一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类 1．阅读理解
Theater Listing Guide
Check out the latest shows in London theaters with our handy theater listing guide! You can either purchase tickets at the theatre or online at https://www.londontheatre.co.uk/whats-on. Chicago, Phoenix Theatre
Chicago, the longest-running American musical in Broadway history, has delighted audiences around the world. The main characters are two female criminals. You must be 18 or older to purchase a ticket.
Kinky Boots, Adelphi Theatre
Based on the successful 2005 British film by Geoff Deane and Tim Firth, this musical celebration is about the belief that you can change the world when you change your mind. Fans of musical comedy won't want to miss this fabulous show, as the songs in the musical were produced by Grammy and Tony winning pop icon Cyndi Lauper. No children younger than 6 will be admitted. Children under 3 are tree except in reserved seating. King Lear, Duke of York's Theatre
Acting legend Sir Ian McKellen starred the title character in King Lear, one of Shakespeare's famous tragedies. McKellen's performance in the play, which sees King Lear become mad as he divides his kingdom amongst his children, was highly praised by critics and audiences. You must be 12 or older to enter the theatre. Les Miserables, Queen's Theatre
Adapted from the epic novel by Victor Hugo, the musical tells a powerful and moving story of love, sacrifice, passion and revolutionary spirit. In October 2015 Les Miserables celebrated its 30th Anniversary in London and is now the world's longest-running musical. It is recommended for children aged 7 or over, and children under 5 are prohibited. （1）Who is the composer of the musical Kinky Boots? A. Cyndi Lauper. B. Sir Ian McKellen. C. Grammy and Tony. D. Geoff Deane and Tim Firth. （2）Which show is the longest-running musical in the world?
A. Chicago. B. Kinky Boots. C. King Lear. D. Les Miserables. （3）What can we infer about the shows mentioned in the passage? A. The shows are musicals.
B. The shows are adapted from ancient stories. C. The audiences should buy the tickets online in advance.
D. The audiences should check the age policy before buying the tickets. 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个剧院最新节目的情况。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Kinky Boots , Adelphi Theatre部分中的“Fans of musical comedy won't want to miss this fabulous show, as the songs in the musical were produced by Grammy and Tony winning pop icon Cyndi Lauper.”音乐喜剧的粉丝们可不想错过这场精彩的演出,因为音乐剧中的歌曲都是由格莱美奖得主和托尼奖得主Cyndi Lauper创作的。可知Kinky Boots的作曲家是Cyndi Lauper。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Les Miserables . Queen's Theatre部分中的“In October 2015 Les Miserables celebrated its 30th Anniversary in London and is now the world's longest-running musical.”2015年10月,《悲惨世界》在伦敦庆祝了30周年,现在是世界上播放时间最长的音乐剧。可知Les Miserables是世界上播放时间最长的音乐剧。故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据四个剧院都有关于年龄的规定,如Chicago, Phoenix Theatre部分中的“You must be 18 or older to purchase a ticket.”你必须年满18岁才能买票。；“Kinky Boots, Adelphi TheatreChildren under 3 are free except in reserved seating. ”3岁以下儿童免费,但预留座位除外。；“King Lear, Duke of York's Theatre中You must be 12 or older to enter the theatre.”你必须年满12岁才能进入剧院。；“Les Miserables . Queen's Theatre中It is recommended for children aged 7 or over, and children under 5 are prohibited.”建议7岁以上儿童观看,5岁以下儿童禁看。可知观众在买票前应检查年龄政策。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的) to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a \"ruby-crowned kinglet\" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of \"time\" and \"destination\"（目的地）are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to
get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them. I asked them what they'd seen. \"Oh, a few birds,\" they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations(感觉）. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
（1）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3? A.To avoid jumping to conclusions. B.To stop complaining all the time. C.To follow the teacher's advice. D.To admit mistakes honestly.
（2）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they __________. A.are very patient in their observation B.are really fascinated by nature C.care only about the names of birds D.question the accuracy of the field guides
（3）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey? A.The natural beauty isn't attractive to them. B.They focus on arriving at the camp in time. C.The forest in the dark is dangerous for them. D.They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.
