大学英语六级模拟试卷562(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级模拟试卷562 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 8. Translation

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

1． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should We Give Gifts to Teachers on Teachers’ Day? You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below.1．有人赞成在教师节给老师送礼2．有人则表示反对3．我认为… Should We Give Gifts to Teachers on Teachers’ Day?

正确答案： Should We Give Gifts to Teachers on Teachers’ Day? (1) Whether we should give gifts to teachers on Teachers’ Day has become a topic of debate in China recently. Some people say we should for two reasons. (2) The first reason is that gifts presented to teachers show our respect and appreciation for teachers’ contribution. (2) The second is that giving gifts to teachers is regarded as a virtue, which has been a tradition for thousands of years. Some people, (3) on the contrary, maintain that we should ban gifts on Teacher’s Day. (4) The festival, they say, has been materialized as more students’ parents turn to expensive gifts or even cash to offer teachers for some personal interests. It (5) has put great pressure on parents especially those that are not rich. (4) Worse still, it may lead to the corruption of teachers. (6) In my view, gifts still serve as a good way to express people’s love and respect toward honorable teachers and should not be banned. (6) However, people should give small and meaningful rather than expensive gifts to teachers (5) for the sake of students, parents and teachers. After all, (7) it is not the price of the gift but just the heart you put into it that is meaning and important.

解析：(1)开篇点题(2)说明支持送礼的两个理由，一目了然(3)“相反地”，过渡到说明反对者的观点(4)分析送礼的危害(5)亮点词组：“给…施加巨压”：“为了…”(6)给出两个看法(7)强调句型的彰显语法功底

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.

Scientists Worry Machines May Outsmart Man A robot that can open doors and find electrical outlets to recharge itself. Computer viruses that no one can stop. Predator drones (a pilotless aircraft), which, though still controlled remotely by humans, come close to a machine that can kill autonomously. Impressed and

alarmed by advances in artificial intelligence, a group of computer scientists is debating whether there should be limits on research that might lead to loss of human control over computer-based systems that carry a growing share of society’s workload, from waging war to chatting with customers on the phone. Their concern is that further advances could create profound social disruptions and even have dangerous consequences. As examples, the scientists pointed to a number of technologies as diverse as experimental medical systems that interact with patients to simulate sympathy, and computer worms and viruses that defy elimination (清除) and could thus be said to have reached a “cockroach” stage of machine intelligence. While the computer scientists agreed that we are a long way from Hal, the computer that took over the spaceship in “2001: A Space Odyssey,” they said there was legitimate concern that technological progress would transform the work force by destroying a widening range of jobs, as well as force humans to learn to live with machines that increasingly copy human behaviors. The researchers — leading computer scientists, artificial intelligence researchers and roboticists who met at the Asilomar Conference Grounds on Monterey Bay in California — generally discounted the possibility of highly centralized superintelligences and the idea that intelligence might spring spontaneously from the Internet. But they agreed that robots that can kill autonomously are either already here or will be soon. They focused particular attention on the specter (幻象) that criminals could exploit artificial intelligence systems as soon as they were developed. What could a criminal do with a speech synthesis system that could disguise as a human being? What happens if artificial intelligence technology is used to mine personal information from smart phones? The researchers also discussed possible threats to human jobs, like self-driving cars, software-based personal assistants and service robots in the home. Just last month, a service robot developed by Willow Garage in Silicon Valley proved it could navigate (航行) the real world. A report from the conference, which took place in private on Feb. 25, is to be issued later this year. Some attendees discussed the meeting for the first time with other scientists this month and in interviews. The conference was organized by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (A.A.A.I.), and in choosing Asilomar for the discussions, the group purposefully evoked a landmark event in the history of science. In 1975, the world’s leading biologists also met at Asilomar to discuss the new ability to reshape life by swapping genetic material among organisms. Concerned about possible biohazards and ethical questions, scientists had halted certain experiments. The conference led to guidelines for recombinant (重组的) DNA research, enabling experimentation to continue. The meeting on the future of artificial intelligence was organized by Eric Horvitz, a Microsoft researcher who is now president of the association. Dr. Horvitz said he believed computer scientists must respond to the notions of superintelligent machines and artificial intelligence systems run amok (乱窜). The idea of an “intelligence explosion” in which smart machines would design even more intelligent machines was proposed by the mathematician I. J. Good in 1965. Later, in lectures and science fiction novels, the computer scientist Vernor Vinge popularized the notion of a moment when humans will create smarter-than-human machines, causing such rapid

change that the “human era will be ended.” He called this shift the Singularity. This vision, embraced in movies and literature, is seen as plausible and unnerving by some scientists like William Joy, co-founder of Sun Microsystems. Other technologists, notably Raymond Kurzweil, have highly praised the coming of ultrasmart machines, saying they will offer huge advances in life extension and wealth creation. “Something new has taken place in the past five to eight years,” Dr. Horvitz said. “Technologists are providing almost religious visions, and their ideas are resonating in some ways with the same idea of the Rapture.” The Kurzweil version of technological Utopia (乌托邦) has captured imaginations in Silicon Valley. This summer an organization called the Singularity University began offering courses to prepare a “cadre” to shape the advances and help society cope with the possible results. “My sense was that sooner or later we would have to make some sort of statement or assessment, given the rising voice of the technorati and people very concerned about the rise of intelligent machines,” Dr. Horvitz said. The A.A.A.I. report will try to assess the possibility of “the loss of human control of computer-based intelligences.” It will also try hard, Dr. Horvitz said, to deal with socioeconomic, legal and ethical issues, as well as probable changes in human-computer relationships. How would it be, for example, to relate to a machine that is as intelligent as your spouse? Dr. Horvitz said the panel was looking for ways to guide research so that technology improved society rather than moved it toward a technological catastrophe. Some research might, for instance, be conducted in a high-security laboratory. The meeting on artificial intelligence could be crucial to the future of the field. Paul Berg, who was the organizer of the 1975 Asilomar meeting and received a Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1980, said it was important for scientific communities to engage the public before alarm and opposition becomes unshakable. “If you wait too long and the sides become entrenched like with G.M.O.,” he said, referring to genetically modified foods, “then it is very difficult. It’s too complex, and people talk right past each other.” Tom Mitchell, a professor of artificial intelligence and machine learning at Carnegie Mellon University, said the February meeting had changed his thinking. “I went in very optimistic about the future of A.I. and thinking that Bill Joy and Ray Kurzweil were far off in their predictions,” he said. But, he added, “The meeting made me want to be more outspoken about these issues and in particular be outspoken about the vast amounts of data collected about our personal lives.” Despite his concerns, Dr. Horvitz said he was hopeful that artificial intelligence research would benefit humans, and perhaps even compensate for human failings. He recently demonstrated a voice-based system that he designed to ask patients about their symptoms and to respond with sympathy. When a mother said her child was having diarrhea, the face on the screen said, “Oh no, sorry to hear that.” A physician told him afterward that it was wonderful that the system responded to human emotion. “That’s a great idea,” Dr. Horvitz said he was told. “I have no time for that.”

