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篇一:语法填空答题技巧
{语法填空解题流程}
{语法填空答题技巧}
形式一 有提示词类 (一)提供动词类
当设空处提供动词原形，设空处一般考查动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词或词类转化。其解题步骤为：
[典例1][2016·全国Ⅰ]But for tourists like me，pandas are its top __61__(attract)．
[剖析]考查名词。句意：对于像我一样的游客，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。故填attraction。
[典例2][2016·全国Ⅰ]My ambassadorial duties will include __67__(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
[剖析]include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填introducing。 [典例3][2016·全国Ⅱ]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ (be) often acceptable.
[剖析]分析句子结构可知，动名词短语Leaving the less...until tomorrow作主语，故63处应为谓语动词且应用单数形式。故填is。
(二)词性转换类
词性转换多以派生词变化为主，如：形容词与副词间的相互转化形容词与名词间的相互转化；形容词与动词间的相互转化；动词与名词间的相互转化等。其解题步骤为：
[典例1][2016·全国Ⅰ]The title will be __63__(official)given to me at a ceremony in London.
[剖析]考查副词。修饰动词应用副词形式。应填officially。
[典例2][2016·全国Ⅱ]Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of __62__ (achieve)．
[剖析]考查名词。介词of后应用名词作宾语。故填achievement。
特别提醒：1.括号中所给词为形容词或副词时，也有可能是考查其比较等级。 [典例1]The__68__(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!
[剖析]分析句子结构以及根据句意可知，此处为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，故答案为harder。
2．括号中所给词为名词时，有可能不是考查词性转换，而是考查单复数。 [典例2]．..for most of us the __69__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.
[剖析]由定冠词the可知，此处应填名词，由谓语动词are和require可知此处应用复数形式changes。
3．有个别空可能是词义转换题，词性不一定要变，主要是考查与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根后加-less等。
[典例3]People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is，no knowledge is________(use)．
[剖析]作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”，故填useless。
形式二 无提示词类
首先，分析句子结构确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。解题时要注意以下五大原则：
原则一：缺少主语或宾语，一定要填代词 1．缺主语
如果在谓语动词前挖空，答案应首先考虑代词。所填代词要考虑以下三种情况：
(1)人称代词：作主格的人称代词he，she，they，it等，此时要根据前文，确定所代指的内容。
(2)关系代词：在定语从句中作主语的关系代词that，which，who等。 (3)名词性从句引导词：what，whoever等。
[典例1]I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to，and________gets there almost in a second.
[剖析]and连接前后两个句子，and后面的句子缺主语，应填名词或代词；结合前一分句，不难推知，“马上可到达那里”的是the message，替代the message用代词it。
[典例2]Maybe you have a habit__67__is driving your family crazy. [剖析]根据句子结构可知该空应是定语从句的关系词，先行词是a habit，关系词在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。
2．缺宾语
如果空前为及物动词、及物动词短语或者介词，要考虑填代词，主要有以下三类：
(1)人称代词：作宾格的人称代词him，her，them，it等。
(2)关系代词：在定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that，which，whom等。 (3)名词性从句引导词：what，whomever等。
[典例]Raise your leg and let__65__stay in the air for seconds. [剖析]由let可知，空处作宾语，结合句意可知，此处用it代指前面的your leg。 原则二：名词、代词、动名词前挖空，可以考虑用限定词或介词 1．限定词
如果在名词前挖空，答案应首先考虑限定词。因为根据英语的习惯，名词前一般需要限定词。限定词包括冠词(a，an，the)、物主代词(my，mine等)、关系词(whose，which等)、疑问词、不定代词(no，some，any，each，every，either，neither，several，many等)等。
[典例1][2016·四川]Wu Junqi has long been linked to alcohol.Of course he's not a drunkard (酒鬼)．He actually rarely has a drink.________33-year-old man is a bartender (调酒师) in a pub named “Shock” in Beijing.
[剖析]33-year-old man为名词短语，其前挖空，答案应首先考虑限定词。前句已提到Wu Junqi，所以再次提到时应用定冠词The。
[典例2]Here is The Pines，________cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou，wild boar，and reindeer with surprising sauces.You can enjoy delicious food in the restaurant.