（4）In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________. A.use our senses to feel the wonders of the world B.get rid of some bad habits in our daily life C.open our mind to new things and ideas D.try our best to protect nature 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）B （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者希望我们能够运用我们的感官和情感去全方位感受自然的美妙，去感受世界的美好。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs.”唤醒感官的第一步是在它发生之前停止预测我们将要看到和感觉到的东西。可知，作者认为在事情发生前避免过早下结论。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“ I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a ‘ruby-crowned kinglet’ and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.”我看见观鸟者发现了一只鸟，立刻在田野向导里看了看，说：“一只红宝石王冠的小王”并结束了。他们不再注意这只
鸟，也不观察它在干什么。可知，这些观鸟者只是匆匆记下这些鸟的名字，而没有观察它们在做什么。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them.”可知，徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地，而很少关心周围的事物。故选 B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“ Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk， no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations.”可知，作者希望我们能够运用我们的感官和情感去全方位感受自然的美妙，去感受世界。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
If your life were a book and you were the author, how would you want your story to go? That's the question that changed my life forever.
At the age of 19, I became a massage therapist(治疗师). For the first time in my life, I felt free, independent and completely in control of my life. That is, until my life took a detour. I was diagnosed with bacterial meningitis. Over the course of two months, I lost my spleen(脾), my kidneys, and both of my legs below the knees.
One day, I went home. I crawled into bed and this is what my life looked like for the next few months me passed out, escaping from reality, with my legs resting by my side. I was completely physically and emotionally broken. But I knew that in order to move forward, I had to let go of the old Amy and learn to embrace the new Amy. And that is when I began to realize that I didn't have to be small any more. I could be as tall as I wanted or as short as I wanted depending on whom I was dating. And if I snowboard again, my feet aren't going to get cold. And the best of all, I thought, I can make my feet the size of all the shoes that are on the sales shelf. And I did! I started snowboarding. Then I went back to work. And then I co-founded a non-profit organization for physical disabilities so that they could get involved in action sports. And just this past February, I won two World Cup gold medals, making me the highest-ranked adaptive female snowboarder in the world.
Eleven years ago, when I lost my legs, I had no idea what to expect. But if you ask me today, if I would ever want to change my situation, I would have to say no, because my legs haven't disabled me. They've forced me to rely on my imagination and to believe in possibilities, and that's why I believe that our imaginations can be used as tools for breaking through borders, because in our minds, we can do anything and we can be anything. It's belief in those dreams and facing our fears directly that allow us to live our lives beyond our limits. （1）What can we learn from the underlined sentence in Paragraph3? A. The author no longer wanted to make friends with Amy.
B. The author realized she had to learn to accept a new \"herself\" gladly.
C. The author wanted a new friend in her new life eagerly.
D. The author felt hard to choose between the old Amy and the new Amy. （2）According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. The author didn't like her job as a massage therapist. B. The author is still very sensitive to her disabilities. C. The author has learnt to see her disabilities as blessings. D. The author hopes to return to her old life.
（3）What message does the author want to convey with her speech? A. Roman is not built in one day. B. Failure is the mother of success
C. Imagination is more important than knowledge.
D. It is not what happens to you but how you respond that counts. （4）The tone of the passage is best described as ________. A. proud but stubborn B. interesting but regretful C. optimistic and inspiring D. pessimistic and doubtful 【答案】 （1）B （2）C （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者Amy用她的故事告诉了我们：只要我们拥抱挑战，敢于想象，心怀感恩，我们依然可以给烂透了的生活——绝地反击。
