一、七年级英语下册选词填空专项目练习(含答案解析) 1.用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
on my way from dawn to dusk all night come up clean up (1)The room is so dirty. Let's________the room. (2)The Sun________from the east.
(3)There is a newspaper stand________home. (4)The workers work________to finish that tower. (5)She was so excited that she didn't sleep________. 【答案】 (1)clean up (2)comes up (3)on my way (4)from dawn to dusk (5)all night
【解析】【分析】 on my way在我去某地的路上; from dawn to dusk从黎明到黄昏; all night一整夜; come up上升; clean up打扫
(1)句意:这个房间是如此脏。让咱们打扫一下吧。根据The room is so dirty可知是要打扫房间,let's后面跟动词原形,故填clean up。
(2)句意:太阳从东方升起。根据from the east可知是太阳升起,上升come up;太阳东升西落这是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是the sun第三人称单数,所以谓语动词用单三形式,故填comes up。
(3)句意:在我回家的路上有一个报摊。根据home可知是在我回家的路上,在我去某地的路上on my way,故填on my way。
(4)句意:这些工人们从黎明到黄昏地工作来完成这座塔。此句缺时间状语, from dawn to dusk从黎明到黄昏,在句中做时间状语,故填 from dawn to dusk 。
(5)句意:她如此激动以致于她一整夜没睡。根据sleep可判断是一整夜,故填all night。
【点评】考查选词填空,考查单词在一定语境中运用,根据句意选出合适的单词,确保句意通顺,注意词形在一定语境中的变化。
2.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 rock dolphin push scare step (1)A ________ can play a ball.
(2)We sat on the ________ listening to the sound of waves. (3)I was too ________ to move. (4)They ________ him into the car.
(5)She ________ on my foot and said \"sorry\" to me. 【答案】 (1)dolphin
(2)rock (3)scared (4)pushed (5)stepped
【解析】【分析】 rock,岩石,dolphin,海豚,push,推,scare,惊吓,step,踩 (1)句意:海豚会玩球。根据不定冠词a可知是名词单数, 根据play a ball可知此处填海豚符合玩球的语境,故填dolphin。
(2)句意: 我们坐在岩石上听海浪的声音。根据定冠词the可知此处是名词,根据提示词和sat on可知是坐在岩石上,故填rock。
(3)句意:我吓得都不能动了。too+形容词或副词+to do,是固定搭配,太……而不能做某事,scare的形容词,害怕的,故填scared。
(4)句意: 他们把他推进车里。push sb into,固定搭配,把某人推进,描述过去用一般过去时,push的过去式是pushed,故填pushed。
(5)句意: 她踩到我的脚,然后对我说“对不起” 。step on sb,固定搭配,踩到某人,根据and said可知时态是一般过去时,step的过去式是stepped,故填stepped。 【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用,注意词性,时态的变化,同时熟记固定搭配。
3.选择方框内的短语并用其适当的形式填空
building site, all night, at the same time, walk through, feel unhappy about, knock on, on one's way, clean up (1)You must ________ your room before you go out. It is so dirty. (2)The noise went on ________. I couldn't get any sleep. (3)It was a very strange feeling—l was afraid, but excited ________. (4)The little girl ________ the forest to visit her grandmother yesterday.
(5)Tina came home late yesterday because she met an old friend ________ home and talked with him for a while.
(6)Many builders are working on the ________ to build a house. (7)Jack ________ the door for several times, but nobody answered. (8)I didn't pass the exam again and my mother ________ it. 【答案】(1)clean up (2)all night (3)at the same time (4)walked through (5)on her way (6)building site (7)knocked on (8)felt unhappy about
【解析】【分析】building site建筑工地;all night整晚;at the same time与此同时;walk through步行穿过;feel unhappy about对......感觉不满意;knock on敲;on one's way在路
上;clean up打扫干净
(1)句意:在你出去之前你必须打扫干净你的房间,它是如此脏。根据It is so dirty.它是如此脏。可知房间脏了需要打扫,must后面用动词原形,故填clean up。
(2)句意:这个噪音持续了一晚上,我没有睡着。根据I couldn't get any sleep.我没有睡着。可知噪音持续了整晚,故填all night。
(3)句意:它是一种奇怪的感情。——我是害怕,同时也是兴奋的。根据句意可知害怕和兴奋两种感情同时出现,故填at the same time。
(4)句意:那个小女孩昨天步行穿过森林去看望她的奶奶。yesterday表明时态是一般过去时,根据the forest森林,可知是步行穿过森林,所以walk用过去式walked,故填walked through。
(5)句意:昨天Tina到家晚了,因为她在回家的路上遇到了老朋友,并且和他谈了会。根据句意可知回家晚的原因是路上碰见朋友。on one's way在路上,主语是Tina,所以one's用her,故填 on her way。
(6)句意:许多建筑工人正在建筑工地上建房子。根据句意可知工人在工地上建房子,building site建筑工地,故填building site建筑工地。
(7)句意:Jack敲了许多次门,但是没人应答。knock on the door敲门,answered表明时态是一般过去时,所以knock用过去式knocked,故填knocked on。
(8)句意:我又没有通过考试,我的妈妈不满意。考试没通过,所以妈妈不满意,feel unhappy about对......感觉不满意,didn't表明时态是一般过去时,所以feel用过去式felt,故填felt unhappy about。
【点评】考查选词填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境时态。
4.选择方框内的短语并用其适当的形式填空
the top of, place of interest, such as, be far away from, in the centre of, by the sea, be known as, at least (1)I need ________ four days to finish this picture. It is very complex(复杂的). (2)There are many ________ in Beijing.