[剖析]由挖空的特点可知此处答案很可能为限定词。冠词、物主代词、名词所有格在此处均不合适，根据语境可知The Pines与cook为所属关系，又因为空格后为一个句子，所以此处应用表示所属关系的关系代词引导定语从句，故此处
填whose。
2．介词
名词或代词前面是空格，而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，很可能是填介词。此时要特别关注与其空前动词等构成的固定搭配。
[典例]OK.Don't laugh __61__me.I may look funny. [剖析]代词me前是空格，且与laugh构成固定搭配。laugh at意为“嘲笑”，故答案为at。
原则三：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词
主要的连词有表示并列关系的and和表示选择关系的or及表示转折关系的but等。
[典例]But the river wasn't changed in a few days __64__ even a few months. [剖析]根据句意可知in a few days和even a few months为选择关系，故用or。 原则四：若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词也没有分号或句号，一定是填连接词
主要的连接词有连接并列句的连接词：and，but，or，so及引导状语从句的各种连词：if，unless，while，because等。
[典例1]There were many people waiting at the bus stop，__62__some of them looked very anxious and __63__(disappointed)．
[剖析]由句意可知，前后分句为并列关系，故用and。
[典例2]Unbelievable！Oh...，__69__you don't mind，I'll stop and take a deep __70__(breath)．
[剖析]根据句意“如果你不介意，我要停下来深呼吸”，if表示假设。 原则五：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是虽然与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do，does，did等)。如果是一般疑问句则要考虑填助动词(be，do，does，did，have，has，had等)
[典例1]What is acceptable in one country________be considered extremely
rude in another.
[剖析]句中What is acceptable in one country是主语从句，空格后的be considered是谓语；因其中的be是原形，故空格处必定是填情态动词或助动词does(由语境可知是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数)；由句意及作者的语气可知，需填表示“可能”的情态动词may。
[典例2]Then the driver stood up and asked，“__68__anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”
[剖析]句尾的问号提示该句为疑问句，“丢失”是发生在过去的动作，故答案为Did。
篇二:语法填空精品练习题
（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
TOEFL, short for Test of English as a Foreign Language, is a standardized test of English. The TOEFL test is an important step of your journey __1__ (study) in an English-speaking country. The TOEFL test __2__ (measure) your ability to use and understand at the university level. And it evaluates __3__ well you combine your listening, reading, speaking and writing __4__ (skill) to perform academic tasks. More than 30 million people from all over the world have taken the TOEFL test to show __5__ English－language competence. The TOEFL test has __6__ (many) test dates and locations than any other English-language test in the world. You can retake the test many times as you wish, __7__ you cannot take it more than once in a 12－day period. The TOEFL test is the most __8__ (wide) respected English-language test in the world, __9__ (organize) by more than 9 000 colleges, universities and agencies in more than 130 countries, __10__ (include) Australia, Canada, the U. K. and the United States. Wherever you want to study, the TOEFL test can help you get there. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，向读者介绍了托福考试的一些相关内容，包括考查项目、参加次数以及托福考试的影响和作用等。
1．to study 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用动词不定式表示目的。故填to study。
2．measures 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文用的是一般现在时，“The TOEFL test”是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词要用单数第三人称形式。故填measures。
3．how 考查副词。句意为：它评价你把你的听、说、读、写能力结合起来的程度。how well指程度如何。故填how。
4．skills 考查名词复数。听、说、读、写是四种能力，所以要用名词skill的复数形式skills。
5．their 考查物主代词。句意为：超过3 000万来自世界各地的人参加托福考试来展示他们的英语语言能力。空格处修饰名词“Englishlanguage competence”，指前面提到的“30 million people”的能力，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 6．more 考查形容词的比较级。由空格后的“than”可知，此处应用many的比较级形式。故填more。
7．but 考查连词。前一句说只要你愿意，你可以多次重复参加托福考试，后一句说你不能在12天的时间内连续报考。前后两句话在意思上是转折关系。故填but。
8．widely 考查词性转换。此处应用副词修饰动词“respected”，故填所给词的副词形式widely。
9．organized 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语“The TOEFL test”和动词organize构成被动关系，所以要用过去分词形式。故填organized。
10．including 考查词性转换。此处指包括澳大利亚、加拿大、英国和美国。应用所给词的介词形式including，意为“包含，包括”。
（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tea is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water. Originating in China, tea has long established __1__ (it) as the national drink of this country. A century before the birth of Christ, tea __2__ (describe) in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live __3__ (long). Today, it is still being regarded as such. Both green tea and black tea are claimed to be effective for __4__ (prevent) cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly diseases. There is only one point __5__ people need to be aware of when they drink tea — is should not be drunk along with meals. Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, __6__ (be) carefully prepared according to local customs. The Chinese put loose tea in teapots, add boiling water, and serve it in teacups. The strong tea from China's Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner. Lighter tea with jasmine (茉莉), rose or other __7__ (flower), usually served after dinner, is special to China's Changjiang River regions.