2． What is the focus of a group of computer scientists’ debates?

A．The possibility of advanced military computers for civil use.

B．The time when to put robots into use to share the society’s workload. C．The necessity of limiting study on ultrasmart artificial intelligence. D．The chances that computers will talk with people on the phone.

正确答案：C

解析：该段提到，人工智能的发展是如此的令人印象深刻和让人震惊，日前一群计算机科学家正对其进行争论：是否应该限制相关研究，由此可知，电脑专家辩论的焦点就是是否需要对人工智能的研究进行限制，即限制人工智能研究的必要性，故答案为[C]。

3． What is said about computer viruses that reach a “cockroach” stage? A．They are no longer infectious.

B．It is extremely difficult to kill them. C．They can be easily destroyed.

D．It’s possible that they become diversified.

正确答案：B

解析：该段提到，computer…viruses that defy elimination(清除)and could thus be said to have reached a “cockroach”stage of machine intelligence，[B]中extremely difficult to kill是对该段提到的defy elimination(违抗清除]的同义转述，故答案为[B]。

4． The researchers meeting at the Asilomar Conference Grounds agreed that______.

A．robots will soon be able to control themselves B．computers will outsmart human beings soon C．intelligence will be self-generated from the web

D．superintelligences will make more intelligent machines

正确答案：A 解析：该句提到，But they agreed that robots that can kill autonomously…will be soon，其中they指代首句提到的The researchers…who met at the Asilomar Conference Grounds。[A](机器人很快就能够控制自己)与该句提到的robots that can kill autonomously…will be soon对应，故答案为[A]。

5． Some researchers assumed that service robots in the home______. A．would do harm to the whole world in the end B．could improve the owner’s safety at home C．might be a threat to people’s employment D．were able to carry out tasks outdoors

正确答案：C 解析：该句提到，The researchers also discussed possible threats to human jobs，

like…service robots in the home，[C](可能对人们的就业构成威胁)是对该句提到的possible threats to human jobs的同义转述，故答案为[C]。

6． What did the world’s top biologists discuss at Asilomar in 1975? A．Hazards to the environment. B．Genetic issues.

C．Significant events in history. D．Machine intelligence.

正确答案：B 解析：该句提到，1975年，the world’s leading biologists同样聚集在Asilomar，讨论新型生物技术，通过交换生物之间的基因物质来改造生命，题干中的the world’s top biologists与该句提到的the world’s leading biologists对应，[B]Genetic issues是对讨论内容的概括总结，故答案为[B]。

7． What did the computer scientist Vernor Vinge refer the Singularity to? A．The moment that human beings become machines. B．The time when smart machines design machines. C．The era when artificial intelligence is eliminated. D．The change that human beings’ times is over.

正确答案：D

解析：末句提到，He called this shift the Singularity，this shift指代上句提到的rapid change that the “human era will be ended．”，[D]The change that human beings’times is over是对this shift即rapid change that the “human era will be ended．”的同义转述，故答案为[D]。

8． Raymond Kurzweil regarded ultrasmart machines as______. A．unacceptable B．advantageous C．life-threatening D．unimaginable

正确答案：B

解析：该句提到，Raymond Kurzweil对超级智能机器的到来表示欢迎，称这些机器将为生命延续和创造财富提供巨大的帮助，由此可知，Raymond Kurzweil认为超级智能机器对人类有益，故答案为[B]advantageous“有利的，有益的”。

9． According to Dr. Horvitz, some study might be carried out in a high-security lab to prevent a possible______.

正确答案：technological catastrophe

解析：空前的a possible表明，本空应填一名词(短语)。题干中的some study

might be carried out in a high-security lab与该段末句提到的Some research might…be conducted in a high—security laboratory对应，to(表目的)与首句提到的so that对应，prevent(避免)表明，后面应填不好的方面，故so that后否定的technological catastrophe即为本题答案。

10． After the February meeting, Tom Mitchell became very______about the future of artificial intelligence.

正确答案：optimistic

解析：空前的became very表明，本空应填一形容词(短语)。这两句提到，Tom Mitchell…said…“I went in very optimistic about the future of A．I…．”，题干中的became与第二句提到的went in对应。about the future of artificial intelligence与about the future of A．I对应，故went in后面的optimistic即为本题答案。

11． Dr. Horvitz recently designed a medical system which could show sympathy to patients after______.

正确答案：asking them about their symptoms 解析：题干中的Dr．Horvitz recently designed a medical system与该句提到的a voice-based system that he designed对应，show sympathy与respond with sympathy对应，故respond with sympathy前面的动作ask pafienm about their symptoms即为本题答案出处。因为空前的after为介词，所以ask 应该变为动名词，再根据patients在空前提到过，所以此外用them代替即可。

Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer.

听力原文：M: How do you like Professor Bookman’s course on the History of Philosophy? He is a distinguished scholar on that subject.W: He is a great teacher. But I’m having a hard time with the reading. I feel like I can never finish it.Q: What problem does the woman have with the course?

12．

A．She’s having a hard time following the professor’s lectures. B．She doesn’t like the way the professor lectures. C．She is not interested in the course.

D．She’s having difficulty with the heavy reading assignments.

正确答案：D 解析：女士的话But I’m having a hard time with the reading…can never finish it

为听音重点。[D]的内容是对女士的话的同义转述，having difficulty with对应having a hard time with，故答案为[D]。

听力原文：W: It’s a pity you missed the concert yesterday evening. It was wonderful! M: I didn’t want to miss the football game. Well, I’m not a classical music fan anyway. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

13．

A．The man was sorry to miss the football game. B．The man attended the concert, but didn’t like it. C．The man was sorry that he didn’t attend the concert.

D．The man is more interested in football than in classical music.

正确答案：D

解析：男士的话I didn’t want to miss the football game(我不想错过足球赛)和not a classical music fan(不是古典音乐迷)为听音重点。[D]中的is more interested in football是对男士的话的综合表述，故答案为[D]。

听力原文：W: I thought Tom said he got A’s in all his tests. M: Mary, you should know better than to take Tom’s words too seriously. Q: What does the man mean?

14．

A．Tom is very responsible. B．Tom’s words aren’t reliable. C．What Tom said is true. D．Tom is not humorous at all.

正确答案：B

解析：对话中男士提到know better than to take Tom’s words too seriously，[B]的内容是对男士的话的同义转述，故为答案。know better than意为“明事理而不至于(做某事)”，take one’s words seriously意为“认真对待某人的话”。

听力原文：W: I need your help, John, I feel very nervous whenever speaking in the presence of many strangers. Do you know how to overcome this?M: Me too. Take it easy. I consider it a natural human response. You just need time and practice. Practice makes perfect.Q: What does the man mean?

15．

A．She should follow the human nature. B．Strangers are nothing to be afraid of. C．Feeling nervous is nothing improper.

D．She should accept strangers’ presents naturally.