(3)Last summer holiday, we went to Sanya and played volleyball ________. (4)He wants to buy some fruit, ________ apples and peaches. (5)He ________ home and wants to stay with his wife and children. (6)I got to ________ the hill and felt very tired. (7)The library lies ________ the city. (8)Langlang ________ a world famous pianist. 【答案】(1)at least (2)places of interest (3)by the sea (4)such as (5)is far away from
(6)the top of (7)in the centre of (8)is known as
【解析】【分析】the top of,在......顶部; place of interest, 名胜;such as,例如; be far away from,离......遥远; in the centre of,在......中心; by the sea,在海边; be known as,因......而闻名 at least至少。
(1)句意:我需要至少四天的时间终于完成这张照片。这是非常复杂的。four days名词,要用形容词短语,根据句意,故填atleast。
(2)句意:北京有许多名胜古迹。根据句意,故选空格前many,其后要接可数名词复数,空格前many ,其后要接可数名词复数 ,place可数名词,要用places,故填places of interest。
(3)句意:去年暑假,我们去了三亚,在海边玩排球。从结构上看,结构完整,缺少地点状语,结合句意,故填by the sea。
(4)句意:他想买一些水果,比如苹果和桃子。从后句可知,是对同类事物的列举,故填such as。
(5)句意:他远离家,想和妻子和孩子住在一起。由后句想和妻子和孩子在一起,表明他离家比较远,be far away from,主语是he,be要用is,故填is far away from。
(6)句意:我到达山顶,感到非常疲倦。空格后名词hills,根据句意,故填the top of。 (7)句意:图书馆位于城市的中心。lie不及物动词,后有名词city,要用介词短语,根据句意,故填in the centre of
(8)句意:郎朗被誉为世界著名钢琴家。由生活常识可知郎朗以弹钢琴而出名,be famous as,主语LangLang,be应该用is,故填is famous as。
【点评】考查短语在语境中的运用,注意在语境中根据词性适当变换词形,同时也要熟记固定短语和固定搭配。
5.从方框中选择适当的单词,并用其适当的形式完成短文,每词只能用一次。 show come minute study cold listen teacher woman strange have Henry is a fifteen-year-old boy. He ________ in a middle school. He often watches TV and likes the trendy(时髦的) hair style. His parents and ________tell him not to do so, but he doesn't ________ to them.
One Sunday afternoon his mother bought a beautiful shirt for him and he loved it very much. The next morning it was ________outside. But he wanted to ________ it to his classmates and put it on. That evening he caught a bad cold. He went to a hospital. The doctor looked him over and told him to be in hospital. A nurse brought him to a________ ward (房). He felt ________ but couldn't ask her why.