Many English people, travelling away from home, feel __8__ a loss if their favourite teabags are not available. Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honoured tradition. It's a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters. In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea. The ceremony, usually __9__ (hold) in a teahouse, dates back to the 16th century. Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is powdered green tea. Though still practised today, the ceremony may not be as popular __10__ it used to be. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了茶的渊源及几个国家的茶文化。
【段意梳理】
第一段：简单介绍了茶的地位。
第二段：介绍了茶的作用和饮用时的注意事项。 第三段：中国人饮茶的种类和方法。 第四段：英国人的饮茶习惯和文化。 第五段：日本人的饮茶文化和现状。
1．itself 考查代词。此处填的代词与句子主语tea形成互指关系，故用反身代词。
2．was described 考查动词时态和语态。根据语境中的时间状语“A century before the birth of Christ”可知，事情发生在过去，且tea和describe构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
3．longer 考查比较级。此处表示“让人活得更长”，故用longer。
4．preventing 考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词preventing。
5．that 考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，修饰先行词one point。
6．is 考查主谓一致。句子主语为Tea，且与下文的“is drunk”在时态上呼应，故此处用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
7．flowers 考查名词复数。flower是可数名词，由前面的other可知，此处表示复数概念。
8．at 考查介词。固定搭配at a loss意为“困惑，不知所措”，故用介词at。 9．held 考查非谓语动词。hold和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。
句子主语The ceremony与hold构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。 10．as 考查连词。由“as＋形容词＋as”的结构可知，此处应用连词as引导比较状语从句。
语法填空
We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and exams. Yet would it be __1__ (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful and demanding as it is in China?
In US high school, everything __2__ (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations. Failing __3__ (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps contrary to __4__ we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention to their __5__ (academy) performance to try to get into distinguished university. __6__， they'll be disappointed after graduation from high school.
Like university students, the US high school students have the __7__ (free) to choose the courses that most interest __8__ (they). Even a 9th-grader can sit __9__ the same classroom as 12th-graders. But this also means he or she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat him or her differently just because he or she is a few years __10__ (young)．
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________ 【参考答案】语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国学生的高中生活。 1．surprising 此处是现在分词作形容词，意为“令人吃惊的”，符合语境。
2．is recorded everything和谓语record之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示客观情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态，即is recorded，与graded呼应。
3．to turn fail to do sth.意为“不能做某事”，为固定搭配。
4．what 空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示物的概念，故填what。 5．academic 修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词academic修饰名词performance，作定
语。
6．Otherwise 根据语境可知，此处表示否则他们高中毕业后就会感到失望，故用副词otherwise，意为“否则”，作状语。
7．freedom 由定冠词the可知，此处应用名词，即freedom。 8．them 此处应用宾格形式，作动词interest的宾语，故填them。 9．in in the classroom意为“在教室里”，符合语境，故填in。
10．younger 根据上文可知，9年级和12年级的学生比较，自然是年轻一些，故用形容词的比较级形式，即younger。
（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jiuzhaigou Valley, China
Located in Sichuan province, the Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve, or Jiuzhaigou Valley, should be on your travel radar for its picturesque beauty of lush forests, __1__ (impress) waterfalls and glistening lakes. As China endeavors toward __2__ (cut) its carbon emissions by 2020, however, Jiuzhaigou is also a pioneer for
biodiversity conservation and environmental __3__ (aware) in China by advocating eco-tourism. Listed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1992 and a World Biosphere Reserve in 1997, the area is home to many __4__ (endanger) plant and animal species, including the beloved Giant Panda. To explore the mountainous __5__ (surrounding) and away from the crowds, Zharu Valley, __6__ particular, is the designated eco-tourism zone within the national park. Visitors are restricted in number with access only via guided hiking to the undisturbed surroundings and furthermore, into __7__ of the nine Tibetan villages __8__ occupy the region. With China's carbon reduction efforts in full effect and Jiuzhaigou first in line to support a greener future, the area can __9__ (confident) look forward to welcoming many more generations of visitors __10__ (come)．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国著名风景区——四川的九寨
