高中英语阅读理解练习题(有答案)

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解

Camper Lunch Program

We are pleased to offer the Camper Lunch Program for full-day campers or campers participating in both morning and afternoon half-day camps. Lunch at the Overlake School

At the Overlake School in Redmond, you can sign up for lunch at the time of registration. Lunch is provided by the school cafeteria including a hot main dish and a salad bar option. Limited diet restrictions can be accommodated in advance. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4:00 pm on Wednesday. $ 40 for 5-day camp week $ 32 for 4-day camp week Lunch at View Seattle

Two weeks before your camp start date, you will receive a link in your confirmation email to choose your preference between the regular and vegetarian(素的)lunch menus. Besides, camper with allergies or sensitivities are encouraged to bring their own lunch. $ 40 for 5-day camp week $ 38 for 4-day camp week Lunch at St. Thomas School

At St. Thomas School, lunch and snacks are provided by SAGE Dining. Lunch includes a hot main dish, a salad bar and sandwich options. Campers also receive two snacks per day. $ 50 for 5-day camp week $45 for 4-day camp week Lunch at Pacific Science Center

At Pacific Science Center, you can sign up at the time of registration. Lunch is provided by our very own Pacific Science Center Cafe. Every day, standard and vegetarian lunch menus are available and come with a water bottle and two snacks. All orders or cancellations must be made by 4:00 pm on Wednesday. $ 45 for 5-day camp week $ 36 for 4-day camp week

（1）Which program can a camper with a budget of $ 35 choose? A.Lunch at the Overlake School. B.Lunch at View Seattle. C.Lunch at St. Thomas School. D.Lunch at Pacific Science Center.

（2）What are campers for Lunch at View Seattle required to do? A.Stay far away from anything with allergies. B.Choose their lunch preferences in advance. C.Avoid bringing their own lunch for any reason. D.Send emails to offer advice on improving lunch.

（3）What do the last two programs have in common? A.They receive registrations only on Wednesday. B.They encourage campers to bring some snacks. C.They are mainly intended for vegetarian campers. D.They provide campers with two snacks each day. 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，向露营者介绍了一些午餐项目的相关信息。 （1）考查细节理解。对比四个项目的价格可知,预算是35美元的露营者只能选择Lunch at the Overlake School这个项目。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据 Lunch at ViewSeattle 部分中的 “Two weeks before your camp start date, you will receive a link in your confirmation email to choose your preference between the regular and vegetarian(素的) lunchmenus. ”可知，Lunch at View Seattle 这个项目的露营者需要提前选择自己的午餐偏好。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据 Lunch at St. Thomas School部分 中的“Campers also receive two snacks per day. ”和 Lunch at Pacific Science Center部分中的 “Every day，standard and vegetarian lunch menus are available and come with a water bottle and two snacks. ”可知，两个项目的共同之处是它们每天给露营者提供两顿零食。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

The Largest World Fairs of All Time New York World Fair — New York, 1939

The 1939 New York World Fair was the largest exposition (博览会) in US history with visitors over 14 million. The Fair was planned during the Great Depression and was aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign investment. Major inventions to emerge (出现) at the New York World Fair included nylon fabric, a streamlined pencil sharpener, and a futuristic car city imagined by General Moiors. Exposition liniverselle — Paris, 1900

The Exposition Universelle was one of the earliest expositions to feature multiple countries with France inviting various countries to display their technological advancements and cultural heritage. Exposition Universelle was the birthplace of many inventions that we enjoy today including escalators (自动扶梯) and talking films. Expo' 70 — Osaka, Japan

Expo' 70 was the biggest exposition of the 20th century and the second largest in history. Expo 70 had a record attendance of over million visitors, a 40-year record that would not be broken until Expo 2010 in Shanghai. Notable exhibitions included a large piece of moon rock that was brought back from the Apollo 12 mission.

Expo 2010 — Shanghai. China

Expo 2010 goes down as the largest fair in history, having attracted 73 million people. It also had the highest international participation of any exposition in the world with 246 countries participating. The opening ceremony featured the biggest LED screen in the world as well as one of the biggest fireworks displays in history.

（1）Which Expo is the biggest one in history?

A. Expo 70 — Osaka. Japan. B. Exposition Universelle — Paris C. Expo 2010 — Shanghai, China. D. New York World Fair — New York （2）What is the purpose of New York World Fair?

A. To attract more inventions. B. To improve the nation's economy. C. To display the technological development. D. To share achievements with other countries. （3）What did Expo 70 in Japan feature?

A. A piece of rock from space. B. A rocket in the Apollo 12 mission. C. The cultural heritage from countries. D. The biggest LED screen in the world. 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个有史以来最大的世界博览会。 （1）考查细节理解。根据Expo 2010 — Shanghai. China部分中的“Expo 2010 goes down as the largest fair in history”可知，2010年上海世博会是历史上规模最大的一届世博会，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据New York World Fair — New York, 1939部分中的“aimed at relieving the city from economic depression by attracting foreign investment.”可知，纽约世博会的目的是通过吸引外资来缓解国内经济萧条，也就是改善国家经济，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Expo' 70 — Osaka, Japan部分中的“Notable exhibitions included a large piece of moon rock that was brought back from the Apollo 12 mission.”可知，第70届日本世博会的特色是展出了阿波罗12号带回来的一大块月球岩石，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

More than great drinks, great rewards

Enjoy all the benefits and more with your membership to our Loyalty Program! Whenever you pay with your membership account, you'll earn a Star. Collect more Stars, earn more rewards. Three ways to join us Buy a Starbucks Card handy to create an account

Track your Stars online or through the mobile app, and we'll send an email when you've earned a reward.

You can also join from your phone.

Download the Starbucks App.

