大学英语四级(仔细阅读)专项练习试卷7(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语四级（仔细阅读）专项练习试卷7 (题后含答案及解析)

题型有：1.

Many families in the United States have a larger income now than ever before, but people are finding it difficult to make ends meet anyway. Almost everyone is wondering, “What happens to all my money? I never seem to have anything left to put away.” Why isn’t a dollar worth as much as it used to be? One dollar is always worth the same amount, that is, 100 cents. But the value of a dollar is how much it can buy. The value of money depends on the cost of living. Economists say that the cost of living is the money that a family must pay for the necessities of life such as food, housing or rent, clothes and medical expenses. For many years now, the cost of living has increased greatly, so the value of the dollar has decreased. When a dollar has a low value, you cannot buy as many things with it. No one fully understands why the cost of living keeps increasing, but economists believe that workers and producers can make prices go up. As workers earn more money, they have more money to spend, so they demand more goods. If there is a great demand for certain goods, the prices of these goods go up. At the same time, if there’s a shortage of goods, the price also goes up. For example, if everyone wants to buy more and more gas, the price of gas goes up. When companies withhold gas from buyers, they can also make the price of gas go up. Families need to know what happens to their money. They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family budget. A budget is a list of monthly expenses. If your expenses add up to more than your income, you must find ways to save money. Maybe you’re spending too much on entertainment. Or if you’re spending too much on clothes, you may want to sew your own clothes. Budgeting helps you spend your money wisely as the cost of living increases.

1． What has troubled many families in the United States? A．A not-large-enough income. B．Nothing is left over to put away. C．The increasing cost of living. D．A shortage of certain goods.

正确答案：C 解析：推断题。文章前两段提到美国家庭的收入增加了．但是很难量入为出，并指出这是由于货币的价值下降了，而货币价值的下降是由于生活成本的增加，因此生活成本的增加是困扰美国家庭的根本原因，故选C。 知识模块：仔细阅读

2． Why does the cost of living keep increasing?

A．There are always shortages of goods.

B．The workers are getting lower and lower pay. C．The government makes no difference. D．People demand more goods.

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。根据文章第三段As workers earn more money，they have moremoney to spend，so…go up．可见，人们对商品的需求增加，导致了商品价格的增加，从而增加了生活成本，故D为答案。 知识模块：仔细阅读

3． Which of the following is TRUE?

A．Housewives needn’ t know anything happening to the market. B．People’s lives are affected by the value of money.

C．There seems no need for everyone to know about the rising cost of living. D．The prices will go up if more goods are produced.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。文章没有提到家庭主妇该怎么做，故排除A；文章整体都在说钱的贬值使人们入不敷出，并分析了其原因，告诉人们解决办法，可见人们的生活是受钱的贬值的影响的，故B正确；C、D与文意相反，可直接排除。故答案为B。 知识模块：仔细阅读

4． According to the passage, when people find it hard to make ends meet, they need to_____.

A．find ways to save money

B．do extra work to earn more money

C．try some other means of making money D．raise a protest against the high cost of living

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。由题干定位至文章第四段，该段指出，如果你发现支出大于收入了，那么你需要想办法省钱，故A为答案。 知识模块：仔细阅读

5． Budgeting helps_____.

A．one to make his income meet the cost of living B．the government to battle the rising cost of living C．merchants to produce more goods D．the workers to earn more money