正确答案：C

解析：男士的话a natural human response(人的自然反应)为听音重点。[C]中的nothing improper是对男士的话的同义转述，故答案为[C]。Practice makes perfect．意为“熟能生巧”。

听力原文：W: Your room is a mess. When is the last time you tidied your room? M: It was when Linda came over. She has been so helpful that I simply can’t do without her. Q: What does the man mean?

16．

A．He’s been too busy to clean his room. B．Cleaning is the last thing he wants to do.

C．He hasn’t cleaned his room since Linda visited him. D．Linda is the only person who ever comes to see him.

正确答案：C 解析：男士的话It was when Linda came over(就是琳达来的时候)为听音重点，结合女士提问的When is the last time可知，男士自上次琳达来访后一直没有打扫房间，故答案为[C]。

听力原文：M: Could you give me your office phone number or fax number so that we can contact each other more often?W: But I’ve been trying to find a new job in another company. You see I’ve worked here for 3 years without a raise. That’s unfair to me.Q: What does the woman mean?

17．

A．She is tired of her present job. B．Her phone number has changed. C．She doesn’t have a fax machine. D．She may quit her present job soon.

正确答案：D

解析：女士的话trying to find a new job(正在努力找新工作)为听音重点。[D]的内容与女士的话对应，故为答案。由女士提到的without a raise…unfair排除干扰项[A]。

听力原文：M: Sherry, how are you doing with your thesis? W: Oh, my thesis! That’s something I definitely don’t want to talk about right now. I finished my draft some time ago, but my supervisor said I should do more research if I want to achieve the quality he expects of me. Q: What do we learn from the conversation about the woman’s thesis?

18．

A．It is based on a lot of research.

B．It can be finished in a few weeks’ time. C．It has drawn criticism from lots of people. D．It falls short of her supervisor’s expectations.

正确答案：D 解析：由对话中女士提到的my supervisor said…if I want to achieve the quality he expects(我导师说如果我的论文想达到他期望的质量)可知，论文没有达到导师

的期望，故答案为[D]。fall short of意为“达不到，不符合”。

听力原文：M: I think we should move on to the next item. W: OK. But I’d like to take this matter up again at the end of the meeting. Q: What does the woman mean?

19．

A．They should put the meeting to an end. B．She would like to discuss another item. C．She wants to discuss the issue again later.

D．They should hold another meeting to discuss the matter. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

正确答案：C

解析：女士的话I’d like to take this matter up again at the end of the meeting(我想在会议结束时再讨论一下这个问题)为听音重点，[C]的内容是对女士的话的同义转述，故为答案。

听力原文：M: Hi. Come in.W: Hi. I stopped by to see if you were still looking for a roommate to share your house. M: I sure am. Ever since I cut back on my working hours to go to school, I’ve really had a tight budget. Let me show you the place. Here’s the living room. W: Oh, it looks like you could use a new carpet.. .and those stains? M: Well, I know it needs to be cleaned, but I just don’t have the money to do it right now. W: And what about the kitchen? M: Right this way. Look. It’s completely furnished with all the latest appliances except... W: What? M: Well, the refrigerator door is broken and it won’t shut all the way. It needs fixing, but don’t worry. I’ve just pushed a box against it to keep it shut.W: Great.M: Ah, it isn’t that bad.W: Well, how about the bathroom?M: Well.. .It is fine, but, uh, the tiles in the bathroom need to be replaced, and the window needs fixing. W: Let me see. The tile..., what? The window...Where’s the window pane? M: Well, that’s another slight problem. I’ve put up a piece of cardboard to keep out the rain and snow, and if it gets a little cold, you can always turn on the heat. W: Hey, I think I’ve seen enough. I can’t believe you’ve survived under these conditions. M: So what do you think? You really can’t beat a place like this for $450 a month. So it has its problems, but we can fix those. W: No, thank you. I think I’ve seen enough.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. Why does the man need a roommate to pay for rent?24. What is wrong with the carpet in the living room?25. What does the woman probably do at the end of the conversation?

20．

A．He is laid off from his job. B．He is short of money.

C．The house he rents is very large. D．He is very lonely.

正确答案：B

解析：对话中女士提到她过来看看男士是否还在寻找和他一起租房的室友，男士说I sure am…I’ve really had a tight budget，由此可知。男士因为经济紧张所以需要一个室友一起负担房租，故答案为[B]。

21．

A．It is dirty in several places.

B．It has a few tears here and there. C．It is really worn out. D．It is out of date.

正确答案：A

解析：选项中的It is dirty／out of date，has a few tears等表明，本题考查It的情况，听音时注意It指代什么。对话中女士提到的it looks like you could use a new carpet．．．and those stains?表明，她认为男士应该换个新的carpet，those stains(这些污点)表明carpet脏，故答案为[A]。

22．

A．She helps the man fix up the house. B．She agrees to share the cost of rent. C．She decides to look for another place. D．She persuades the man to change a house.

正确答案：C

解析：选项中的She helps／agrees／decides 等表明，本题考查女士的行为动作。对话中女士看到房间的carpet有点脏，厨房的refrigerator door坏了，接着是bathroom的糟糕情况，最后女士说I think I’ve seen enough，由此可知，女士不打算租这儿的房子，故答案为[C]。

听力原文：M: And now, Mrs. Smith, can you tell us what happened at your apartment when the earthquake ended?W: Oh, it was terrible. I’ll never forget it. Well, Jack and I always get up at about a quarter to five. He has to work early. You see, while I was in the kitchen preparing breakfast, the quake came. There was this horrible sound and the floor was just bouncing and rolling like wave, all at the same time.M: Then what did you do?W: Well, we figure out it was an earthquake. Then I crawled under the table, and I shouted at Jack to come. But he just stood there.M: Whoa!W: It lasted 24 seconds, and then it stopped. And Jack and I could hear people talking outside, so we tried to go out to the front door, but it was jammed shut. And then the first aftershock hit.M: That’s incredible. Then what did you guys do?W: Well, I remember that someone shouted, “Get out of there, quickly!” Jack said: “We’ll go out of the window.” But I called out: “It’s too high up,” because we were living on the second floor. “Not any more,” Jack shouted back. So, we looked out of the window and, sure enough, we were down on the ground!M: Your second floor apartment was on the ground?W: We couldn’t believe it. We opened the window and crawled out.

Once we were down safely, we turned around and looked back at our apartment building. The whole first was gone — it was just totally flattened.M: Mrs. Smith, do you mean that the whole first floor was gone?W: Yes, the first floor was gone.M: And what about your apartment?W: The apartment, can you believe it, had moved and stood there.M: Incredible, Mrs. Smith, absolutely incredible.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. At what time does the woman get up every morning?20. What was Jack’s first reaction after the earthquake came?21. Why did the woman and her husband get down on the ground directly after crawling out of the window?22. What was the woman’s apartment like after the earthquake?

23． A．5:15. B．4:45. C．0.239583 D．0.177083

正确答案：B

解析：根据对话中提到的Jack and I always get up at about a quarter to five可知，女士每天早上4：45起床，故答案为[B]。

24．

A．He shouted at his wife. B．He just stood there.

C．He crawled under the table. D．He lost consciousness.