One of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using our mobile app to: pay for purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes Pick of the Week; see current offers. Or you can join with specially marked coffee purchased at the grocery store. Enter your Starcode (limit: 2 per day)

Look for the Starcode symbol on specially marked Starbucks products where you buy groceries. Three levels with increasingly greater rewards

To reach each level in our Loyalty Program, you need to collect more Stars. (Remember: to earn a Star, you must pay with a registered Starbucks Card.) Welcome level

To earn your first rewards, just register a Starbucks Card.

Birthday drink or treat on us, birthday coupon (优惠券) for 15% off a purchase at StarbucksStore.com. Green level

Collect 5 Stars within 12 months and you'll be in the Green level. What is included in the Welcome level plus

Free in-store refills (续杯) on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea Gold level

Collect 30 Stars within 12 months and you'll be at the Gold level. What is included in the Green level plus

A free food or drink item after another 12 Stars earned Personalized Gold Card

（1）Which of the following is a way you can apply for membership? A. To update the Starbucks App. B. To collect 5 stars within 12 month. C. To send an email to StarbucksStore.com.

D. To enter a Starcode from specially marked Starbucks products. （2）With a Starbucks Card of Green level, you will get ________. A. a free drink item B. free in-store refills C. personalized Gold Card D. all purchases 15% off （3）Which of the following statements is TRUE? A.To earn a Star, you must pay by credit card. B.You can enter your Starcode three times a day. C.With the Starbucks App, you can view current offers. D.For Welcome level, you can refill iced brewed coffee or tea. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是星巴克做的一个广告宣传。主要介绍了银星级会员、绿色会员和金星级会员等供人们选择，并鼓励人们成为会员。

（1）考查细节理解。文章第二个黑色小标题“Three ways to join us”三种方式加入我们，下

列出了可以申请星巴克会员的三种方式，分别是：买张会员卡开个账户；通过手机上的APP申请加入；在便利店买带有星巴克标志的产品，找到星巴克密码标志。所以通过输入在便利店买的带有星巴克标志的产品上的星巴克密码是一种成为星巴克会员的方式。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据Green level部分中的“Free in-store refills (续杯) on hot or iced brewed coffee or tea”可以在店内免费续杯热的、冰的煮好的咖啡或茶，可知，成为星巴克绿色会员，就可以免费续杯。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据“One of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using our mobile app to: pay for purchases; view your Stars and rewards; access iTunes Pick of the Week; see current offers.”可知，通过手机APP申请会员有以下几大好处：手机支付、查看你的星级与奖励、可以听iTunes本周最佳选择、查看订单进度。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

I became a magician by accident. When I was nine years old, I learned how to make a coin disappear. I'd read The Lord of the Rings and risked coming into the adult section of the library to search for a book of spells (魔法) — nine being that curious age at which you're old enough to work through more than 1, 200 pages of mysterious fantasy literature but young enough to still hold out hope that you might find a book of real, actual magic in the library. The book I found instead taught basic sleight-of-hand (戏法) technique, and I devoted the next months to practice. Initially, the magic wasn't any good. At first it wasn't even magic; it was just a trick — a bad trick. I spent hours each day in the bathroom running through the secret moves in front of the mirror. I dropped the coin over and over, a thousand times in a day, and after two weeks of this my mom got a carpet sample from the store and placed it under the mirror to eradicate the sound of the coin falling again and again.

I had heard my dad work through passages of new music on the piano, so I knew how to practice — slowly, deliberately, going for precision rather than speed. And then I tried the illusion (错觉) in the mirror and an unbelievable scene took place. It did not look like a magic trick. It looked like a miracle. I knew that I had got what I wanted.

One day I made the performance on the playground. We had been playing football and were standing by the backstop in the field behind the school. A dozen people were watching. I showed the coin to everyone. Then it disappeared. The kids screamed. They yelled, laughed, scrambled away. Everyone went crazy. This was brilliant.

（1）What did the author enter the adult section of the library to do? A. To kill his time.

B. To find a book of magic. C To read The Lord of the Rings. D. To learn knowledge of literature. （2）What does the underlined word \"eradicate\" in Paragraph 2 mean?

A. Get rid of. B. Give out. C. Imitate. D. Distinguish. （3）What contributed to the author's success?

A. His mother's help. B. The secret of quick moves. C. The inspiration from his father. D. His repeated hard practice.

（4）How would the author feel about the result of his performance on the playground? A. It's fantastic. B. It's funny. C. It's awkward. D. It's disappointing. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者变成魔术师是偶然的，并且具体讲述了自己九岁时学习如何让硬币消失的经历。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I'd read The Lord of the Rings and risked coming into the adult section of the library to search for a book of spells ”我读过《魔戒》，并且冒险进入图书馆的成人区寻找魔法书，可知，作者进入图书馆的成人区是为了寻找魔法书。原文中使用了不定式表达目的。故选B。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段讲述作者一开始练习让硬币消失时的练习经历，他每天要在镜子前练1000遍左右，那么硬币也就会掉在地上1000次左右。所以划线单词所在句子句意应为：两周后，妈妈从店里买了一块地毯，把它放在镜子下面，以掩盖硬币一次又一次落下的声音。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I had heard my dad work through passages of new music on the piano, so I knew how to practice — slowly, deliberately, going for precision rather than speed. And then I tried the illusion (错觉) in the mirror and an unbelievable scene took place. It did not look like a magic trick. It looked like a miracle.”可知，作者是在父亲练习钢琴的经历的启发下，领悟到了练习的真谛，最终取得了成功。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“They yelled, laughed, scrambled away. Everyone went crazy. This was brilliant.”，可知作者在操场上表演完硬币消失之后，其他同学欢呼、大小并且都不知道是如何做到的，每个人都很疯狂。作者认为这个经历是非常棒的。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一盘故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

When you live in total messiness—cookies in your pants draws, and some old New Yorkers or apple seeds in your bed—it's hard to know where to look for when you lose your keys. The other day, after two weeks of searching, I found my keys in the refrigerator. I can't say I was surprised. But I was surprised when I was diagnosed with ADHD(多动症), when I was a junior at Yale. According to a new study, 11% of school-age children have received an ADHD diagnosis, a 16% increase since 2007. And rising diagnoses mean rising treatments—drugs like Adderall are more accessible than ever. However, the consequences of misuse and abuse of these drugs are dangerous.