正确答案：A

解析：细节题。根据文章第四段可知，做好预算有助于人们知道收入是否能抵得上支出，并找出省钱的办法，故A符合文意，为本题答案。 知识模块：仔细阅读

More attention was paid to the quality of production in France at the time of Rene Coty. Charles Deschanel was then the financial minister. He stressed that workmanship and quality were more important than quantity for industrial production. It would be necessary to produce quality goods for the international markets to compete with those produced in other countries. The French economy needed a larger share of international market to balance its import and export trade. French industrial and agricultural production was still inadequate to meet the immediate needs of the people, let alone long-ranged developments. Essential imports had stretched the national credit to the breaking point. Rents were tightly controlled, but the extreme inflation affected general population most severely through the cost of food. Food costs took as much as 80 percent of the worker’s income. Wages, it is true, had risen. Extensive family allowances and benefits were paid by the state, and there was full-time and overtime employment. Taken together, these factors enabled the working class to exist but allowed them no sense of security. In this discouraging situation, workmen were willing to work overseas for higher wages. The government was unwilling to let workers leave the country. It was feared that migration of workers would reduce the labor force. The lack of qualified workers might hinder the improvement in the quality of industrial products produced. Qualified workers employed abroad would only increase the quantity of quality goods produced in foreign countries. Also the quantity of quality goods produced in France would not be able to increase as part of its qualified labor force moved to other countries.

6． The purpose of the passage is to_____.

A．explain the French government’ s emphasis on quality products B．discuss Charles Deschanel’s contribution to the French industrial development C．compare the quality of French goods with that of foreign goods

D．show French workmen’s enthusiasm to seek well-paid jobs in foreign countries

正确答案：A

解析：主旨题。文章开篇便指出在Rene Coty时期，法国很重视产品的质量，并且认为高质量产品是国际市场竞争中取胜的必要因素，接下来论述了只重视质量对法国工人生活的影响，在最后一段指出合格工人涌入国外，法国生产高质量产品的数量不能增加。整个文章体现了法国对质量的重视。故A为答案。 知识模块：仔细阅读

7． It can be inferred from the passage that at the time of Rene Coty_____. A．France was still at the first stage of industrial development

B．French workers were less paid than the workers in any other European countries

C．the unemployment rate in France was comparatively higher than that in other European countries

D．French workers were able to live better with the increase in their wages

正确答案：B 解析：推断题。根据文章第二段最后一句法国工人愿意到国外工作以获取高薪，可见国外的工人比法国工人收入要高。故选B。 知识模块：仔细阅读

8． It is implied in the passage that at that time_____. A．France had a very large share of international market

B．the import and export trade in France was making a successful advance C．demand and supply in France was barely balanced D．France was experiencing economic depression

正确答案：D 解析：细节题。文章第二段指出法国出现的严重的通货膨胀．故D正确。 知识模块：仔细阅读

9． Which of the following is the best indicator of the extreme inflation in France?

A．Eighty percent increase in the prices of consumer goods. B．High cost of food. C．High rents for houses.

D．Lack of agricultural products.

正确答案：B 解析：细节题。根据第二段but the extreme inflation affected generalpopulmion most severely through the cost of food…可知食品消费占了工人收入的百分之八十，可见昂贵的食品是通货膨胀的表现，故选B。 知识模块：仔细阅读

10． Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Rents in France were tightly controlled.

B．France was flooding the international market with inferior products. C．French workers were prohibited from going abroad to find jobs.

D．The migration of French workers would hinder the improvement of quality in industrial production.

正确答案：B

解析：细节题。文章第二段第三句提到Rents were tightly controlled，故A符合文意，可排除。尽管导致了通货膨胀，仍然通过其他措施保障工人的生活，并没有大量生产劣质产品，故B与文意不符，为本题答案。文章最后一段首句提到The government was unwilling to let workers leave the country，故C与文意相符。文章最后一段提到，工量的涌出会导致高质量产品的产量下降，而国外来的工人也不会帮助提高产品的质量，故D符合文意。由此可知，B为本题答案。 知识模块：仔细阅读