（1）考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的“But I knew that in order to move forward, I had to let go of the old Amy and learn to embrace the new Amy.”但是我知道，为了前进，我不得不放开旧的艾米，学会拥抱新的艾米）可推出，作者意识到她必须学会快乐地接受一个新的“自己”。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“They've forced me to rely on my imagination and to believe in possibilities, and that's why I believe that our imaginations can be used as tools for breaking through borders, because in our minds, we can do anything and we can be anything.”它们迫使我依靠我的想象力并相信各种可能性，这就是为什么我相信我们的想象力可以用作突破边界的工具，因为在我们的思维中，我们可以做任何事情，我们可以成为任何事情。可知，作者学会了将自己的残疾视为迫使自己前进、突破自己的契机。由此可知，作者已经学会把她的残疾看作是一种福气。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“It's belief in those dreams and facing our fears directly that allow us to live our lives beyond our limits.”相信那些梦想并直接面对我们的恐惧使我们能够超越自己的极限生活。可知，作者在演讲中想要告诉我们，重要的不是你身上发生了什么，而是你如何应对。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“And if I snowboard again, my feet aren't going to get cold. And the best of all, I thought, I can make my feet the size of all the shoes that are on the sales shelf. And I did!”如果我再玩滑雪板，我的脚就不会冷了。我想，最棒的是，我能使我的脚适合货架上所有的鞋的尺寸。我做到了!可知，面对残疾作者展示出非常积极的态度；
再根据最后一段中的“It's belief in those dreams and facing our fears directly that allow us to live our lives beyond our limits.”相信那些梦想并直接面对我们的恐惧使我们能够超越自己的极限生活）可知，Amy用她的故事告诉了我们：只要我们拥抱挑战，敢于想象，心怀感恩，我们依然可以给烂透了的生活——绝地反击。由此可知，文章的基调是乐观的，激励人心的。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn't very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, \"Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish.\" I remember being even more upset then because, \"I'm not a fish!\" I didn't know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does? As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don't have any eyelids (眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes. The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say, \"We all need to think like sales people.\" But it didn't completely make sense. My dad never once said, \"If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.\" What he said was, \"You need to think like a fish.\" Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters. （1）Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine? A. He could not catch a fish. B. His father was not patient with him. C. His father did not teach him fishing. D. He could not influence a fish as his father did. （2）What did the author's father really mean by saying \"to think like a fish\"? A. To read about fish. B. To learn fishing by himself. C. To understand what fish think. D. To study more about fish. （3）According to the author, fish are most likely to be found . A. in deep water on sunny days B. in deep water on cloudy days C. in shallow water under sunlight D. in shallow water under waterside trees （4）After entering the business world, the author found .
A. it easy to think like a customer B. his father's fishing advice inspiring C. his first boss's sales ideas reasonable D. it difficult to sell services to poor people （5）This passage most likely comes from .
A. a fishing guide B. a book about sales C. a novel on childhood D. a millionaire's story 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）D （4）B （5）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者小时候同父亲钓鱼，作者父亲的关于钓鱼的建议给了作者在钓鱼，尤其是后来的销售工作中的一些启示。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn't very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why.” 当我九岁的时候，我喜欢和我爸爸一起去钓鱼。但唯一不好玩的是，他能钓到很多鱼，而我却什么也抓不到。我通常很沮丧，不停地问他为什么。可知我沮丧是因为我抓不到鱼，故选A。 （2）考查推理判断。第二段讲述的 是随着我慢慢长大，我理解了父亲的话，于是我买了很多关于鱼的书和参加关于鱼的俱乐部和会议去了解鱼的特点及习性，可推断作者的父亲的话的含义就是要想抓到鱼就应该多研究鱼，了解鱼，故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don't have any eyelids (眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes.” 这就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水而不是深水，因为前者比较温暖。此外，在阳光直射下，水通常比在阴凉处温暖。然而，鱼没有任何眼皮和太阳伤害他们的眼睛。根据作者对鱼的研究，可知在水边树下的浅水中更容易找到鱼，故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ My dad never once said, ‘If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman.’ What he said was, ‘You need to think like a fish.” Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers.’” 我爸爸从来没有说过，“如果你想钓一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。”他说，“你需要像鱼一样思考。”几年后，努力为比我年长和富有得多的人推广长期服务，我逐渐了解到我们需要的是像顾客那样去思考。由此可知，父亲的话对我后来的销售工作有着很大的影响，因此推断作者父亲钓鱼的建议对作者很有启发，故选B。
（5）考查推理判断。本文主要讲述作者小时候同父亲钓鱼，作者父亲的关于钓鱼的建议给了作者在钓鱼，尤其是后来的销售工作中的一些启示。作者写钓鱼主要也是想表达作者父亲的建议对作者后来销售工作的启发，因此可推断这篇文章可能来自关于销售的书，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
I'm not so sure I like my friends any more. I used to like them — to be honest. We'd have lunch,
talk on the phone or exchange e-mails, and they all seemed normal enough. But then came Facebook and I was introduced to a sad fact: many of my friends have dark sides that they had kept from me.
Today my friends show off the more unpleasant aspects of their personalities via Facebook. No longer hidden, they're thrown in my face like TV commercials — unavoidable and endless advertisements for the worst of their personalities.