Yet also harmful are the consequences of ADHD undiagnosed, an all-too-common story for women like me, who have symptoms, like disorganization and forgetfulness, which look different from those typically expressed in males.

Dr. Ellen, author of Understanding Girls with ADHD, has found around 4 million females with ADHD are not diagnosed. \"The main reason is that the diagnostic criteria were developed based on those hyperactive（过度活跃）young boys taken to clinics, making it difficult for girls to be diagnosed unless they behave like hyperactive boys.\" Ellen says.

Besides, the idea that young women actually have ADHD often causes skepticism. As a top student, I didn't believe my diagnosis at first. My friends were also confused, and rather certain my doctor was misguided.

\"Often, if girls are smart or in supportive homes, symptoms are masked,\" Dr.Ellen says. \"Girls will hide their inability to meet social expectations. They see their trouble organizing, and concentrating as character flaws(缺陷).\"

These years, I am both embarrassed and exhausted by my struggles to keep track of objects, but drug has helped it and made it more bearable. （1）The writer presents the first paragraph to .

A. air her view with an example B. bring up the topic of the passage C. show young people's messiness D. prove Yale also has ADHD students （2）Many female with ADHD are not diagnosed mainly because . A.the diagnostic criteria are made according to male ADHD B.they are smart enough to mask their ADHD symptoms C.they don't view their trouble as symptoms of ADHD D.women ADHD are more hyperactive than young boys

（3）What does the word \"skepticism\" in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A.panic. B.stubbornness. C.debate. D.doubt.

（4）What does the passage mainly talk about? A.Why female ADHD patients develop the disease. B.Why many female ADHD patients are undiagnosed. C.How young ADHD patients are cured of the disease. D.How much help ADHD patients can get from medication. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）D （4）B

【解析】【分析】文章借由作者的亲身经历讲述女性多动症不容易被诊断出来的原因。 （1）推理判断题。根据文章第一段的结构和But I was surprised when I was diagnosed with ADHD（多动症）,when I was a junior at Yale.以及下文关于多动症的内容可知，作者讲述第一段的目的是为了引出下文关于多动症的话题，故选B项。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第四段的The main reason is that the diagnostic criteria were developed based on those hyperactive（过度活跃）young boys taken to clinics, making it difficult for girls to be diagnosed unless they behave like hyperactive boys.可知诊断多动症的标准是基于过度活跃的年轻男孩来制定的，所以很难诊断出女孩，除非她们的行为像过度活跃的男孩，故选A项。

（3）词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的As a top student, I didn't believe my diagnosis at first.My friends were also confused, and rather certain my doctor was misguided.可知作者一开始不相信多动症的诊断结果，她的朋友也很困惑，认为是医生诊断错误，即她们都怀疑医生的诊断，故推测画线部分的意思是\"怀疑\"，故选D项。

（4）主旨大意题。文章第三段主要讲述女性多动症的症状和男性不同；第四段主要讲述女孩很难被诊断出多动症，因为诊断标准是按男性制定的；第五段主要讲述女性自己会怀疑诊断结果；第六段主要讲述女性会把多动症症状隐藏起来。综上所述，本文主要讲述女性不容易被诊断出多动症的原因，故选B项。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题要结合划线词所在语境，推测词义；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想

6．阅读理解

Microsoft announced this week that its facial-recognition system is now more accurate in identifying people of color, touting (吹嘘)its progress at tackling one of the technology's biggest biases (偏见).

But critics, citing Microsoft's work with Immigration and Customs Enforcement, quickly seized on how that improved technology might be used. The agency contracts with Microsoft for cloud-computing tools that the tech giant says is largely limited to office work but can also include face recognition.

Columbia University professor Alondra Nelson tweeted, \"We must stop confusing 'inclusion' in more 'diverse' surveillance (监管)systems with justice and equality.\"

Facial-recognition systems more often misidentify people of color because of a long-running data problem: The massive sets of facial images they train on skew heavily toward white men. A Massachusetts Institute of Technology study this year of the face-recognition systems designed by Microsoft, IBM and the China-based Face++ found that facial-recognition systems consistently giving the wrong gender for famous women of color including Oprah Winfrey, Serena Williams, Michelle Obama and Shirley Chisholm, the first black female member of Congress.

The companies have responded in recent months by pouring many more photos into the mix, hoping to train the systems to better tell the differences among more than just white faces. IBM said Wednesday it used 1 million facial images, taken from the photo-sharing site Flickr, to build the \"world's largest facial data-set\" which it will release publicly for other companies to use. IBM and Microsoft say that allowed its systems to recognize gender and skin tone with much more precision. Microsoft said its improved system reduced the error rates for darker-skinned

men and women by \"up to 20 times,\" and reduced error rates for all women by nine times. Those improvements were heralded(宣布)by some for taking aim at the prejudices in a rapidly spreading technology, including potentially reducing the kinds of false positives that could lead police officers misidentify a criminal suspect.

But others suggested that the technology's increasing accuracy could also make it more marketable. The system should be accurate, \"but that's just the beginning, not the end, of their ethical obligation,\" said David Robinson, managing director of the think tank Upturn.

At the center of that debate is Microsoft, whose multimillion-dollar contracts with ICE came under fire amid the agency's separation of migrant parents and children at the Mexican border. In an open letter to Microsoft chief executive Satya Nadella urging the company to cancel that contract, Microsoft workers pointed to a company blog post in January that said Azure Government would help ICE \"accelerate recognition and identification.\" \"We believe that Microsoft must take an ethical stand, and put children and families above profits,\" the letter said. A Microsoft spokesman, pointing to a statement last week from Nadella, said the company's \"current cloud engagement\" with ICE supports relatively anodyne(温和的)office work such as \"mail, calendar, massaging and document management workloads.\" The company said in a statement that its facial-recognition improvements are \"part of our going work to address the industry-wide and societal issues on bias.\"

Criticism of face recognition will probably expand as the technology finds its way into more arenas, including airports, stores and schools. The Orlando police department said this week that it would not renew its use of Amazon. com's Rekognition system.