沟。
1．impressive/impressing 考查词性转换。修饰名词的词为形容词，故用形容词impressive/impressing修饰名词“waterfalls”，符合语境，指令人印象深刻的瀑布。 2．cutting 考查动名词用法。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词cutting作介词toward的宾语。
3．awareness 考查词性转换。形容词修饰名词，故environmental修饰名词awareness，符合语境。
4．endangered 考查非谓语动词。endanger和句子谓语“is”之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且和其逻辑主语“plant”构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，指濒危植物和动物物种。
5．surroundings 考查名词用法。surrounding用复数形式作名词，表示环境，被形容词mountainous修饰，符合语境。
6．in 考查固定搭配。固定搭配in particular相当于particularly，意为“尤其”，符合语境。故用介词in。
7．one 考查代词用法。与语境“nine”呼应可知，此处表示其中之一的概念，表示泛指，与介词of呼应。
8．that/which 考查定语从句。that/which引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词villages，符合语境。
9．confidently 考查词性转换。副词修饰动词、副词或形容词，甚至用来修饰整个句子，作状语。此处用副词confidently修饰动词短语“look forward to”，符合语境。
10．to come 考查非谓语动词。此处不定式表示将来的概念，作后置定语，和句
子谓语“look forward to”之间没有连词。
（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
When a woman took the seat beside me on a plane, I __1__ (feel) unhappy. She had to lower herself slowly, squeezing her body into the small space. “My name is Kelly. I'm from Canada. Where __2__ you from？” She waved a hand in front of my face.“China，” I said as I shook her hand unwillingly. Kelly kept talking to me. She was very thoughtful. When we __3__ (serve) drinks and meals, she made sure that I had enough room in my seat. “I don't want to make you __4__ (comfort) with my elephant size！” she said sincerely. I couldn't help letting down my guard. As we talked, I was surprised by her wise __5__ (word). She had read many books and was very smart. I asked her if she ever thought about __6__ (lose) some weight. “Aren't you worried about the diseases that come with being overweight？” “Not at all. I eat __7__ (health) food and walk regularly，” She said.“I believe in my heart, the people who get diseases are the ones who worry. You see advertisements from exercise centers that read, ‘Free yourself from your extra baggage, so you are free to be __8__ (you)．’ You're free only __9__ you're comfortable with who you are！” I suddenly realized that Kelly was __10__ most beautiful and clever woman I had ever met in my life. 【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者乘坐飞机时起初对旁边胖胖的女乘客没有好感。后来她的热情及对生活的感悟让作者刮目相看。
1．felt 考查时态。本处叙述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故用felt。
2．are 考查时态和主谓一致。本处“你来自哪里”是女乘客的问话，应用一般现
在时；根据主语you可知，应用are。
3．were served 考查时态和语态。we与serve是逻辑上的动宾关系，且结合全文的时态可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were served。
4．uncomfortable 考查形容词。句意：我不想因为我的大块头让你不舒服。本处用形容词uncomfortable“不舒服”作宾补。
5．words 考查名词。“她智慧的话语”，word为可数名词，故本处应用名词复数形式。
6．losing 考查动名词。介词about后接动名词，故填losing。
7．healthy/healthful 考查形容词。“(有益于)健康的食物”，本处用形容词healthy/healthful作定语修饰名词food。
8．yourself 考查反身代词。“你会自由做你自己”，根据主语you可知，应用反身代词yourself。
9．if/when 考查连词。句意：如果/当你对自己感到舒服，你才是自由的。故本处应用连词if/when。
10．the 考查冠词。“最美丽最聪明的女子”，本处应用定冠词the修饰形容词的最高级。
语法填空
Make your home a safer place
You probably think that your home is the one place where you are safe. That's what I thought until last week. Now I know our flat is full of accidents waiting __1__ (happen). Next month we'll look __2__ my niece and nephew while their parents go away for __3__ short break. We will ask them to come and make sure that everything is __4__ (total) OK. All of us will get a few __5__ (surprise)．
We start in the spare bedroom, in __6__ the children will sleep. Everybody knows you shouldn't put children's beds under a window in case a child __7__ (try) to climb out. Next is the bathroom. We keep our medicines on a shelf above the washbasin. Never leave medicines where children can find __8__ (they). They might think they are sweets. Finally, the kitchen. This is the most __9__ (danger) room in the house. Knives should __10__ (keep) in drawers which children can't reach, and all cleaning liquids in high cupboards. So we have three weeks to make our house safe. It's not difficult ... once you know how to do.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________ 【参考答案】语法填空