Take Fred. If you were to have lunch with him, you'd find him warm, and down-to-earth. Read his Facebook and you realize he's an unbearable, food-obsessed bore. He'd pause to have a cup of coffee on his way to save a drowning man — and then write about it.
Take Andy. You won't find a smarter CEO anywhere, but now he's a CEO without a company to lull. So he plays Mafia Wars on Facebook. He's doing well — level 731. Thanks to Facebook, I know he's playing about 18 hours a day. Andy, you've run four companies — and this is how you spend your downtime(业余时间)? What happened to golf? What happened to getting another job?
Take Liz. She is positive that the H1N1 vaccine(甲流疫苗) will kill us all and that we should avoid it. And then comes Chris who likes to post at least 20 times a day on every website he can find, so I get to read his thoughts twice, once on Facebook and once on Twitter.
In real life, I don't see these sides of people. Face to face, my friends show me their best. They're nice, smart people. But face to Facebook, my friends are like a blind date which goes horribly wrong.
I'm left with a dilemma. Who is my real friend? Is it the Liz I have lunch with or the anti-vaccine lunatic(狂人)on Facebook? Is it the Fred I can grab a sandwich with or the Fred who weeps if he's at a party and the wine isn't up to his standards? （1）What's Andy probably busy in doing now?
A. He's running his company. B. He's playing golf all day. C. He's looking for another job. D. He's playing computer games. （2）Who is opposed to the H1N1 vaccine in the text?
A. Fred. B. Andy. C. Liz. D. Chris. （3）According to the text, Facebook tends to ______. A. present another side of people B. offer some food for free C. show endless advertisements D. get you to more parties （4）The text is developed mainly by ______. A.giving examples B.following the time order C.listing figures D.raising questions 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）A （4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，自从有了Facebook之后，作者朋友们的一些变
化。以前，朋友会在现实生活中展现他们好的一面；现在，在网络上他们把自己的阴暗面暴露无遗。这让作者很烦恼，甚至分不清楚朋友的真实面目是什么，谁才是她真正的朋友。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”So he plays Mafia Wars on Facebook. He's doing well — level 731. Thanks to Facebook, I know he's playing about 18 hours a day.“所以他在Facebook上玩游戏，他打的不错-731级。多亏了Facebook，我知道他现在每天玩18小时游戏，可知，Andy沉溺于网络游戏，所以可以推断出他此时正忙着打游戏。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的”Take Liz. She is positive that the H1N1 vaccine(甲流疫苗) will kill us all and that we should avoid it.“以Liz为例。她赞同甲流疫苗会致死，大家都该避开打疫苗，可知，Liz对甲流疫苗持反对态度。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”Today my friends show off the more unpleasant aspects of their personalities via Facebook.“现在我的朋友通过Facebook展现出他们性格中令人不愉快的方面）和倒数第二段的In real life, I don't see these sides of people. Face to face, my friends show me their best. They're nice, smart people. But face to Facebook, my friends are like a blind date which goes horribly wrong.”在现实生活中，我没有看到人们的这些方面。面对面时，我的朋友们把他们最好的一面展现出来，他们是好人。但是面对Facebook，我的朋友们就像和素未谋面的人相亲一样，变得极其糟糕）可知，Facebook能让人展现出不同于往常的一面。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第三，四，五段作者分别以朋友Fred，Andy，Liz的事情为例可知，作者是以举例的方式来写作的。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a \"ruby-
crowned kinglet\" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of \"time\" and \"destination\" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them. I asked them what they'd seen. \"Oh, a few birds,\" they said. They seemed bent on their destinations. Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
（1）According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ____________. A.anxious to do wonders B.sensitive to others' feelings C.likely to develop unpleasant habits D.eager to explore the world around them
（2）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3? A.To avoid jumping to conclusions. B.To stop complaining all the time. C.To follow the teacher's advice. D.To admit mistakes honestly.
（3）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they __________. A.are very patient in their observation B.are really fascinated by nature C.care only about the names of birds D.question the accuracy of the field guides
（4）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey? A.The natural beauty isn't attractive to them. B.They focus on arriving at the camp in time. C.The forest in the dark is dangerous for them. D.They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.