Over the past decade, the environmental movement has exploded onto the mind of mainstream consumers, a fact not lost on marketers and advertisers. Green advertising started in the mid-1980s when issues of the environment muscled their way to the forefront of marketing. Advertisers saw the consumer desire for environmentally safe products and tried to meet the demand as quickly as possible. Not surprisingly, this first wave suffered from rough and poorly conceived marketing efforts. Many advertisers embraced a genuine concern for the environment. But consumers realized that some companies made false claims and exploited the movement, using such nebulous(模糊的)terms as “environmentally friendly” and “green” Consumers grew wary of environmental appeals, and advertisers reacted by reducing its emphasis. To avoid future trouble, many companies waited for state and federal governments to define terms and provide legal guidelines, which paved the road to a second wave. In 1992 the Federal Trade Commission established guidelines for green marketing, followed shortly by state governments. California passed particularly strict laws, setting definitions for terms like “ozone friendly”, “biodegradable”, and “recycled”. According to the state’s court, “California seeks to guard against potentially specious; claims or ecological puffery(吹捧)about products with minimal environmental attributes.” Texas, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Tennessee, Connecticut, and Washington soon followed the Golden State’ s lead. The rigid regulations have left a number of advertisers confused and frustrated, although some feel that environmental claims have already peaked and are on their way out. Some believe that we’ve now entered green advertising’s third wave, where environmental concern is now part of the mainstream.

11． What were some early problems with Green advertisements? A．They were expensive. B．No one believed them. C．They were unsuccessful. D．They were often deceptive.

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。短文第二段指出consumers realized that some companies madefalse claims and exploited the movement，即很多公司都利用环保运动发布虚假声明。由此可知，早期的绿色广告都具有欺骗性。故选项D正确。 知识模块：仔细阅读

12． What was the response by consumers? A．Consumers were responsible. B．Consumers were hostile.

C．Consumers didn’t care all the time. D．Consumers got tired of it.

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。短文第二段指出Consumers grew wary of environmental appeals,andadvertisers reacted by reducing its emphasis．由此可推断出这种广告商一直过分强调绿色广告，消费者开始厌烦，并对此变得小心谨慎。故选项D正确。 知识模块：仔细阅读

13． How did Green advertisements change after the first wave? A．They became more popular. B．They were more regulated. C．They became better produced. D．They became less honest.

正确答案：B

解析：推断题。根据短文第二段中的many companies waited for state and federalgovernments to define terms and provide legal guidelines，which paved the road to asecond wave．可以看出各公司都在等待州和联邦制定出各项法规来指导绿色营销。因此绿色广告开始变得规范起来。故选项B正确。 知识模块：仔细阅读

14． When did the third green wave come? A．When environmental concern rises.

B．When advertisers are self-regulating themselves. C．When advertisements become very regulated.

D．When the mainstream also becomes concerned about it.

正确答案：D 解析：细节题。短文最后一句指出we’ve now entered green advertising’s third wave,where environmental concern is now part of the mainstream．故可知正确答案为D。 知识模块：仔细阅读

15． Which of the following state takes the lead in guarding against ecological puffery of products with minimal environmental attributes?

A．Massachusetts. B．Texas. C．California. D．Connecticut.

正确答案：C

解析：短文指出According to the state’s court．“California seeks…with minimalenvironmental attributes．”．随后Texas,Massachusetts,Minnesota,Tennessee,Connecticut，and Washington也争相效仿。所以可知California takes the lead in…environmentalattributes．故选项C正确。 知识模块：仔细阅读

Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by

which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the “system” of prices; The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else. If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define “price”, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total “package” being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.

16． The author use the example of American price system to illustrate that_____.

A．the price system of the United States is very complicated B．price is an amount of money

C．buyer and seller should be aware of all the factors comprising the total price D．price consists of both the amount of money and services

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。文章第一段首先说了，价格不仅仅决定了资源如何被使用，还是产品与服务在买主中得到配给的方式。接着用美国的价格体系举例来说明问题，故此题答案为D。 知识模块：仔细阅读

17． What is the passage mainly about?

A．Buyers and sellers should be familiar with the money amount. B．The definition of price.

C．People have no a complete understanding of a price. D．Price system of the United States.

正确答案：B

解析：主旨题。文章主要介绍了什么是价格，价格包括哪些方面，并提出买主和卖主都要认清价格所包含的所有方面，以便更好地估算出价，故该篇文章主

要是说明什么是价格的，故答案为B。 知识模块：仔细阅读

18． According to the passage , the price system is related primarily to_____. A．labor and education

B．transportation and insurance C．products and services D．the buyer and the seller

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。根据文章第一段They are also the means by which productsand services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers．价格主要与产品和服务相关，故答案为C。 知识模块：仔细阅读

19． What is NOT a factor consisting of price? A．The amount of money. B．Service to be exchanged. C．The credit terms. D．Guarantees on safety.