Companies \"have to acknowledge their moral involvement in the downstream use of their technology,\"

Robinson said. \"The impulse is that they're going to put a product out there and wash their hands of the consequences. That's unacceptable.\"

（1）What is \"one of the technology's biggest biases\" in Paragraph 1? A. Class bias. B. Regional difference. C. Professional prejudice. D. Racial discrimination.

（2）What can we know about the improvement of facial-recognition technology? A. Justice and equality have been truly achieved. B. It is due to the expansion of the photo database. C. It has already solved all the social issues on biases.

D. The separation of immigrant parents from their children can be avoided. （3）What is the focus of the face-recognition debate?

A. Data problems. B. The market value. C. The application field. D. A moral issue. （4）What is David Robinson's attitude towards facial-recognition technology? A. Skeptical. B. Approval. C. Optimistic. D. Neutral. （5）We can infer from the last paragraph that Robinson thinks _____. A. companies had better hide from responsibilities B. companies deny problems with its technical process C. companies should not launch new products on impulse

D. companies should be responsible for the new product and the consequences （6）Which can be the suitable title for the passage?

A. The wide use of Microsoft system B. Fears of facial-recognition technology C. The improvement of Microsoft system D. Failure of recognizing black women 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）D （4）A （5）D （6）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，微软面部识别技术改进了肤色识别，宣布其人脸识别技术将会更加精确，但是人们却认为它会带来更大的问题，希望微软把道德置于其利润之上，并且能够为产品以及其带来的后果负责。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段”Microsoft announced this week that its facial-recognition system is now more accurate in identifying people of color, touting (吹嘘）its progress at tackling one of the technology's biggest biases (偏见).“可知微软面部识别技术改进了肤色识别，吹嘘它可以解决该技术最大的偏见，由此可以推断该项技术在人种肤色上有偏见，也就是种族歧视。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的”The companies have responded in recent months by pouring many more photos into the mix, hoping to train the systems to better tell the differences among more than just white faces.“可知那些公司通过在原有照片中加入更多的照片，通过训练系统，从而提升系统的识别能力，即通过扩充照片数据库来提升系统的识别能力。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第九段中的”At the center of that debate is Microsoft, whose multimillion-dollar contracts with ICE came under fire amid the agency's separation of migrant parents and children at the Mexican border.“；和第十段中的”We believe that Microsoft must take an ethical stand, and put children and families above profits“可知对微软人脸识别技术的争论中心是，它会把墨西哥边缘的移民父母和孩子分开，且人们认为微软必须坚守道德底线，将儿童和家庭置于其利润之上，故推断目前对于脸部识别技术争论的焦点是道德问题。故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 \"The impulse is that they're going to put a product out there and wash their hands of the consequences. That's unacceptable.\"可知Robinson认为他们推出了一种产品然后对其后果撒手不管，这是让人难以接受的。故推断Robinson对人脸识别技术是不支持的。故选A。

（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 \"The impulse is that they're going to put a product out there and wash their hands of the consequences. That's unacceptable.\"可知Robinson认为他们推出了一种产品然后对其后果撒手不管，这是让人难以接受的。故推断Robinson认为公司应该对自己的产品和产品带来的后果负责到底。故选D。

（6）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了人们怀疑改进之后的人脸识别技术会带

来更多的问题，比如种族歧视和置墨西哥孩子的利益于不顾。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

British Museum Visitor Regulations Opening hours

We open the Museum's galleries daily from 10：00 am until 17：30 pm. We keep selected galleries open until 20：30 pm on Fridays.

The Museum's Great Court is open from 9:00 am until 18:00 pm; except on Fridays when it remains open until 20:30 pm.

You may be asked by your staff to begin leaving up to ten minutes before closing time. The Museum is closed 24-26 December and 1 January. Admission

We warmly welcome you on your visit to the Museum. In the interests of the security of all of our visitors we require you follow these regulations.

Admission to the Museum is free, but we may charge for entry to some temporary exhibitions and events. Food and drink

You aren't allowed to consume food and drink inside the Museum, except in places such as the restaurant and cafes or the forecourt. Families with children may use the Ford Centre for young visitors in the basement of the Museum's Great Court at weekends and during school holidays. Animals

If you have a disability, you may be accompanied in the Museum by your guide, assistant or companion animal. You aren't allowed to bring animals into the Museum under any other circumstance.

Film, photography and audio recording

Except the place that are indicated by notices, you're permitted to use hand-held cameras (including mobile phones) with flash bulbs or flash units, and audio and film recording equipment not requiring a stand. You may use your photographs, film and audio recordings only for your own private and non-commercial purposes. （1）When can visitors visit the Museum?

A. At 18:30 pm on weekends. B. At 14:00 am on Christmas Day. C. At 19:00 pm on Fridays. D. At 11:00 am on New Year's Day. （2）Who are the regulations mainly intended for?