（5）In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________. A.fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world B.get rid of some bad habits in our daily life C.open our mind to new things and ideas D.try our best to protect nature 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）C （4）B （5）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇散文。我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。作者通过此文要告诉我们：放慢脚步，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。
（1）推理判断题。根据文章第二段Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder.可知，与成人相比较，孩子观察得更多，孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚，作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候，学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走，结果事实上那是一个温泉。作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避免过早下结论。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第四段全段及首句Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things.可知，鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字，并不关心它在做什么。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章第五段I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them.可知，徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地，而很少关心周围的事物。故选B。
（5）推理判断题。文章作者想要通过此文要告诉我们：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等待的人，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙吧。故选A。
【点评】考查散文类阅读理解，涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题注意抓住题干关键词，把握重点，从文中寻找答案；推理判断题则需要找出相关句子，联系上下文，推测所需信息。
7．阅读理解
Today different online exercise programs are challenging the concept of traditional fitness models. Gyms and health clubs are no longer limited to “the four walls”. Digital extensions of traditional fitness are appearing, and to reach as many people as possible, the fitness industry is expanding its boundaries through virtual (虚拟的) fitness and accepting the latest scientific findings and technological advancements in health, technology.
Exergames (运动游戏) are a combination of physical exercise and digital games. Now fun and fitness are combined in various digital gaming products, products like Wii Fit Plus, Fitness Evolved, and Kinect Sports. What's more, health technology is often built using principles of neuroscience, a science focused on studying the brain, Fitness Evolved, for example, focuses on stress and how you react to different stressors. This program helps you feel less threatened (受到威胁的) by targeting your specific stressors and then adjusts based on your interaction with the app. Now there are a lot of smart exergames, one of which is BurnAlong. This online video platform combines the advantages of having a human instructor with the perks of practicing in the comfort of your own homer The platform lets users connect with whoever makes them feel most motivated—be it their favorite gym instructors, or friends who might he living on the opposite side of the country, A wide variety of programs are offered through the platform, as well as different effort levels, so everyone can find something that suits their level of fitness.
Another example is Zwift, an online multiplayer video game besed on indoor cycling. It allows you to join an online cycling group that includes members from over 150 countries. BitGym is also
a smart virtual fitness app. As you train, you're given beautiful virtual scenery to look at, complete with natural sounds and location-specific facts.. For this app, all you need to do is place your smartphone or tablet no your sports machine.
（1）What is the purpose of mentioning Fitness Evolved m Paragraph 2? A.To show how health technology is built. B.To explain what exergames actually are. C.To prove the popularity of digital products. D.To give a skill of managing stress in sporty.
（2）What does the underlined word \"perks\" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Ways. B.Benefits. C.Chances. D.Problems.
（3）In which exergame you are exposed to virtual natural beauty? A.Kinect Sports. B.BurnAloog. C.Zwift. D.BitGym.
（4）What does the author think of digital gaming products? A.They are the best in improving health. B.They cast users a great deal of money. C.They bring certain convenience to users. D.They suit people of various age groups. 【答案】 （1）A （2）B （3）D （4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，今天，不同的在线锻炼项目正在挑战传统健身模式的概念。健身房和健身俱乐部不再局限于“四壁”。传统健身的数字扩展正在出现，为了吸引尽可能多的人，健身行业正在通过虚拟健身扩展其边界，接受最新的科学发现和健康技术方面的技术进步。作者对此进行了举例说明。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“This program helps you feel less threatened (受到威胁的) by targeting your specific stressors and then adjusts based on your interaction with the app.”可知，在第二段中提到Fitness Evolved的目的是为了展示卫生技术是如何构建的。故选A。 （2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“This online video platform combines the advantages of having a human instructor with the perks of practicing in the comfort of your own home”这个在线视频平台把一个人类教练的优势和在舒适的家中练习的好处结合起来。由此推知，划线词的意思是“利益，好处”，故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“BitGym is also a smart virtual fitness app.”可知，在BitGym.BitGym，你会接触到虚拟的自然美景。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Now fun and fitness are combined in various digital gaming products, products like Wii Fit Plus, Fitness Evolved, and Kinect Sports.”和第三段中的“A wide variety of programs are offered through the platform, as well as different effort levels, so everyone can find something that suits their level of fitness.”可知，作者认为数字游戏产品为用户带来了一定的便利。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
The great-grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91. She hopes to use the language at next year's Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamizawa was one of the more than 200, 00 people who requested to volunteer for Tokyo's 2020 Games. English is not required for service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.