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。根据文章第二段倒数第二句可知A、B、C三项均包括，文章提到guarantees on the product or service而非guarantees on safety，故此题答案为D。 知识模块：仔细阅读

20． In the last sentence of the passage, the word “they” refers to_____. A．package

B．all the factors C．buyer and seller D．money

正确答案：C

解析：细节题。由题干定位到in order that they may evaluate a given price，联系整句话意思可知，只有熟知了产品价格所有的组成部分，买主和卖主才能估算出价，故此题答案为C。 知识模块：仔细阅读

How do you know if your home is an easy aim for thefts? Around the holidays, many families don’t consider taking proper measures to prevent their homes from suffering holiday thefts. With just a few simple steps, you can better make sure of the safety of your home during all of the holiday celebrations. Here are a few tips for making it difficult to tell you are away from home. Either have a trusted neighbor pick up your mail and newspapers, or tell your mailperson to hold your mail until you return. Nothing says “Hey, we are not home!” like when your postbox is filled with all kinds of mails and you have many different newspapers in your driveway. Set several different lights in your house on random timers. Don’t leave

your outdoor lights on all the time. Instead, put your outside lights on timers to be on during the nights. If an outdoor light remains on for days at a time, it means that nobody is home to turn it off. If you have pets that you are not taking with you on vacation, leave them with a friend, rather than having someone come into your house every day to take care of them. When thefts see a neighbor or friend entering your house every day, they will know you are not home. Close all your curtains when you leave town. This is effective to deter possible thefts, as no one can see what is in your house. If they don’t know what is inside, then they are less likely to run the risk of breaking in. This article just has suggested a few tips to help you keep your house safe while you are on holiday. Nothing can truly protect your home unless you have it monitored by a professional home security system.

21． What is the main idea of the passage?

A．To tell us how to prevent the thefts around the holidays. B．To tell us to keep the outdoor lights on all the time.

C．To tell us many families suffer from the thefts while they are on holiday. D．To tell you to have your neighbor go to your house to take care of your pet.

正确答案：A

解析：主旨题。文章最后一段第一句点明文章主旨。This article just has suggesteda few tips to help you keep your house safe while you are on holiday．意为：这篇文章是给人们提几点建议，帮助你在外出度假时保证房子的安全。故选A。 知识模块：仔细阅读

22． If you are on holiday in other places, the lights in your house should .______.

A．be lit in an irregular way B．be kept on all the night

C．be replaced by random timers D．be turned on only once one day

正确答案：A 解析：细节题。根据短文第三段第一句Set several difierent lights in your house onrandom timers．可知选项A为正确答案。 知识模块：仔细阅读

23． To make your home well protected, what does the writer advise you to do? A．Have all the curtains closed. B．Stop your mail service at once.

C．Turn to your close neighbors or friends. D．Equip your home with security system.

正确答案：D

解析：细节题。短文最后一句指出Nothing can truly protect your home unless

youhave it monitored by a professional home security system．即没有什么能完全真正的保护你的房子，除非你安装一个专业的房屋安全系统。由此可知，答案为D。 知识模块：仔细阅读

24． Most of the tips mentioned in the text seem to______. A．be very popular with families

B．have no effect on preventing thefts C．give a false impression on thefts

D．be a little hard to be brought into effect

正确答案：C

解析：推断题。根据文中描述可知，作者提出的大多数建议都是用来蒙蔽小偷的，让小偷认为家里有人。故答案为C。 知识模块：仔细阅读

25． The underlined word “deter” probably means “_____”. A．discover B．discourage C．surprise D．attract

正确答案：B

解析：词汇题。由题干可定位至倒数第二段第二句This is effective to deterpossible thefts，as no one can see what is in your house．联系上下文并分析语义可知．当你不在家的时候拉上所有的窗帘。这个办法会打消小偷的念头，因为没人会看到你房子里的情况。故选B。 知识模块：仔细阅读