正确答案：B

解析：由对话中提到的But he just stood there 可推测，Jack的第一反应是站着不动，故答案为[B]。

25．

A．They just lived in the first floor.

B．Their apartment building is lower than a normal one. C．The floor below their apartment was totally flattened. D．The ground was heightened because of the earthquake.

正确答案：C

解析：根据对话中提到的once we were down safely．．．The whole first was gone——it was just totally flattened可知，整个第一层楼全部坍塌并被夷为平地了，所以他们直接从窗户爬到了地面，故答案为[C]。

26．

A．It was gone completely.

B．It stayed where it was before the earthquake. C．It moved to another place and collapsed totally.

D．It kept standing there though moved.

正确答案：D

解析：[B]和[D]的意思相矛盾，根据命题规律，其中之一很可能是答案。由对话中提到的had moved and stood there可知，答案为[D]。

Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

听力原文： If you’re in charge of a project, the key to success is getting everyone to help you. As a director, I suggest, I gently push the actors in the direction I want them to go. In the 1986 movie Nothing in Common, Jackie Gleason’s character, Max Basner, gets fired from his job as a clothing salesman. The scene, shot on a boat, shows Max’s hopelessness about being out of work. I was looking for some ways that would allow Max to show his feelings. Jackie had far more experience at everything than I did, and at first I was frightened. What could I possibly tell “The Great One” about acting? Out of fear I decided to direct by suggestion, and I sat down with Gleason to talk about the scene. “So Max is sad, right” I said. Gleason nodded. “And he’s probably still carrying his pens with his name on them — the ones he used to hand out to his customers, right?” Gleason nodded. “So what would you want to do with the pens after you were fired?” He was silent for a moment. “Why don’t I throw them overboard?” I stood up and turned toward the crew. “Hey, everybody, Jackie has a wonderful idea. Let’s shoot it.” After filming the scene, Gleason called me over and said with a smile, “Garry, what kind of wonderful idea am I going to have tomorrow?” You and your team can discover the answers to problems together. When there are no prizes or gold stars for those who get the solution first, you’ll all benefit when everything turns out right.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. What should we do if we want to succeed in the project we are in charge of?31. Why did Gleason call the director over and smile at him?32. Which would be the most suitable title for the passage?

27．

A．Make everyone work for you. B．Get everyone to help you.

C．Let people know you have the final say. D．Keep giving orders to everyone.

正确答案：B

解析：选项均以原形动词开头表明，本题考查行为活动或观点建议。短文开头提到，如果你掌管一项工程，成功的关键是要每个人都帮助你，故答案为[B]。

28．

A．Gleason thought his wonderful idea was accepted by the director.

B．Gleason succeeded in hitting upon a wonderful idea. C．Gleason was confident about his work the next day.

D．Gleason appreciated the director’s way of directing films.

正确答案：D

解析：[A]、[C]、[D]都说的是Gleason对事情的主观态度，而[B]却说的是他做的事情，可先排除。根据短文可知，Gleason很欣赏他的导演方式，故答案为[D]。

29．

A．Directing a Film B．The Key to Success C．A Wonderful Experience D．Working with Film Stars

正确答案：B

解析：由选项概括性较强且实词首字母均大写可知，本题考查短文题目。根据短文开头的If you’re…the key to success is…to help you可知，最适合的标题应是[B]。

听力原文： Exporters are going to have to change if they hope to penetrate the large European markets. The European Union (EU) has launched a two sided attack on packaging waste. It wants both to decrease sharply the amount of packaging waste that is generated and to increase the level of recycling necessary packaging. To accomplish these objectives, two key targets have been established. First, by 1998, 60 percent of package waste by weight has to be recoverable for recycling or other uses and by 2003, the percentage to reach 90. The second target requires that more than 10 percent by weight of the waste remains to be disposed of (e. g. , in landfills). The individual EU countries are free to determine on their own by what methods they want to achieve these targets and how they will finance these necessary waste recovery infrastructures. Most countries will place the largest part of burden on those manufacturing, using, or selling packaging. Marketers have been encouraged to adopt the four environmentally correct — redesign, reduce, reuse, and recycle. Germany, which has been the front runner in issue, requires producers, importers, distributors, wholesalers, and retailers to take packaging from their customers to use or recycling independently of the public waste disposal system. These criteria will directly affect the US and other exporters seeking markets in Europe. If packaging of exports does not meet the EU requirements, products may be denied entry. Exporters to the EU will seek out distributors with experience in dealing with waste management requirements. While the system is a burden, it offers some benefits. Cutting down on packaging can save on materials and shipping costs.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. What is the viewpoint of the speaker at the beginning?34. According to the speaker, how will exporters to the EU be affected?35. Why does the speaker believe the system may also be beneficial to exporters?

30．

A．The US should catch up to European environmental standards. B．American exporters must adapt to new regulations in Europe. C．The US should be more sensitive to environmental issues. D．The EU’s new regulations are a burden.

正确答案：B

解析：预监选项可知，本题可能考查观点建议。短文开头提到Exporters are going to have to change if they hope to penetrate the large European markets，结合后面提到的These criteria will directly affect US and other exporters…可推知，说话人认为美国出口商必须适应欧洲的新条例，[B]与此相符，故为答案。

31．

A．Their packaging of exports has to conform to EU regulations. B．They have to cut out waste completely. C．They must have an experienced distributor. D．They will see expenditure rise.

正确答案：A

解析：选项中的They，have to，must，will等表明，本题考查They必须做的事。短文中的These criteria will directly affect the US and other exporters seeking…not meet the EU requirements,products may be denied entry表明，新标准将直接影响到寻求欧盟市场的美国和其他国家的出口商，其出口产品的包装必须达到欧盟的规定，故答案为[A]。

32．

A．It will allow fewer trees to be cut. B．It will require less labor costs. C．It saves some shipping costs.

D．It will make them more competitive.

正确答案：C

解析：由选项中的It，saves…costs，make them more competitive等可知，本题考查It所起的作用。短文结尾处的it offers some benefits…can save on materials and shipping costs表明，削减包装的重量会减少材料和运输费用，故答案为[C]。

听力原文： We do not know when men first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history. Historical evidence shows, for example, that people who lived over 3,000 years ago ate salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to keep the dead from decaying. Stealing salt was considered a major crime during some period of history. In the 18th century, for example, if a person was caught stealing salt, he could be put in jail. History records that about ten thousand people were put in jail during that century for

stealing salt! About 150 years before, in the year 1553, taking more than one’s share of salt was punishable as a crime. The offender’s ear was cut off. Salt was an important item on the table of a king. It was traditionally placed in front of the king when he sat down to eat. Important guests at the king’s table were seated near the salt. Less important guests were given seats farther away from it.Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard. 32. How was salt used in Egypt thousands of years ago?33. In the 16th century, what would happen to a man who took more than his share of salt?34. Where was the salt placed when the king had his dinner?35. When did man first begin to use salt?

33．

A．To keep fish alive. B．To punish criminals. C．To help heal wounds. D．To preserve dead bodies.