A. The visitors. B. The staff. C. The parents. D. The children. （3）What can visitors do in the Museum?

A. Eat and drink as they like. B. Take along their pet dogs. C. Record films for sale. D. Take photos for personal purpose. 【答案】 （1）C

（2）A （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了大英博物馆的游客守则。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Opening hours部分中的“The Museum's Great Court is open from 9:00 am until 18:00 pm; except on Fridays when it remains open until 20:30 pm.”及“The Museum is closed 24-26 December and 1 January.”可知，大英博物馆从上午9点开放到下午18点，周五开放到晚上20:30，12月24日至26日圣诞节期间和1月1日新年是闭馆的，由此可知，你可以在星期五晚上19:00去参观，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。纵观全文，以及标题“British Museum Visitor Regulations”可知，本文介绍的是大英博物馆的游客守则，自然是针对游客的，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据Film, photography and audio recording部分中的“You may use your photographs, film and audio recordings only for your own private and non-commercial purposes.”可知，大英博物馆里允许游客出于个人目的或非商业目的拍照，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

The Art Institute of Chicago

Visiting time

The museum is open daily 10:30 am-5:00 pm. The museum and its shops are closed on Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and New Year's Day. Highlights of the Art Institute American Art

Discover how artists have expressed the many aspects of the American experience through the rich variety of this collection. This tour might include the works of artists like Paul Revere, Winslow Homer, and Georgia O'Keeffe. Impressionism: Monet, Degas, Renoir and More

Learn about the color and excitement of late 19th-century life as you view one of the most admired collections of French Impressionism in the world. Hidden Histories

Hear stories about artists and their artworks that may be overlooked or under-appreciated for one reason or another These could be very small or out-of-the-way works. For families with children

With free admission for kids under 14 and Chicago teens under 18, the Art Institute is the perfect place for a creative outing with the whole family.

Visit the Family Room in the Ryan Education Center, and introduce your children to the museum's collections with a variety of activities. Assemble (组装)puzzles based on masterpieces in the museum, build architectural wonders with colorful blocks, and learn about art through stories and games. Food is available at an on-site cafe. (Outside food is not allowed to be brought in.)

（1）What can visitors learn from Hidden Histories?

A. The early stories of some famous artists. B. The artworks of some potential artists. C. Some stories about less-known artists. D. Some artworks by famous creators. （2）What can children do in the Family Room?

A. Practice storytelling skills. B. Decorate some masterpieces. C. Enjoy their home-made food. D. Take part in various activities. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了芝加哥美术馆的参观时间、美术馆的亮点、隐藏的历史，同时还有针对有孩子的家庭的活动。

（1）考查细节理解。根据Hidden Histories部分中的“Hear stories about artists and their artworks that may be overlooked or under-appreciated for one reason or another.”，参观者可以了解到一些被忽视的、被低估的鲜为人所知的艺术家的故事和作品。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据 For families with children部分中的”…… introduce your children to the museum's collections with a variety of activities …“可知，在这里孩子们能参加各种各样的活动。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

9．假定你是李华,收到英国笔友George的邮件,请你介绍中国家庭聚会的情况(饮食、时间、活动等)。请给他写一封邮件。 注意:⒈词数100左右；

⒉可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 Dear George,

Yours, Li Hua

【答案】 Dear George,

Knowing that you're interested in what our Chinese family gatherings are like, I'm glad to introduce some of my experience with you.

We Chinese like to get together with our family very much, especially on important days such as festivals and birthdays. Most of the time, we bring gifts to the elders and the kids. Eating is one of the most necessary part of the gathering, which is usually prepared by family members together. Not only is the various food delicious but the time we spend making and enjoying it together is enjoyable. Adults chatting and children playing around, this is the typical scene of a happy family gathering.

Hope one day you can come and experience by yourself!

Yours, Li Hua

【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友George写一封

邮件，介绍中国家庭聚会的情况(饮食、时间、活动等)。考生要认真阅读提示，列出提纲和要点，并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来。写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用，主次分明，同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Knowing that you're interested in what our Chinese family gatherings are like, I'm glad to introduce some of my experience with you.运用了现在分词作原因状语和宾语从句； Eating is one of the most necessary part of the gathering, which is usually prepared by family members together. 运用了非性定语从句；Not only is the various food delicious but the time we spend making and enjoying it together is enjoyable. 运用了倒装句，并列句和性定语从句；Hope one day you can come and experience by yourself!运用了祈使句和并列句。

10．阅读理解

Gene technology to benefit people

Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.

The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.

Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial(皇室) family being a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for these families. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.

Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep; therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology. （1）What does \"these two killers\" in the second paragraph refer to? A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases. B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.

C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease. D. Hereditary diseases and cancer.

（2）What's the main idea of the third paragraph?

A. How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases. B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies. C. Gene technology can help people to give birth of a baby. D. Gene technology can help the English imperial family out.

（3）In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases? A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days. B. Using gene technology, scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it. C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.

D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology. （4）What is the main purpose of writing this passage? A. Expressing the writer's idea that gene technology will benefit people B. Telling people the advantages of gene technology

C. Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit people D. Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了基因技术，详细讲述了基因技术的好处。 （1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease.”基因技术所能做的最伟大的事情就是治愈严重的疾病，而这些疾病是目前医生们几乎为力的，比如癌症和心脏病，及划线词所在句“Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers.”每年都有数百万人被这两名杀手杀害，可知，每年造成数百万人死亡的元凶就是癌症和心脏病。由此可知，these two killers 指的是上文做的cancer and heart disease.故选C。

（2）考查主旨大意。根据第三段中的“In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it and a healthy child will be born.”在过去，医生对遗传病为力。但是基因技术可以完美地解决这个问题。科学家只需要找到错误的基因并加以纠正，一个健康的孩子就会诞生。可知，第三段主要介绍了基因技术可以被应用于治愈家族病。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born”科学家只需要找到错误的基因和纠正它,和一个健康的孩子将出生，可知，利用基因技术，科学家发现错误的基因并加以纠正，这样就可以治愈家族病了。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据标题“Gene technology to benefit people”基因技术造福人类；及

最后一段中的“But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the governments must take care to control gene technology.”但我相信克隆婴儿不会大量出现，因为世界上大多数夫妇可以用非常正常的方式生育。当然，必须小心控制基因技术，可知，文章主要表达作者了认为基因技术将造福人类的观点。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

\"What kind of rubbish are you?\" This question might normally cause anger, but in Shanghai it was brought about weary complaints over the past few months. On July 1st, the city introduced strict rubbish-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish.

Violators could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29). For repeat violators, the city can add black marks to their credit records, making it harder for them to obtain hank loans or even buy train tickets.

