but he held on the great fish all the strain that he could. I moved him, he thought. Maybe this time I can get him over. Pull, hands, he thought.Hold up, legs. Last for me, head. Last for me. You never went. This time I'1 pull him over.
现在他又感到头晕了，但他竭尽全力拽住这条大鱼。我拉动它了，他想。也许这次我能搞定它。使劲拉呀，手啊，他想。站稳啦，腿啊。给我撑住，脑袋啊，给我撑住。你从未晕倒过。这次我要把它拉过来。
But when he put all of his effort on, starting it well out before the fish came alongside and pulling with all his strength, the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away.
可是当他使出浑身力气，在鱼靠近之前就开始用尽全力拉线时，那鱼中途就挣扎着偏向一边，然后正正身子游走了。
“Fish,” the old man said.\"Fish,you are going to have to die anyway.Do you have to kill me too?\"
“鱼啊，”老人说，“鱼啊，反正你都得死。你非要把我也杀了吗？”
That way nothing is accomplished, he thought. His mouth was too dry to speak but he could not reach for the water now. I must get him alongside this time,he thought.I am not good for many more turns. Yes you are,he told himself.You're good for ever.
这样下去要一无所获了，他想。他的嘴干得说不出话来，但他现在不能伸手去拿水喝。我这次一定要把它拉到船边，他想。它再多转几圈，我就不行了。不，你行，他告诉自己。你永远都行。 On the next tum,he nearly had him.But again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away.
在接下来的一圈，他差点就把它拉过来了。但是这鱼又正了正身子，慢慢游走了。
You are killing me, fish, the old man thought. But you have a right to. Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother. Come on and kill me. I do not care who kills who. 你快弄死我了，鱼啊，老人想。不过你有权这么做。我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。来，杀了我吧。我不在乎谁弄死谁。
Now you are getting confused in the head, he thought. You must keep your head clear.Keep your head clear and know how to suffer like a man. Or a fish, he thought.
你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。你必须保持头脑清醒。保持头脑清醒，要像条汉子，懂得怎么受苦。或者像条鱼，他想。
＂Clear up, head,\" he said in a voice he could hardly hear.\"Clear up.\" “清醒起来，脑袋，”他用自己都几乎听不见的声音说，“清醒起来。” Twice more it was the same on the turns. 那鱼跟之前一样，又转了两圈。
I do not know, the old man thought.He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time. I do not know. But I will try it once more.
我不明白，老人想。每次他都觉得自己就快要不行了。我不明白。但我还要再试一次。
He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the fish. The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air.
我不明白，老人想。每次他都觉得自己就快要不行了。我不明白。但我还要再试一次。
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2020新译林高中英语必修二课文及翻译 I’ll try it again,the old man promised,although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes. 我要再试一下，老人答应自己，尽管他的双手这时已经软弱无力，而且大部分时间都看不清。
He tried it again and it was the same. So he thought, and he felt himself going before he started; I will try it once again.
他又试了一次，依然如故。还没动手他就感觉要不行了，他这样想，我还要再试一次。
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