正确答案：D 解析：选项均以不定式开头表明，本题考查行为目的。短文中提到Thousands of years ago in Egypt，salt was used to keep the dead from decaying，即在几千年前的埃及，盐是用来防止尸体腐烂的，故答案为[D]。

34．

A．He would lose his ear. B．He would lose his life. C．He would lose all his salt. D．He would be heavily fined.

正确答案：A

解析：选项均为表示He不好的结果可知，本题可能考查He所受的惩罚。短文中提到…in the year 1553，taking more than one’s share of salt．．．The offender’s ear was cut off，由此可知，答案为[A]。

35．

A．On the King’s seat. B．In front of the King. C．In front of everyone.

D．A long way from the important guests.

正确答案：B

解析：选项均为表示地点状语的词组可知，本题可能考查事物放置的位置。短文中提到Salt was an important item on the table of a king．．．was traditionally placed in front of the king when he sat down to eat，由此可知，答案为[B]。

36．

A．When man began to preserve the dead.

B．When man began to salt fish. C．Three thousand years ago. D．No one knows.

正确答案：D

解析：选项均为表示时间的名词短语，由其中的salt fish可知，本题可能者查人类开始使用盐的时间。短文一开始就提到的We do not know when men first began to use salt表明，人类开始使用盐的具体时间无从考证，依然是个谜，故答案为[D]。

Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the

Some students are not adequately prepared for college. Should we turn them away? Deceive them? Or modify our product? Americans must be 【B1】______of their ability and responsibility to continue to learn throughout their working lives. And although I 【B2】______ to repeat a point so frequently made by others, they must also be taught a body of basic skills. Our industry does our nation no service by 【B3】______unprepared students or by turning out 【B4】______graduates. These people must be taught. If they are not yet ready to learn the lessons we have prepared, should we not expand and 【B5】______those lessons? Here is yet another【B6】______for offering the new first 【B7】______. It would provide a 【B8】______program for students who are not yet prepared to go for the bachelor’s degree. 【B9】______? In spite of scattered attempts to change, the typical American academic schedule remains a relic of our past, yet we are no longer a nation of farmers; we no longer have any reason to end the academic year in May or June. 【B10】______, then we are going to have to operate six days a week, year round. We should go to full-time operation because that is the least expensive way to teach more students per year. 【B11】______

37． 【B1】

正确答案：informed

解析：空前的系动词be和空后的of表明，本空应填一形容词或被动语态形式的动词。be informedof意为“了解”。

38． 【B2】

正确答案：hesitate

解析：空前的主语“我”及整篇短文的时态表明，本空应填一原形动词。

39． 【B3】

正确答案：discarding 解析：空前的by以及空后的or by turning表明，本空应填一动名词。discarding unprepared students意为“抛弃准备不足的学生”。

40． 【B4】

正确答案：deficient

解析：空后的名词graduates表明，本空应填一形容词。deficient graduates意为“有缺陷的毕业生”。

41． 【B5】

正确答案：revise

解析：空前的并列连词and表明，本空应填一与expand并列的原形动词。revise意为“修订”。

42． 【B6】

正确答案：argument

解析：空前的another表明，本空应填一名词。argument意为“争议”。

43． 【B7】

正确答案：degree

解析：空前的first表明，本空应填一名词。degree意为“学位”。

44． 【B8】

正确答案：legitimate

解析：空前的不定冠词a及空后的名词program表明，本空应填一形容词。legitimate program意为“合理的项目”。

45． 【B9】

正确答案：As our industry grows in responsibility,diversity，and productivity,should we not change our productionschedule

解析：As industry grows in responsibility,diversity，and productivity,should we not change the productionschedule

46． 【B10】

正确答案：If universities are to realize their growing role in society and firmly grasp the enormous power that roleimplies

解析：If universities are to realize their growing role in society and firmly get the enormous power thatrole implies

47． 【B11】

正确答案：For many universities where teaching goes on five days a week for thirty weeks，capacity is constrained by the physical plant

解析：For many universities where teaching goes on 5 days a week for 30 weeks，capacity is limited bythe physical plant

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section ADirections: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

The Masters of Business Administration (MBA), the best known business school label, is an introduction to general management. The traditional MBA, Harvard style, has remained largely unaltered since the 1950s, and seeks to provide a thorough knowledge of business functions through the case study — a feature incidentally borrowed from law school. In a similar fashion to law school, the graduate management programs train students to think in a particular way, ultimately teaching future business leaders how to analyze problems quickly and contrive concise solutions. However, business comprises more than merely manipulating numbers or sourcing rational answers to problems. Today, both companies and schools are increasingly aware that business is a human activity; it’s ultimately by and about people. John Quelch is a business school insider who detects the limitations of the traditional syllabus. According to Quelch, leadership is an area that schools have not fully addressed. “The basic technical training managers need is more widespread. But leadership skills are in short supply. This could become a major constraint on the speed with which multinational companies can expand,” he says. Leadership is notoriously hard to teach, but programs do have the capacity to provide a grounding in non-business areas and personal growth. “You want to produce graduates who will be effective. To do this, they need to know their own skills. Our job is not only to cram finance down their throats, but help develop them as people,” explains Leo Murray, director of Cranfield School of Management in the U.K. Cranfield uses philosophy in its core, which since 1997 has offered an evening lecture series encompassing both Aristotelian and present-day thinking. Self-awareness is crucial at the school, which will grant the theme even more space. “These issues help people think,” states Murray. “The better you understand yourself, goes the logic, the better you can manage others.” The Said Business School (SBS) at Oxford University

champions a more integrated approach. John Kay, SBS director, is keen to leverage the intellectual might of the wider university. Access to faculty from other disciplines including philosophy, politics and economics, he believes, could give SBS an edge over other schools. These are surely steps in the right direction. But there is more. In future, developing a gut (直 觉的) instinct for business may be as important as understanding the figures. To create an MBA to meet the challenges of the 21st century schools will have to try harder, and they know it.

48． How does the traditional Masters of Business Administration introduce the knowledge of general management?

正确答案：Through the case study．

解析：题干中的traditional Masters of Business Administration出现在首段第二句。题干中的introduce the knowledge of general management对应该句中的seeks to provide a thorough knowledge of business functions，题干中的How表明，本题答案为方式状语，故该句中的through the case study为答案。注意首字母要大写，末尾要加英文句号。

49． Universities and companies come to realize that the nature of business now is a______

正确答案：human activity

解析：空前的不定冠词a表明，本空应填一名词(短语)。第二段末句提到Today,both companies and schools are increasingly aware that business is a human activity；it’s ultimately by and about people．， 题干中的Universities and companies对应该句中的companies and schools，come to realize对应该句中的are increasingly aware，the nature of business对应该句中的business，本句中的a后的human activity即为答案。

50． John Quelch thinks the weak point of the traditional MBA is its failure to provide programs on______.

正确答案：leadership

解析：题干中的John Quelch出现在第三段首句。题干中的the weak point of the traditional MBA对应该段首句中的the limimtions of the traditional syllabus，题干中的its failure to provide programs对应该段第二句中的have not fully addressed，故答案为leadership。

51． What does the Cranfield School consider the most important quality for people to grow?