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何让家更安全。
1．to happen 固定搭配wait to do sth.意为“等着做某事”，故填to happen。 2．after 固定搭配look after意为“照看”，与“while their parents go away”呼应。 3．a break意为“休息”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，故用不定冠词修饰。
4．totally 修饰形容词应用副词，故用副词totally修饰形容词OK，在句子中作状语。 5．surprises surprise此处意为“意想不到的事”，是可数名词，且被a few修饰，故用复数形式。
6．which 此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为the spare bedroom, in which＝where。 7．tries/should try in case引导的状语从句中，从句用虚拟语气，常用“should ＋ do”的形式；也可以不用虚拟语气，主从句时态一致，故用tries。
8．them 空处作谓语动词find的宾语，因此应用宾格形式。
9．dangerous 修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词dangerous在句子中作定语，与the most呼应。
10．be kept 句子主语Knives与keep之间构成动宾关系，故用被动语态be kept。
（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个或者
3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Over 2,200 years ago, Chengdu was threatened by frequent floods. Li Bing, together with his son, decided to construct an irrigation system on the Minjiang River, __1__ (prevent) flooding. __2__ having a long study and a lot of hard work by the local people, the great Dujiangyan Irrigation System was completed. Since then, the Chengdu Plain __3__ (be) free of flooding and the people have been living peacefully and wealthily.
It is the __4__ (old) and only surviving no-dam irrigation system in the world. It is also __5__ wonder in the development of Chinese science. The project consists of three important parts, namely Yuzui, Feishayan and Baopingkou, which were __6__ (science) designed to control the water flow of the rivers throughout the year.
There is a glorious bridge called the Anlan Cable Bridge crossing the Minjiang River above Yuzui, __7__ you can clearly see the entire system. The great __8__ (construct) originally started before the Song Dynasty. At that time, the body of the bridge was constructed with wooden blocks and the handrails (扶手) were made of bamboo. Recently the wood and bamboo have been replaced with steel and concrete to guarantee the security of __9__ (visit) from home and abroad. Seen from afar, the bridge looks like a rainbow __10__ (hang) over the river. 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了成都都江堰水利工程的建造过程、世界地位、历史价值以及该工程的现状。 【段意梳理】
第一段：为阻止成都遭受洪水侵扰，李冰父子决定修建都江堰水利工程。 第二段：都江堰水利工程的世界地位和历史意义。
第三段：安澜索桥横跨岷江，在那里可以看到都江堰水利工程的全貌。 1．to prevent 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，李冰和他的儿子在岷江设计灌溉系统的目的是阻止洪水在成都泛滥，故此处应用动词不定式表示目的。 2．After 考查介词。在经过长期调研和地方群众的艰苦工作之后，都江堰水利工程完工。after意为“在……之后”，符合语境。
3．has been 考查时态。句意：从那时起，成都平原不再受洪水侵扰，人们过着和平、富裕的生活。根据该句中的“Since then”及“have been”可知，该句应用现在完成时。
4．oldest 考查形容词最高级。根据该句中的the和“in the world”可知，都江堰水利工程是世界上现存最古老的无坝水利工程，故用最高级。
5．a 考查不定冠词。句意：它也是中国科学发展历史上的一个奇迹。这里泛指“一个奇迹”，故用不定冠词。
6．scientifically 考查副词。空处修饰动词，故用副词形式。
7．where 考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用where引导该定语从句。
8．construction 考查名词。根据空前的形容词“great”可以判断，空处被形容词修饰，故用名词形式。
9．visitors 考查名词的数。这里指“保证国内外游客的安全”，故用名词的复数形式。
10．hanging 考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，这座桥就像是悬挂在江上方的彩虹。空处与rainbow存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。
（2017高考选练）语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个或者3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Also __1__ (know) as “paper paintings” and “painted pictures”，New Year paintings are __2__ unique art form in Chinese folk culture. The paintings are called “New Year paintings” because they are __3__ (most) posted during the Chinese New Year holiday __4__ decoration and they are also a symbol of New Year's greetings. New Year paintings __5__ (appear)around the Tang dynasty, replacing the previous door pictures __6__ (feature) the gods believed to be able to protect the residents and drive away ghosts.In the Song dynasty, New Year paintings were created on a large scale. With the advancement of printing technology, the content and forms of New Year paintings became __7__ (diversity). The development of the paintings matured in the Ming and Qing dynasties, __8__ the art hit its heyday(全盛期)．
Traditional printing __9__ (method) of New Year paintings include woodblock printing, stone-block printing, offset(胶印)printing, traditional Chinese painting，watercolor painting and sketches etc.Woodblock printed New Year paintings __10__ (be) the most popular and interesting ones.