But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, \"In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.\"
Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. \"When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, 'It's not too late. We will teach you one word a day' \". Natsuko is Takamizawa's granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to her grandmother's phone every day. They also often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa will need for the Olympics. \"Welcome to Tokyo, this is the Olympic stadium, how can I help you?\" Takamizawa answers when asked to say an English phrase she has learned. Natsuko explains that she wanted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. \"I can clearly see her English is getting better. It's my joy now.\"
The EF English Proficiency Index is a measure of the level of English spoken in a country. Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.
（1）Why couldn't Takamizawa learn English when she was young?
A. Because English was useless. B. Because she was too young to learn English. C. Because English was forbidden to learn. D. Because she was unwilling to learn English. （2）What can we know from the third paragraph? A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family. B. Takamizawa's grandchildren love her a lot.
C. Natsuko is Takamizawa's granddaughter and only English teacher. D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.
（3）What does the underlined phrase \"This situation\" in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. English is not the first language in Japan.
B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low. C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English. D. Japanese people become open to the rest of the world. （4）What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Where there is a will, there is a way. B. It is never too late to learn. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Two heads are better than one. 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）B （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa为了做好迎接在东京举行的2020奥运会的志愿工作，在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下开始学习英语。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that she was in high school when World War Two started. She said, ‘In my second year there, English was banned because it was the enemy language.’”可知，是在她高中二年级时第二次世界大战大战爆发了，而英语因为是敌人的语言被禁止了，故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. ‘When I talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It's not too late. We will teach you one word a day' ”.可知她的孙辈说服并且帮助她学习英语，因此推断她从家人那里得到很大的支持。故选A。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Japan ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language.” 在英语不是第一语言的国家中，日本排名第49位。可知“This situation”指的是在日本人的英语水平相对较低，故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。文章主要介绍了日本91岁的奶奶Takamizawa在孙辈的鼓励和帮助下学习英语，从她身上体现了“活到老，学到老”的精神，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
When Andrew Kaplan recalls, his stories leave the impression that he has managed to pack multiple lives into a single existence: A war reporter in his 20s. an army member, a successful businessman and- later. the author of numerous spy novels and Hollywood scripts.
Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become \"AndyBot\"--- a virtual person who will be: immortalized(T F5)in the cloud for hundreds, perhaps thousands of years
If all goes according to plan future generations will be able to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices, asking him questions, letting him tell stories and drawing
upon a lifetime's worth of advice long after his physical body is gone.
Someday, Kaplan, who playfully refers to himself as a pig, may be remembered as one of the world's first digital humans.
For decades, Silicon Valley futurists have sought to free humanity from the life cycle. Today, a new generation of companies is selling some approximation(近似) of virtual immortality, which gives people the opportunity to preserve one's legacy(遗产) online forever.
Kaplan is eager to become one of the world's first virtual residents, partly because he considers the effort a way to extend closed family bonds over multiple generations.
If technology succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans, experts say, it may forever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss. \"AndyBot\" may become one of the world's first: meaningful examples, raising complex philosophical questions about the nature of immortality and the purpose of existence itself. （1）What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A.To highlight Kaplan's achievements. B.To introduce the topic- -AndyBot. C.To arouse readers interest in Kaplan. D.To introduce Kaplan's life.
（2）Why did Andrew Kaplan agree to become AndyBot? A.He wanted to share his life experience as long as possible. B.He wanted to make his loved one remember him. C.He believed this action will help with his novels. D.He could live in the cloud to continue his life.