正确答案：Self-awareness．

解析：题干中的Cranfield School出现在第四段。该段倒数第三句提到

Self-awareness is crucial at the school，which will grant the theme even more space．，题干中的the most important quality对应该句中的crucial，故该句的主语Self-awareness为答案。注意首字母要大写，答案末尾要加英文句号“．”。

52． According to John Kay, that students have______could give Said Business School advantage over other business schools.

正确答案： access to faculty from other disciplines

解析：题干中的John Kay出现在第五段第二句。题干中的According to John Kay对应该段第三句中的he believes，advantage对应该句中的edge(优势)，由此可知，答案为access to faculty from other disciplines。

Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

Most shoppers know the feeling. You stand in front of piles of organic produce and wonder what those premium prices are buying you over and above what you get from standard foods. Not a lot nutrition-wise, it seems. Organic farming may not even be more sustainable. But could the whole debate about organic versus non-organic be missing the point? Understanding nutrition is, of course, vital when it comes to choosing food. In a report published recently, a team from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine examined 162 papers that compared organic and conventionally produced food. They concluded that there was no evidence to back up claims that organic food is more nutritious. But this is only one of the aspects of organic food that shoppers care about, and things get even more complicated when other, factors are brought into the equation. Many buy organic fruit and vegetables because they are not sprayed with pesticides. We know these can cause birth defects, cancer, and even the diabetes epidemic but it remains unclear whether the amounts in conventionally grown fruit and vegetables are high enough to be a health hazard. And then there are issues unrelated to health. Take energy use. True, some organic farming systems are more energy-efficient, partly because they do not use synthetic fertilizers, which are energy-intensive to produce. However, there is limited pressure on organic farmers to cut emissions. They don’t yet have to do so to qualify for organic status. As Laurie Drinkwater, an expert in sustainable agriculture at Cornell University in New York, points out, “Organic agriculture is not without environmental consequences.” Indeed, according to Jules Pretty, an agricultural scientist at the University of Essex in Colchester, some organic farms keep weeds down with propane burners (丙烷加热器), which produce carbon dioxide. Soil erosion is another confounding factor. Many organic farms emphasize crop rotation, in part to ensure that fields are not left uncovered and vulnerable to erosion. The trouble is some organic farmers actually cause erosion by tilling the soil frequently to tackle the weeds. It’s not about whether organic food is good or a sham. That’s the wrong question. We should be asking how we can make all of agriculture more

sustainable. Rather than compare organic and conventional systems in a simplistic way, Drinkwater and Pretty say we should identify the things we want from farms and then design a farming system — organic or otherwise — that best meets those goals. Producing enough food is an obvious aim, but farmers can also help boost biodiversity, keep rivers free of certain kinds of pollution, and fight climate change. There is also the question of animal welfare. You would probably end up with a system that borrows techniques from many existing farming methods. That would be good news for farmers and the rest of society, even though it might not produce so many snappy headlines.

53． What’s the new finding published recently according to the passage? A．Most shoppers choose organic foods for their rich nutrition. B．There is no scientific basis for the organic foods’ rich nutrition. C．Organic foods are not nutritious at all. D．Organic farming is not sustainable.

正确答案：B

解析：第二段第二句中提到，最近发布的一份报告中，来自伦敦卫生及热带医学学院的研究小组，调查了162篇比较有机食品和用传统方式生产的食品的论文。下一句得出结论：没有证据支持有机食品更富营养的说法。由此可见有机食品更有营养的说法缺乏科学依据，故答案为[B]。

54． Besides nutrition consideration, people choose organic foods because______.

A．they are approved by many experts B．they taste better than standard foods C．they cannot cause diseases D．they are free from pesticides

正确答案：D

解析：第三段提到，营养只是消费者们关注有机食品的一个方面。许多人购买有机果蔬，因为它们没有喷过农药。由此可知，有机食物无农药残留是消费者选择它们的另一个方面，故答案为[D]，be free from意为“无…的”。文中说农药可以导致疾病，但这并非就是说不含农药就一定不会导致疾病，故[C]项错误。

55． According to experts, organic farms are not completely environmentally friendly because some of them______.

A．use energy-intensively produced synthetic fertilizers B．produce carbon dioxide while removing weeds C．use high doses of weed-killer

D．use too many resources to qualify for organic status

正确答案：B

解析：第四段末句提到，据英国埃塞克斯大学农学家Jules Pretty说，部分有机农场采用能产生二氧化碳的丙烷加热器除草。由此看出，部分有机农场在除草时会产生二氧化碳，[B]中的removing weeds是对短文中keep weeds down的同义转述，故答案为[B]。

56． How does the crop rotation affect the environment? A．It efficiently increases soil fertility.

B．It maintains the highest soil organic matter levels.

C．It theoretically preserves soil but produces opposite results for frequent ploughing farms.

D．It makes soil become immune to erosion.

正确答案：C

解析：第五段提到，许多有机农场强调作物轮作，部分是为了保证土地没有荒芜，免遭水土腐蚀。问题是，有些农场频繁地翻地除草，实际上却导致了水土流失。由此推断出农场实施作物轮作制的本意是为了避免土壤腐蚀但对于频繁翻地的农场却适得其反，造成了水土流失，故答案为[C]。

57． What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．How to develop agriculture while protecting environment.

B．Why organic versus conventional fanning is a redundant debate. C．What we can get from organic foods and organic farms.

D．What organic food shoppers is care about more than nutrition.

正确答案：B 解析：文章首段提出问题：整个有机和非有机农业之争，会不会没抓住要点，接着文章就争论的方面做了分析，倒数第二段中指出不管是有机农业还是其他的农业均应着眼于如何具有可持续性，探讨有机食品是好是坏是错误的，故答案为[B]。

A vacation-crushing theory on how to improve student performance is gaining traction: more time in class. It’s a strategy supported by both President Barack Obama and Education Secretary Arne Duncan, and cities and states are experimenting with various approaches. Cincinnati, Ohio, for example, in June started giving students in the city’s 13 most persistently failing public schools the option of an extra month of classes. Educators have been eyeing more class time for decades. The landmark 1983 federal report A Nation at Risk, which highlighted the growing achievement gap between the U.S. and other countries, recommended that school districts “strongly consider” a seven-hour day and a 200-to 220-day academic year, which would hew more closely to the schedules in higher-performing Europe and Asia. Although the practice has yet to go mainstream, there’s a big push to add school hours in underperforming urban districts. One champion of this movement is Massachusetts Senator Ted Kennedy, who on July 8 introduced the Time for Innovation Matters in Education Act, which would provide federal grants for states