Shanghai authorities are responding to obvious environmental problem. It produces 9 million tons of garbage a year. But like other cities in china, it lacks a recycling system. Instead, it has relied on rubbish pickers to pick out whatever can be reused. This has limits. As people get wealthier, fewer of them want to do such dirty work. The waste, meanwhile, just keeps piling up. China produces 80 billion pairs of one-off chopsticks a year.

Many citizens appear to support the idea of recycling in general but are frustrated by the details. Rubbish must be divided according to whether it is food, recyclable, dry or hazardous(有害的), the distinctions among which can be confusing, though there are apps to help work it out. Some have complained about the rules surrounding food waste. They must put it straight in the required public bin, forcing them to tear open plastic bags and toss(投掷）it by hand, Most annoying are the short periods for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening. Along with the monitors at the bins, this means that people go at around the same time and can keep an eye on what is being thrown out; no one wants to look bad. （1）What's the purpose of Paragraph 1? A. To complain about rubbish dividing. B. To explain the four categories of the waste. C. To introduce the rules on waste sorting. D. To show the goal of rubbish, sorting regulations.

（2）What does the underlined word \"Violators\" in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. People who don't pay for train tickets. B. People who argue with the monitors. C. People who obtain bank loans. D. People who are against the regulations. （3）What makes the citizens upset most about the rules?

A. Complex distinction among the four categories of rubbish. B. Short scheduled time for tossing rubbish.

C. Being observed by monitors when throwing the garbage. D. Being fined when blamed due to improper behavior. （4）What can be the best title for the text?

A. A Restart of Waste-sorting B. A New Age of Garbage Classification C. Learning to Classify Rubbish D. Rubbish-sorting Benefits the World 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）B （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。文章说明了垃圾分类规定的部分内容以及违反者将面临的处罚，这项出台的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民们对此的看法和态度。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Citizens must divide their waste into four separate categories and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure that rules are obeyed and to examine the nature of one's rubbish.”市民必须将垃圾分为四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保规则得到遵守，并检查垃圾的性质。可知主要是在说明垃圾分类的相关规定，故第一段的目的是介绍垃圾分类的规则。故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“They could be hit with fines of up to 200 yuan ($29).”他们将面临最高200元(29美元)的罚款。可推测他们此处指违反垃圾分类规定的人们，故划线单词意思为“违反规定的人”，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Most upset are the short windows for throwing trash, typically a couple of hours, morning and evening.”最让人心烦的是扔垃圾的短暂开放期，通常是早上和晚上的几个小时，可知，扔垃圾的时间很短让居民对这些规定最不满。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“On July 1st, the city introduced strict trash-sorting regulations that are expected to be used as a model for our country. Residents must divide their waste into four separate kinds and put it into specific public bins. They must do so at scheduled times, when monitors are present to ensure compliance and to inquire into the nature of one's rubbish.”7月1日，该市出台了严格的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。居民必须将他们的垃圾分成四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保遵守和调查一个人的垃圾的性质）以及文章主要内容围绕着上海垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始而展开，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

A famous Anglican Church stands in a quiet corner of Dunedin in New Zealand's South Island. Built in 1865, it is the city's oldest church still in use. Countless couples have gathered here to marry. It's where morning tears are shared, friendships formed and comfort given during times of loss.

As with many churches, its walls are graced with a collection of beautiful stained-glass windows. Known as the \"John Allen window\who died in 1915 in the Gallipoli campaign in Turkey.

John was the son of Sir James Allen, who as Minister of Defense, helped plan and administer New Zealand's World War I strategy, which saw 100,000 troops sent to fight. With the war over and his son dead, Sir James chose to install a window in the church, with which the Allen family had strong ties.

Divided into two parts, one depicts (描绘) St. George, the patron saint (守护神) of soldiers, while the other has an angel of peace, along with the words at the bottom, \"John Hugh All Gallipoli, 6th June, 1915\". Two trees with local birds on the branches can be seen and a kiwi walks at the bottom- reminders that John was a lover of birds.

\"There are many war memorials in the church,\" says the church. \"However the 'John Allen window' stands out; it touches people because of the beautiful design, the New Zealand birds and because John's story, of a life so full of promise ending tragically in the war, reflects the lives and stories of so many others involved in World War I.\"

（1）What does the word \"portrays\" in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Starts. B. Changes. C. Treasures. D. Represents. （2）Sir James Allen built the \"John Allen window\" to ______________. A.celebrate the end of World War I B.honor the troops in the Gallipoli campaign C.remember his son's sacrifice to the country D.show the family's close ties with the church

（3）What might be the main theme of the pictures on the window? A.Freedom and equality. B.Peace and war. C.Human and nature. D.Marriage and family.

（4）What might be the best title for the text? A.A Brave Soldier B.Window on a Life C.Cruelty of the War D.A Grand Church 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一所教堂中一个被称为\"约翰·艾伦之窗\"的窗

户，上面描绘了一位当地人约翰·艾伦的短暂生命。这是约翰的父亲为了纪念他的儿子为国家做出的牺牲而绘制的，主题体现了战争与和平。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“the short life of a local man, John Allen, who died in 1915 in the Gallipoli campaign in Turkey.可知被称为“John Allen window”的一扇窗户描绘了当地男子John Allen短暂的一生，他于1915年在土耳其的加里波利战役中牺牲。可知portrays意思为“描绘”，故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“With the war over and his son dead, Sir James chose to install a window in the church, with which the Allen family had strong ties.”随着战争的结束和他儿子的去世，Sir James选择在教堂里安装了一扇窗户，艾伦家族与这扇窗户有着密切的联系。可知Sir James Allen建造了“John Allen window”，以纪念他的儿子为国家做出的牺牲。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Divided into two parts, one depicts St. George, the patron saint of soldiers，while the other has an angel of peace, along with the words at the bottom,“ John Hugh All Gallipoli,6th June,1915”.”绘画分为两部分，一部分描绘了士兵的守护神圣乔治，另一部分描绘了和平天使，最下面写着“John Hugh All Gallipoli，1915年6月6日”。可推知窗里的画的主题应当为战争与和平。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段“As with many churches, its walls are graced with a collection of beautiful stained-glass windows. Known as the “John Allen window”, one window portrays the short life of a local man, John Allen, who died in 1915 in the Gallipoli campaign in Turkey.”与许多教堂一样，它的墙壁上装饰着一系列美丽的彩色玻璃窗。一个窗子被称为\"约翰·艾伦之窗\"，上面描绘了一位当地人约翰·艾伦的短暂生命，他于1915年在土耳其的加利波利战役中去世。）以及文章主要内容为描述这个玻璃窗画背后的故事，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

We have many trips for you to explore the world your way. Our travel ideas are as diverse as the world itself and are designed to let you experience it. Please start with the following four trips.