About ten ________later the nurse came back with a red face. \"I'm sorry, Henry,\" said the woman. \"I didn't know you were a boy because you________ too long hair.\"
Then she brought him to a men's ward. This time the men began to look at each other. They ________to ask, \"Why has she brought a girl to our ward?\"
【答案】 studies;teachers;listen;cold;show;women's;strange;minutes;had;came
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍Henry,一个5岁的男孩,喜欢时髦的头发。一天生病了,护士和病友都误以为他是女孩,产生了误会。
show,给……看,come,来,minute,分钟,study,学习,cold,寒冷的,listen,听,teacher,老师,woman,女人,strange,奇怪的,have,有
(1)句意:他在中学学习。分析句子可知,缺少谓语动词;study学习,动词;根据前文Henry is a fifteen-year-old boy. 可知时态是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数he,故谓语是单三式,故答案是studies。
(2)句意:他的父母和老师告诉他不要这样做,但是他不听。此空填与parents表并列的主语,teacher老师,可数名词,用复数,故答案是teachers。
(3)句意:他的父母和老师告诉他不要这样做,但是他不听。助动词doesn't后缺少一个动词原形,listen to,听…...,故答案是listen。
(4)句意:第二天早上外面很冷。Be动词was后缺少形容词做表语,根据 outside可知表示天气,cold冷的,形容词,作表语,故答案是cold。
(5)句意:但是他想把衬衫给他同学看,于是他就穿上了。want to do sth想要做某事,此处填一个实义动词,结合句意show sth to sb把某物给某人看,故答案是show。 (6)句意:一个护士带他去了女病房。分析句子可知此处缺少一个定语修饰ward,其前是名词所有格,根据后文I didn't know you were a boy because you_____9_____ too long hair.可知是女病房woman's ward,故答案是woman's。
(7)句意:他感到非常奇怪,但是他没有问为什么。系动词feel后缺少一个形容词作表语,个护士带他去了女病房是很奇怪的事情,strange奇怪的,形容词,故答案是strange。 (8)句意:10分钟后,那个护士红着脸回来。基数词ten后是可数名词复数,故答案是minutes。
(9)句意:我不知道你是个男孩,因为你的头发太长了。分析句子可知此处缺少一个谓语动词,根据 too long hair可知,是留有长发 , have,有,实义动词;主句的时态是一般过去时,从句的时态也为一般过去式,have的过去式是had,故答案是had。 (10)句意:他们过来问:“为什么她带个女孩到我们病房”。分析句子可知此处缺少一个谓语动词,come to do,来做某事,根据前文可知时态是一般过去时,come的过去式是came,故答案是came。
【点评】考查选词填空,注意词性,时态和比较等级的变化,同时熟记固定搭配。
6.选词填空
write exact date real woman (1)—Excuse me. What's the ________ today? —It's 21st November.
(2)We all know that 8th March is ________ Day. (3)—Is Mo Yan his ________ name? —No, it isn't. That's just his pen name.
(4)Jack's uncle is a famous ________ and he is writing a new book. (5)—Was your sister born in the morning?
—Yes, but I can't remember the ________ time. 【答案】 (1)date (2)Women's (3)real (4)writer (5)exact
【解析】【分析】write 写; exact 准确的;date 日期;real 真实;woman 女士。 (1)句意:——打扰了。今天几号?——现在是11月21日。由答语可知此句询问的是今天是几号,询问日期要用what's the date today,故填date。
(2)句意:我们都知道3月8日是妇女节。由8th March可知此句表示的是妇女节,Women's Day,故填Women's。
(3)句意:——莫言是他的真名吗?——不,不是。那只是他的笔名。由pen name提示,可知此句询问的是真名吗,real name,真名,故填real。
(4)句意:杰克的叔叔是一位著名的作家,他正在写一本新书。由文中的语句 he is writing a new book.可推出,他叔叔是作家,根据a,可知用单数形式,故填writer。 (5)句意:——你妹妹是早上出生的吗?——是的,但我记不清确切的时间。exact time,确切时间,故填exact。
【点评】此题考查单词在语境中的运用,需要根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形,同时熟记固定短语与基本句型。
7.从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填空。
animals, good, from, favourite, study, grass, like, day, she, meat Han Dan comes ________ China. She is a clever and beautiful girl. She ________ in a middle school. She has four pen pals. They are from different countries and like different ________. Linda is from America. Her favourite animal is the penguin. The penguin ________ice very much. Lily comes from Australia. The koala is ________ favourite animal. The koala likes to eat leaves. And it sleeps during the ________, but it gets up at night. Bob is from India. His favourite animal is the elephant. ________ is the elephant's favourite food. Tom is a Canadian boy. He likes the tiger ________. The tiger likes to eat ________. What is Han Dan's ________ animal? It is the panda. Bamboo is the panda's favourite food.