and districts to “expand learning time in high-need, high-poverty schools”. One of the nation’s most closely watched experiments along these lines is Massachusetts’ Expanded Learning Time (ELT) Initiative. Launched in 2006, the program involves 26 low-performing schools that have each added approximately 1.5 to 2 hours per day to their school calendar. “We’re in the early innings of proving how to extend school hours responsibly and effectively,” says Chris Gabrieli, chairman of Massachusetts 2020, which helped originate the ELT idea. “But clearly, focusing on the students that are furthest behind is where it makes the most sense. Middle-class kids, they get a lot more learning time outside of school — they get tutors, they get arts programs, they get music programs, they get summer camps.” Researchers estimate that low-income students can lose two months of math and reading achievement owing to a lack of reinforcement during the summer break. Critics of extended school time point to the fact that it’s expensive to keep schools open longer. In Massachusetts, for instance, ELT schools receive an additional $1,300 per student, on top of the basic state allotment. And, some ask, if a school is low-performing, if the teachers or curriculums or parental involvement isn’t up to snuff (符合标准), how much good will more class time really do? “You can’t just extend time in these schools by 30%,” says Elena Silva, an analyst with Education Sector, an independent think tank. “That in and of itself is not going to work as a strategy to turn around schools.” That’s why Massachusetts makes schools completely redesign instruction plans before they can receive ELT money. Elsewhere, high-performing charter schools, like those in the Knowledge Is Power Program (KIPP) network, combine more class time with a rigorous curriculum and exceptionally devoted teachers. More hours and days are key, says Steve Mancini, KIPP’s public affairs director. But so is everything else. “Time is just a piece of the puzzle,” he says. “It’s what you do with that time that matters.”

58． If a public school in Cincinnati continuously fails to reach the educational requirement, it may

A．adjust the exam system B．extend the school hours C．cancel summer vacation D．add optional courses

正确答案：B 解析：第二段第二句讲俄亥俄州的辛辛那提市于6月开始让该市排名最靠后的13个持续不达标的公立学校选择延长一个月的课时，故答案为[B]。extend the school hours是对原文中的an extra month of classes的同义转述。题干中的continuously fails to reach the educational requirement是对原文中的persistently failing的同义转述。

59． We can infer from the passage that the “risk” in the federal report A Nation at Risk may refer to ______in the U.S.

A．the lower student performance

B．the longer summer vacation C．the worse class discipline D．the shorter class time

正确答案：A 解析：第三段第二句讲具有里程碑意义的1983年联邦政府报告(危机中的国家)强调了美国学生与其他国家的学生间的成绩差距越来越大，由此可以判断这份报告中的“危机”是指学生成绩较差，故答案为[A]。

60． According to Gabrieli, which group should ELT be concerned about most? A．Students with hidden potential.

B．Students with low-income background. C．Students with poorest school performance. D．Students with gift for art.

正确答案：C

解析：第四段倒数第二句讲到马萨诸塞州2020年计划执行主席克里斯·加布里埃利说，很明显，将中心放在成绩最差的学生身上才是本计划(ELT计划)最有意义的地方。由此可知克里斯·加布里埃利认为差生是ELT计划重点关注的人群，故答案为[C]。

61． According to the passage, some critics think extended school______. A．brings extra burden to students B．is a waste of time and money

C．weakens the students’ interest of learning

D．will not work without other corresponding conditions

正确答案：D 解析：第六段第三句讲到有些人问如果一所学校表现不佳，如果老师的素质、课程的设置或家长参与度不符合标准，延长再多的课时又能发挥多大作用呢?由此可判断出这些反对者的观点：光延长时间是不够的，还需要学校、老师、家长等方面具备一定的条件，故答案为[D]。该段开头提到一些批评者认为延长学校的开放时间的开支大，但并不是说他们认为延长在校时间是浪费时间和金钱，故[B]项错误；另外两项在文中找不到依据。

62． What’s the author’s attitude towards vacation-crushing theory? A．Subjective. B．Disapproved. C．Neutral. D．Approved.

正确答案：C 解析：文中针对缩短假期的理论列举了支持者和反对者的观点和态度，文章的基调是客观地陈述，作者没有明确赞同或反对哪一方，态度应该是中立的，故

答案为[C]。

Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a【C1】______study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr. David.【C2】______people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be【C3】______off with more rest. The beginning of our sleep-deficit crisis can be 【C4】______to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal【C5】______from the 18th and 19th centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the【C6】______person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. “The best sleep habits once were【C7】______on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.” By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced【C8】______to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat on their sleep, and they don’t【C9】______they’re doing it,” says Dr. David. “They think they’re okay because they can get【C10】______on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even【C11】______to feel ideally vigorous.” Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the【C12】______of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community【C13】______. many people consider sleep the least expensive item on the【C14】______. “In our society, you’re considered dynamic【C15】______you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you say you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack【C16】______and ambition.” To assess the【C17】______of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects【C18】______a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. “We’ve found that if you’re sleep-deprived, performance【C19】______.” says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is impaired,【C20】______are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”

63． 【C1】 A．single B．unique C．perfect D．simple

正确答案：A 解析：语义衔接题。四个选项中，只有single常用于否定句中，起强调作用，用在这里指没有一个研究不证明美国人的睡眠时间少于他们的实际所需，故答案为[A]single。[B]unique“唯一的”；[C]perfect“完美的”；[D]simple“简单的”。

64． 【C2】 A．Hence B．But C．Only D．Even

正确答案：D

解析：逻辑衔接题。前句说的是美国人的睡眠时间少于他们的实际所需，本空后说的是那些自我感觉睡眠充足的人…要更多的休息，显然，本空前后为让步关系，故答案为[D]Even“即使”。

65． 【C3】 A．worse B．superior C．better D．inferior

正确答案：C

解析：语义衔接题。be better off为固定词组，常用于给出建议或看法，意为“…更好”，后面常接with sth．或doing sth．，且符合本文所提倡的多睡觉有好处这一主题，故答案为[C]better。同时排除[A]worse。没有be superior off和be inferior off这种用法。

66． 【C4】 A．followed B．traced C．trailed D．ensued

正确答案：B

解析：惯用衔接题。be traced to为固定词组，指“追溯到…”，用在此处指现代人初现睡眠不足的危机可以追溯到一个世纪以前电灯发明的时候，符合语义，故答案为[B]traced。

67． 【C5】 A．materials B．issues C．strategies D．accounts

正确答案：D

解析：惯用衔接题。由and和other可知，本空所填词与personal搭配构成的短语应能与diary entries“日记”一样都表示私人物品。四个选项中符合这一要求的是[D]accounts，personal accounts意为“个人撰述”，为常用短语。

[A]materials“材料”；[B]issues“问题”；[C]strategies“策略”。

68． 【C6】 A．normal B．average C．each D．any

正确答案：B

解析：语义衔接题。由后面的9．5 hours a night可知，这里说的是前人的平均睡眠时间，故答案为[B]average“平均的”。文中并没有线索显示这里说的是以前正常人的睡眠时间，故排除[A]normal“正常的”。[C]each和[D]any前都不用the，故排除。

69． 【C7】 A．reinforced B．relied C．forced D．counted

正确答案：C

解析：语义衔接题。本空所填词应能与空后的on搭配。从后面提到的“晚上不用下地干活，而且到处一片漆黑”可知，前人睡很长时间并非自己的选择，故答案为[C]forced“被迫的”。sth．be forced onsb．意为“某物被强加到某人身上”。count on和rely on指“依赖…”，但一般不用于被动，故排除[B]relied和[D]counted。[A]reinforced“增强”。