（3）What might the AndyBot do for future generations? A.He may use voice computing platforms. B.He may use a new body to go on living. C.He may offer some guidance. D.He may ask them questions.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Philosophical problems can be worked out by modern science. B.People can talk with their late family members freely. C.Scientists have made great progress in computer science. D.There is still a long way for digital humans to go. 【答案】 （1）B （2）A （3）C （4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科技新动态----数字人。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知，当安德鲁·卡普兰回忆往昔的时候，他的故事让人感觉他活出了各种各样的人生：20多岁的时候是战地记者，还是一名军人，一位成功的商人，随后又是很多间谍小说和好莱坞剧本的作者。主要介绍安德鲁·卡普兰丰富多彩的人生；在根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved
ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become “AndyBot”--- a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的78岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。Kaplan同意变成数字人 ，可知，第一段的内容主要是引出下文中文章的话题数字人。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become ‘AndyBot’...a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的78岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。Kaplan同意变成数字人，可知，卡普兰同意变成数字人是为了能更长时间的分享自己的这些故事。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“If all goes according to plan. future generations will be able to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices, asking him questions, letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetime's worth of advice long after his physical body is gone. ”如果一切按计划进行，后代可以通过移动端的语音平台和他交流，即使他的肉体不存在后，还可以问他问题，让他讲故事以及咨询他一生经验的宝贵建议。可知卡普兰成为“数字人”后，他的后代仍能得到他一生经验的宝贵建议。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If technology succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans, experts say, it may forever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss.”可知，专家们说，如果科技成功地创造出高情商的数字人类，它可能会永远改变人类与电脑交互的方式，以及处理失去亲人创伤的方式，即目前的数字人类还无法拥有高情商，还是不够完美的，因此数字人技术还有很长的路要走。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found. Keeping the mind occupied with tasks ------ no matter how meaningless—keeps off (避开) negative emotions (情绪)，the study found .
However , the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy , according to Professor Christopher Hsee, a behavioral(行为的)scientist at Chicago University . In a study , 98 students were asked to complete two surveys(调查). After they had completed the first, they were made to wait 15 minutes to receive the next one. They were given a choice of either handing in the first survey nearby or at a more distant location they had to walk to. Whichever option they chose, they received a chocolate bar. It turned out that approximately(大约) two – thirds (68 students ) chose the lazy option(选项). Those who had taken the walk reported feeling happier than those who had stayed put(呆在原处).
Prof. Hsee concluded that keeping busy helped keep people happy. He said the findings , reported in the journal Psychological Science , had policy implications (政策意义).
\"Governments may increase the happiness of idle (闲散的) citizens by having them build
bridges that are actually useless,\" he proposed (建议).
At the individual(个人的)level, he advised, \"Get up and do something . Anything. Even if there really is no point to what you are doing, you will feel better for it\". He added , \"Incidentally , thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection(反省)counts as keeping busy, too.\"
\"You do not need to be running around. You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally.\"
（1）Why can keeping busy make people happy ? A.It can help people get rid of laziness. B.It can make people sleep better.
C.It can help get rid of negative emotions(负面情绪) D.It can give people a sense of achievement
（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A.The finding may contribute to politics. B.The officials have taken Prof. Hsee's advice.
C.In the study half students handed in the first survey nearby. D.Governments can increase citizens' happiness by building bridges. （3）What can we infer（推断）from the passage? A.Only by keeping working all the time can you gain happiness. B.Prof .Hsee's finding was published in Psychological Science. C.Keeping busy can add to the possibility of being happy. D.Everybody is born to be lazy.
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing this passage ? A.To explain what happiness is .
B.To advise people not to sit around(坐着啥也不做). C.To advise people to do what they like to. D.To show people how to take life correctly. 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，保持忙碌能摆脱负面情绪，让人快乐起来。作者建议人们不要坐着啥也不做。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Keeping the mind occupied with tasks –------ no matter how meaningless—keeps off (避开) negative emotions (情绪)，the study found .”可知，保持忙碌之所以能让人快乐是因为它能摆脱负面情绪。故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“He said the findings , reported in the journal Psychological Science , had policy implications (政策意义).” ；以及第五段中的“Governments may increase the happiness of idle (闲散的) citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless , ”可知，这一发现可能有助于政治。故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“‘Get up and do something . Anything . Even if
there really is no point to what you are doing , you will feel better for it’ . He added , ‘Incidentally , thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection（反省）counts as keeping busy , too .’”；以及最后一段“You do not need to be running around . You just need to be engaged , either physically or mentally .”可推知，保持忙碌可以增加快乐的可能性。故选C。
（4）考查目的意图。根据倒数第二段中“‘...Even if there really is no point to what you are doing , you will feel better for it’ . He added , ‘Incidentally , thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection（反省）counts as keeping busy , too .’和最后一段“You do not need to be running around . You just need to be engaged , either physically or mentally .”可知，作者建议人们不要坐着啥也不做。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容