【答案】 from;studies;animals;likes;her;day;Grass;best;meat;favourite 【解析】【分析】 animals 动物,good 好的,from 从......,favourite 最喜欢的, study 学习,grass 草,like 喜欢,day 白天,she 她,meat 肉
(1)句意:韩丹来自中国。come from,固定搭配,来自,可知,故填from。
(2)句意:她在一所中学学习。根据 in a middle school,可知是学习,study,根据全文时态可知是一般现在时,主语是she单数第三人称,故谓语是studies,故填studies。 (3)句意:他们是来自不同的国家,喜欢不同的动物,根据下文的 Her favourite animal is the penguin 可知此处指动物,animal,different修饰名词复数,故填animals。
(4)句意:企鹅非常喜欢冰。此处缺少谓语动词,企鹅应该是喜欢冰,like,喜欢,根据全文时态可知是一般现在时,主语penguin是单数第三人称,故谓语是likes,故填likes。
(5)句意:考拉是她最喜欢的动物。根据 Lily comes from Australia 可知此处指代Lily用形容词性物主代词her,故填her。
(6)句意:它在白天睡觉。根据 but it gets up at night,可知上文描述白天,during the day,固定搭配,在白天,故填day。
(7)句意:草是大象最喜爱的食物。根据 elephant's favourite food推理可知,此处是草,grass,是不可数名词,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Grass。
(8)句意:他最喜欢老虎。副词修饰动词likes,此处表示喜欢的程度,like best,最喜欢,故填best。
(9)句意:老虎喜欢吃肉。根据常识可知,老虎是肉食动物,meat,肉,是不可数名词,故填meat。
(10)句意:韩丹最喜欢的动物是什么?根据 He likes the tiger best,可知此处指最喜欢的,favourite,最喜欢的,故填favourite。
【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用,注意词性,时态和比较等级的变化,同时熟记固定搭配。
8.选词填空
leave behind wear they never (1)My mother is a policewoman. She________ the uniform every day. (2)She is a good student. And she is________late for school. (3)Could you help________?
(4)My friend________school an hour ago.
(5)I'm very short but John is very tall in our class, so he sits________me. 【答案】 (1)wears (2)never (3)them (4)left (5)behind
【解析】【分析】 leave,离开,behind,在......的后面,wear,穿着,they,他们,never,从未
(1)句意:我的妈妈是名,她每天穿制服。根据 the uniform 可知是穿着,wear,every day是一般现在时标志,主语是第三人称单数she,故谓语动词单数,故填 wears。 (2)句意:她是好学生,她从不上学迟到。根据 She is a good student ,可知表示频率从不,故填never。
(3)句意:你能帮助他们吗?help是动词其后是宾格做宾语,they的宾格是them,故填them。
(4)句意:我的朋友一个小时前离开了学校。根据 an hour ago 可知是一般过去时,离开,leave的过去式是left ,故填 left。
(5)句意:我很矮,但是约翰在我们班很高,所以他坐在我后面。根据 I'm very short but John is very tall in our class可知高个子在矮个子后面,behind , 故填 behind。
【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用,注意时态和主谓一致。
9.用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。 tooth afraid practice hundred music (1)Don't forget to brush your ________ in the morning. (2)Jenny is ________of all the ugly animals.
(3)It takes me thirty minutes ________ English every day. (4)We want two ________ for our school party. (5)There are about six ________ people in Grade Eight. 【答案】 (1)teeth (2)afraid (3)to practice (4)musicians (5)hundred
【解析】【分析】 tooth牙齿;afraid害怕;practice练习;hundred百;music音乐。 (1)句意:早起,不要忘了刷牙。刷牙,brush teeth,固定搭配,故填teeth。 (2)句意:詹妮害怕难看的动物。害怕,be afraid of,固定搭配,故答案是afraid。 (3)句意:每天练习英语花费我三十分钟。It takes sb. some time to do sth。因此使用动词不定式to practice,故填practice。
(4)句意:我们学校的音乐会需要两名乐师。根据 school party 可知需要的乐师,musician,根据数词two可知,应使用复数形式。故填musicians。
(5)句意:八年级大约有六百人。百,hundred,数字后直接使用单数形式,故填hundred。
【点评】考查单词在语境中的具体运用。注意识记常用的固定搭配。
10.选用所给的单词填空。
interested, excellent, picked, milked, guide
(1)Listen! The ________ is telling the tourists some old stories of the river. (2)She is ________ in English and she can study it very well. (3)— Did you swim in the river? — No, but we ________ some apples. (4)— What did you do on your school trip? — We visited the farm and ________ a cow. (5)— How was your trip? — It was________ . 【答案】(1)guide (2)interested (3)picked (4)milked
(5)excellent 【解析】【分析】
(1)根据后半句 is telling the tourists some old stories of the river.“正在给游客讲述这条河的古老故事”的应该是“导游”,故选 guide。
(2)根据句意“她对英语感兴趣能够学得很好”可知用固定短语 be interested in,意为“对……感兴趣”,故选 interested。
(3)pick apples 是固定短语,意为“摘苹果”,故选 picked。句意是:—你在河里游泳的吗?—是的,但是我们摘了一些苹果。
(4)根据句意“我们参观了农场并给奶奶挤奶”可知选 mil课的,milk a cow 是固定短语,意为“给奶牛挤奶”。
(5)问句 How was your trip?意思是“你的旅行怎么样?”需要用形容词来回答,故选 excellent。意思是“很不错”。
【点评】本题考查选词填空,解答此类题型的方法一般就是根据句子上下文推断出词义,结合所给单词判断出所缺单词,然后根据该单词在句子中的句子成分,所起作用,进行适当词形变化。
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