70． 【C8】 A．dramatically B．startlingly C．slightly D．violently

正确答案：A

解析：语义衔接题。四个选项中能修饰reduced的副词是[A]dramatically“极大地”，reduced dramatically指“极大地减少”。人的睡眠时间本来就少，因而从9．5小时减少到7．5和8个小时相对来说就是一个很大的变化，故排除干扰项[C]slightly。[B]startlingly“使人惊奇地”在文中没有相关信息体现。[D]violently指以很难被控制的方式进行，不符合此处语义。

71． 【C9】 A．resolve B．realize C．accept

D．assure

正确答案：B

解析：语义衔接题。由下句提到的“他们认为…而实际上他们需要睡7．5个小时，8个小时，甚至…”可知，这里说的是人们并没有意识到自己其实睡眠不足，故答案为[B]realize。[A]resolve“决定”；[C]accept“接受”；[D]assure“使确信”。

72． 【C10】 A．off B．out C．over D．by

正确答案：D

解析：语义衔接题。由because前的they’re okay可知，这里说的是睡6．5个小时也行，也过得去，故答案为[D]by。get by指“过得去”。get off意为“下车”；get out意为“走出去”；get over指“从(疾病、失望等)中恢复过来，克服(困难等)”。

73． 【C11】 A．less B．little C．more D．much

正确答案：C

解析：语义衔接题。结合6．5 hours可知。这里的7．5和8后其实省略了hours。从7．5小时到8小时，说明数字在递增，而even又表递进，显然，答案为用于表示可数名词的[C]more。

74． 【C12】 A．simplicity B．complexity C．diversity D．efficiency

正确答案：B 解析：语义衔接题。从下句提到的多种压力的来源(work，family，friends and community)可知，这里说的是每天所要面临的诸多杂事，即生活的复杂，故答案为[B]complexity“复杂”，同时排除[A]simplicity“简单”。[C]diversity“多样性”与下句的pressures没有必然的关系，故排除；[D]efficiency“效率”。

75． 【C13】

A．enlarge B．decrease C．consolidate D．mount

正确答案：D

解析：语义衔接题。根据常理，当各种事情带来的压力增加而不是减少时，人们才会顾不上睡眠，故排除[B]decrease。其余三项中，与pressures“压力”搭配的只有[D]mount“增加”，故为答案。[A]enlarge“扩大”；[C]consolidate“巩固”。

76． 【C14】 A．agenda B．bulletin C．routine D．timetable

正确答案：A

解析：惯用衔接题。work，family，friends and community和睡眠应该是包括在人们日常安排中，onthe agenda为固定短语，指“在日程安排中”，consider sleep the least expensive item on the agenda指“认为睡眠在日程安排中是最微不足道的”，符合此处语义，故答案为[A]agenda。人们不可能将自己的这些日常事情都写在布告栏上，故排除[B]bulletin。[C]routine和[D]timetable前一般用in，不用on，故排除。

77． 【C15】 A．unless B．whether C．if D．while

正确答案：C

解析：逻辑衔接题。空前说的是你被认为是一个精力充沛的人，空后说的是你说你只需要睡5．5小时，显然，空前后存在一个条件关系，故答案为[C]if。[A]unless也表条件，但相当于if not，放在此处造成逻辑混乱，故排除。

78． 【C16】 A．courage B．stimulus C．inspiration D．drive

正确答案：D

解析：语义衔接题。与and后的ambition“抱负，雄心”在语义上并列，且

与前句的dynamic“充满动力”呼应的是[D]drive“干劲”。[A]courage“勇气”；[B]stimulus“刺激”；[C]inspiration“灵感”。

79． 【C17】 A．results B．effects

C．consequences D．expectations

正确答案：C

解析：语义衔接题。由下文提到的Short-term memory is impaired(短期记忆能力减弱)可知，研究人员研究的是缺乏睡眠的不良后果，故排除[B]effects“效果”和[D]expectations“期望”。consequence多指某一事件引起的、必然或自然的不良结果，侧重强调事件发展的逻辑关系而非直接的因果关系，符合“缺乏睡眠”和“短期记忆力减弱”之间的关系，故答案为[C]consequences。[A]results侧重因某种原因所产生的最终结果，而不是眼前的结果，故排除。

80． 【C18】 A．through B．down C．across D．among

正确答案：A

解析：语义衔接题。researchers做的自然是让被试(subjects)接受测试，put sb．through sth．指的是让某人做某事，故答案为[A]through。put sb．down指“将某人放在某个地方”。put across指“讲明白”，但没有put sb．across的用法。put sb．among指“将某人放在…中”，与此处语义不符。

81． 【C19】 A．descends B．suffers C．takes D．makes

正确答案：B

解析：语义衔接题。由sleep-deprived(睡眠不足)和下句的short-term memory is impaired(短期记忆能力减弱)可知，这里应填一表示不好结果的词，且该词能与performance(表现)搭配，符合这两个要求的只有[B]suffers。

82． 【C20】 A．as B．which C．so

D．what

正确答案：C 解析：结构衔接题。四个选项中只有[C]so能后接“be+主语”构成倒装结构，表示“同样，也”。本句是说，短期记忆能力减弱，决策能力和集中注意力的能力也减弱。

Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences in the blanks by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.

83． The runner______(被剥夺了金牌) for men’s 100-meter dash at the games because he was found to have taken stimulants.

正确答案：was deprived of his gold medal 解析：“被剥夺了某物”用be deprived of sth．表达。题干中由because引导的原因状语从句中时态为一般过去时，因此主句中的时态也应用一般过去时，故“被剥夺了”用was deprived of表达。“金牌”用gold medal表达。

84． By the end of this month, we surely______(会找到满意的解决这一问题的办法).

正确答案：will have found a satisfactory solution to the problem 解析：By the end of this month表明本句是一般将来时。“会找到”表明本句要用将来完成时，用will have found表达。“满意的”用satisfactory表达，“解决这一问题的办法”用solution to the problem。

85． Generally speaking, the British constitution is______(在很大程度上是历史事件的产物).

正确答案：to a large extent a product of the historical events 解析：“在很大程度上”用to a large extent表达。“…的产物”用a product of表达。“历史事件”用the historical events表达。

86． Seeing these pictures______ (让我想到了童年时代).

正确答案：reminds／reminded me of my own childhood 解析：“让某人想起某事”用remind sb．of sth．表达。因为句子是现在分词作主语，谓语应用第三人称单数的形式reminds，由于题干未明确时态，故也可使用过去式reminded。“童年时代”即“我的童年时代”，用my own childhood表达。

87． A student who tries to______(在有考官监视的情况下作弊) is playing with fire.

正确答案：cheat while the examiner is watching 解析：“在有考官监视的情况下”可用while或when引导时间状语表达，表示某件事同步进行；“考官”译为examiner；“监视”在此处是“监考”的意思，可译作watch。“作弊”用cheat表示。