Athens and Crete Explorer

Visit Greek's famous capital, Athens, and its largest island, Crete, on this Greece vacation. In Athens, tour the iconic Acropolis and head to nearby Delphi to see the home of the ancient Oracle, before flying to the island of Crete where you can explore its capital, Heraklion, and enjoy its world-famous diet of seafood and cheese. Duration: 8 Days Prices From: US$ 2 Trip Type: Romance & Honeymoon, Tailor-made Travel Ideas London for Families Designed to thrill people of all ages, this family London vacation explores the sights, history and magic of this great city. Visit the world of Harry Potter, the original Madame Tussaud's Wax Museum, and take the Original London Sightseeing Tour. Duration: 9 Days Prices From: US$ 634 Trip Type: Family Vacations, Stopovers/City Breaks, Tailor-made Travel Ideas Australia & New Zealand Explore the two most popular cities of Australia and New Zealand on this air-land tour. Start in Sydney, where you'll tour the Sydney Opera House, sail across the famous harbour, and see koalas and kangaroos at Taronga Zoo. Then head on to Auckland where you'll explore the twin harbours, learn about Maori traditions, and enjoy unbeatable views of the landscape. Duration: 11 Days Prices From: US$ 1,999 Trip Type: Vacation Packages with Airfare Classic Egypt This tour is a true classic designed to give the traveler with limited time a superb introduction to the civilization of Ancient Egypt, focusing on the Nile and its importance to the people. The ancient land of Egypt inspires the imagination like no other. Unlock the land of the Pharaohs on this 9 day journey along the Nile. Duration: 9 Days Prices From: US$ 1,495 Trip Type: Classics (Bestsellers), Tailor-made Travel Ideas （1）Which trip is more likely taken by a newly-married couple? A. London for Families. B. Australia & New Zealand. C. Classic Egypt. D. Athens and Crete Explorer. （2）If you are on the trip to London for Families, you will see ________. A.the ancient Oracle B.the world of Harry Potter C.koalas and kangaroos D.the ancient land of Egypt

（3）From the text, it can be learnt that all the four trips ________. A.have the same trip type B.take more than one week C.take more than US$ 1000 D.enjoy their famous diet

（4）Where is the text probably taken from? A.A travel brochure. B.A science fiction. C.A storybook. D.A textbook. 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）B （4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个旅程。

（1）考查推理判断。根据Athens and Crete Explorer部分中的”Trip Type: Romance & Honeymoon, Tailor-made Travel Ideas“旅行类型：浪漫蜜月，量身定做的旅行创意，可推知，新婚夫妇极可能会选择Athens and Crete Explorer”雅典和克里特岛探险家“。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据London for Families部分中的”Visit the world of Harry Potter“参观哈利波特的世界，可知，如果参加伦敦的家庭之旅，你会看到哈利波特的世界。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解题。根据四个旅程中Duration（持续时间）的介绍信息“Duration: 8 Days ，Duration: 9Days，Duration: 11Days”可知，这四个旅程都超过了一周。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的”We have many trips for you to explore the world your way. Our travel ideas are as diverse as the world itself and are designed to let you experience it. Please start with the following four trips.“我们有很多旅行供您以您的方式探索世界。我们的旅游理念和世界本身一样多样化，旨在让您体验它。请从以下四次旅行开始。可推知，这篇文章可能来自于旅游手册。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

14．（2019•北京）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.

At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.

Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.

Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. \"Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing.\" she said, \"but the type of phytoplankton is changing.\"

（1）What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?

A. The various patterns at the ocean surface. B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour. C. The way light reflects off marine organisms. D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.

（2）What does the underlined word \"vulnerable\" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Sensitive B. Beneficial C. Significant D. Unnoticeable （3）What can we learn from the passage?

A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem. B. Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener. （4）What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。这一现象是因为一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。但是浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并影响浮游植物的生长。

（1）段落大意题。第一段“By the end of the century. If not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.”可知，到本世纪末，一项新的研究表明，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。再根据第二段中的“At the heart phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms called phytoplankton. Becaust of the way light reflects off the organisms ,these phytoplanktons create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration”可知，这种现象的核心是一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于海洋的类型和浮游植物浓度。由此可推断出这两段主要叙述了海洋生物是海洋颜色变化的原因。故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunshine and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.”可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。由此可判断“But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's wamning trend”可知，浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The model projects that currently blue areas with

little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters ,such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener”,可知Dutkiewicz的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿了”。由此可推断，浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，浮游动植物就更多了，这些水域会变得更绿了。故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。第一段提出文章的主旨“By the end of the century. If not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.”可知到本世纪末。一项新的研究表明，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。再结合第三段“But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warning trendWarming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, …”可知，“浮游植物很容易受到海洋警告趋势的影响，变暖改变了海洋的关键特征，并能影响浮游植物的生长”。可知本文主要解释气候变化对海洋及其植物的影响。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

15．阅读理解

My father loves his garden. He planted some seeds in it. But at that time I didn't understand why working in the dirt excited him so much.

Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while. My mother had several business trips so she couldn't take care of the garden. I didn't want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he recovered. I assumed that the little plants would continue to grow as long as they had water, and luckily it rained fairly often so I didn't think much about the garden.

