初中英语语法-现在完成进行时

现在完成进行时含“进行时”与“完成时”双重意义｡

一､ 结构形式

现在完成进行时由“助动词 have(has) + been + 动词的现在分词”构成｡

二､ 基本用法

1. 表示从过去某时间开始一直延续到说话时还在进行､而且可能还要持续下去的动作｡它通常和“for + 一时间段”或“since + 一时间点”这样的时间状语连用｡例如:

I have been waiting for a letter from my parents. 我一直在等我父母的来信｡

It has been raining for three hours. 雨一直下了三个小时了｡

We have been studying here since 2004. 自从2004年以来,我们就一直在这里学习｡

2. 表示从过去某时间开始,一直延续到说话时刻,可能刚刚结束的动作｡例如:

She has been sweeping the street all day. She is too tired. 她一整天都在扫大街｡她太累了｡

We have been waiting for you for two hours. We don’t want to wait any longer. 我们已经等你两个小时了,不想再等了｡

三､ 常用句式

1. 肯定句:主语 + have(has) been + 现在分词 + 其他｡例如:

I have been sitting here all the afternoon. 我在这儿坐了一下午｡

He has been collecting all kinds of stamps since he was ten years old. 从十岁起他就一直在收集各式各样的邮票｡

2. 否定句:主语 + have(has) not been + 现在分词 + 其他｡例如:

They haven’t been meeting each other for five years. 他们有五年没有见面了｡

He hasn’t been teaching here these years. 这些年他并没有一直在这儿教书｡

3. 一般疑问句: Have/Has + 主语 + been + 现在分词? 其肯定回答是: Yes, 主语 + have(has).否定回答是: No, 主语 + haven’t(hasn’t).例如:

—Have you been preparing for the English test today? 你今天一直在准备英语考试吗?

—Yes, I have./No. I haven’t. 是的｡/不,我没有｡

—Has Daniel been skating for two years? 丹尼尔滑冰已经有两年了吗?

—Yes, he has./No, he hasn’t. 是的｡/不,没有两年｡

4. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句?例如:

What book have you been reading recently? 最近你在看什么书?

How has your uncle been getting on with his work? 你叔叔的工作进展得怎么样?

注意:如果特殊疑问词在句中作主语或修饰主语时,句中的主语和谓语应按自然语序排列｡例如:

Who has been teaching you English since you came to this school? 从你到这所学校来,谁一直在教你们英语?

Ⅰ. 单项选择

1. How long have you been______here?

A. stood B. to stand C. standing D. stands

2. Mr Green has been______a novel since he finished school.

A. wrote B. writing C. written D. writes

3. —Hi, David! Are you tired?

—Yes, I am tired. I______ the classrooms for three hours.

A. am cleaning B. was cleaning

C. have been cleaning D. had cleaned

4. Where have you been? We______ you everywhere.

A. have been looking for B. has looked for

C. had looked for D. has been looking for

5. —It______for nearly a week. Will it last any longer?

—No, it’s reported that we’ll have a fine weekend.

A. have rained B. has been raining

C. rains D. rained

Ⅱ. 句型转换按照括号内的要求改写下列句子｡每空填一词｡

1. He has been watching the interesting play for two hours.(改为否定句)

He_______ _____watching the interesting play for two hours.

2. I have been learning English for two years.(改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)

—______ you______learning English for two years?

—No, I______ .

3. Tom has been collecting stamps for five years.(对划线部分提问)

______ has Tom been______for five years?

4. The boy has been listening to the music videos since he was seven years old.(对划线部分提问)

______ ______has the boy been listening to the music videos?

5. She has been working in the factory for six years.(对划线部分提问)

______ ______she been working for six years?

Key: Ⅰ 1-5 CBCAB

Ⅱ 1. hasn’t， been2. Have, been, haven’t3. What, doing

4. How， long5. Where， has