【解题导语】 本文为说明文，涉及社会文化和习俗话题。本文主要介绍了中国的传统文化艺术之一——年画的用途、起源和分类，彰显了中国元素。 1．known 考查过去分词。空前无主语，故填非谓语动词。be known as“作为……而知名”，故填known。
2．a 考查冠词。年画是中国民间文化中的一种独特的艺术形式。此处表示泛指，故填不定冠词。unique的发音不是以元音音素开头的，故用a。
3．mostly 考查副词。因为它们通常都在春节期间被张贴，作为装饰画。修饰谓语动词用副词。mostly“通常，多半，大部分”。 4．for 考查介词。此处表示目的，故用介词for。
5．appeared 考查时态。年画大约起源于唐代，表示过去发生的动作，故使用一般过去时。
6．featuring 考查动词的-ing形式。代替先前的以神为特色的门画。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语修饰door pictures。door pictures与feature之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故填动词的-ing形式作定语，feature在此是动词，意为“以……为特
色”。
7．diverse/diversified 考查形容词。在本句的系表结构中，作表语的应是形容词。diverse“多种多样的”。也可填diversified“多样化的”。
8．when 考查定语从句。年画在明清时期走向成熟，达到鼎盛。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。
9．methods 考查名词单复数。从后文可知，年画的制作工艺有很多种，故填method的复数形式。
10．are 考查主谓一致和时态。木版年画最为盛行，也最有趣。由主语paintings可知，谓语动词应使用复数。且此处是对客观情况的陈述，应用一般现在时。
语法填空
Love, wealth and opportunities — parents today do __1__ (they) best to leave possessions for their kids, __2__ they are rich or poor. But Mark Zuckerberg, the founder and CEO of the social media giant Facebook, has something __3__ (large) in mind. On Dec. 1, Zuckerberg, 31, announced the birth of his first child and the start __4__ the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, __5__ organization for helping people in need.__6__ (make) the world a better place for their kids to grow up in, Zuckerberg said he and his wife, Priscilla Chan, would give away 99 percent of their Facebook shares __7__ now are worth about $45 billion (about 288 billion yuan) to good causes.
However, the shares will not be donated to the organization immediately, but over the course of the couple's lives.
The __8__ (announce) was presented as a letter __9__ (write) by the couple to their new baby girl, Max.
According to the letter, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative __10__ (help) to realize “human potential” and “equality for all children in the next generation”．
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________
【参考答案】语法填空
语篇解读：很多父母都尽力给孩子留下财产，然而Facebook的总裁竟捐出所持的Facebook的99%的股份做公益。
1．their do one's best to do sth.表示“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，因此应使用形容词性物主代词their。
2．whether whether ... or意为“无论……还是”，为固定搭配。
3．larger But的转折暗含此处表示与其他父母的比较，因此使用比较级。
4．of 此处of短语作后置定语，the start of the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative表示“扎克伯格－陈计划的启动”。
5．an 此处为the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative的同位语，organization的读音以元音音素开头，因此填an。
6．To make 此处为目的状语，因此使用不定式。
7．which/that 空处引导定语从句，先行词为“99 percent of their Facebook shares”，指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，因此填which/that。
8．announcement 此处为主语，由谓语动词was可知，应用单数名词作主语。 9．written 此处为a letter的后置定语，因write与a letter之间构成动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作后置定语。
10．will help 依据这封信，扎克伯格－陈计划将会帮助实现人类潜能以及下一代所有孩子的平等，应使用一般将来时。
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