One Saturday morning, my father said to me, \"Christine, the vegetables should be about ready to be picked. Let's have a salad today!\" I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs. There were hundreds of bugs all over them!

I panicked for a moment, but then I quietly went to the nearest store to buy some vegetables. When I gave the salad to him, he said, \"Oh, Christine, what a beautiful salad! I can't believe the carrots are this big already. You must be taking very good care of my garden.\" I felt a little bit guilty.

Coming home, my mother saw the bag from the supermarket in the kitchen. I was embarrassed and I admitted, \"Dad wanted a salad, but the garden was a disaster. I didn't want to disappoint him so I went to the store.\" She laughed but promised to help me in the garden and weeks later I was finally able to pick some.

I carefully made a salad and took it to my father. He looked at it with a hint of a smile. \"Christine the carrots are smaller in this salad, but they taste better.\"

Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they maybe. Perhaps this was one of the reasons for

my father's love of gardening.

（1）Christine originally said she would do the gardening because she ________. A.knew it was important to her father B.wanted to improve her gardening skills C.was asked by her father to do it D.was interested in growing vegetables

（2）Which of the following was a problem in the garden? A.Animals often dug in the garden. B.Insects destroyed the lettuce and carrots. C.The plants were given too much water. D.The vegetables were marked incorrectly.

（3）Christine could secretly make the salad from store-bought vegetables because ________. A.her father couldn't see the garden's progress B.her father was in hospital at that time C.her mother helped her to buy the vegetables D.her mother helped her to make a spray

（4）What did Christine learn through her experience of gardening? A.Always prepare for a rainy day. B.Don't be disappointed by bugs. C.Hard work can be rewarding. D.Working alone produces results. 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）A （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了帮养病的爸爸照顾花园的经历让Christine明白了努力工作是值得的。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的\"My father loves his garden.\"及第二段中的\"I didn't want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he recovered.\"可知，Christine的爸爸很喜欢花园，她不想让爸爸在养伤期间担心他的花园没人照顾，所以Christine说她会帮他照顾花园，也就是说Christine知道花园对爸爸很重要才说帮他照顾花园，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的\"I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs.\"可知，Christine去花园看到许多莴苣叶和胡萝卜被虫子吃掉了一半，由此可知，花园的一个问题是昆虫破坏了莴苣和胡萝卜，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的\"Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while.\"可知，Christine的爸爸在一次事故中受了重伤，需要卧床养伤，看不到菜园的进展，所以Christine才能偷偷地用商店里买来的蔬菜做沙拉，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的\"Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they maybe.\"可知，现在，Christine更好地理解，为某事付出大量的努力可以帮助你更好地欣赏成果，不管成果有多小，言外之意，这个经历让Christine明白了努力工作是值得的，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

16．阅读理解

I was in the seventh grade, and we had moved to New Jersey in November. By then, everyone already had had their own friends, and no one wanted to talk to a new girl. To make things worse, they put me in \"Section L\". I found out later that everyone called Section L \"Loserville\". It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers and not-so-smart kids. When I found out, I wanted to scream. I had always been a good student and had amazing friends, and now everyone thought I was a loser!

I did text my friends in Illinois almost every night, especially my best friend, Ana. At first my friends wanted to hear all about it. But then some stopped texting back once I said something about how miserable I was. One night when I was texting with Ana, I complained about another friend who had just done that.

Ana's texts came really fast for the next few minutes and they surprised me. She said that she was tired of hearing about how bad everything was in New Jersey, too. She said she did not want to hurt my feelings but that I needed to stop feeling so sorry for myself all the time, I had to try to make things better.

The next day, I thought a lot about what Ana had said. She was right!

I wish I could say that everything changed overnight after that, but it didn't. I was still stuck in \"Loserville\way.

But what did change was me—I stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends. I signed up to make sets for the school play. I met a lot of new people there, and suddenly I had friends to say hi to in the halls!

I still miss Illinois sometimes, but life in New Jersey isn't so hard anymore. Even though I couldn't change my situation, I could change my attitude—and that made all the difference. （1）\"Loserville\" is a section for ________.

A. failures B. good students C. class secrets D. newcomers （2）The writer complained all the time in the new environment because ________. A. Ana didn't text back to her B. her friends hurt her feelings C. she was unfairly treated D. she was a good student （3）What made a difference in changing the situation?

A. She went back to Illinois. B. She ended friendship with Ana. C. She fought back with her classmates. D. She began to make friends with others. （4）The best title for the passage can be ________. A. Lasting Friendship B. An Incidence at School

C. Say Goodbye to \"Loserville\" D. Unhappiness in \"Loserville\" 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）D （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在上七年级的时候，搬到了新泽西。在那里的学校，作者被放到了代表“失败者”的“Loserville”区，受到了不公平地对待，作者尽自己最大的努力，想要告别 “Loserville”。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“It was sort of an open secret that it was the section for troublemakers and not-so-smart kids.”这是一个公开的秘密，这是一个者和不太聪明的孩子的区域；以及“I had always been a good student and had amazing friends, and now everyone thought I was a loser!”一直是个好学生，有很棒的朋友，现在每个人都认为我是个失败者!由此推断出“Loserville”是一个失败者待着的地方，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But then some stopped texting back once I said something about how miserable I was.”但当我说我有多痛苦时，有些人就不再回我的短信了。可知作者在新环境中一直抱怨，因为她受到不公平的待遇，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“But what did change was me—I stopped feeling so sorry for myself and did something about making friends.”但真正改变我的是我自己——我不再为自己感到难过，而是做了一些关于交朋友的事情。可知她开始和别人交朋友，改变了情况，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了作者在上七年级的时候，搬到了新泽西。在那里的学校，作者被放到了代表“失败者”的“Loserville”区，受到了不公平地对待，作者尽自己最大的努力，想要告别 “Loserville”。所以这篇文章最好的题目是《和“Loserville”说再见》，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。