一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解
Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （代沟）.
Don't argue （争辩） with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can't express yourself well if you are angry. Go someplace to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter.
Try to reach a compromise （和解）. Perhaps you and your parents disagree on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a motorcycle. They argued over it. But they finally came to a compromise. Michael bought the motorcycle, but only drove it on certain days.
Of course, your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect （尊敬） to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong.
Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life.
A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try!
（1）According to the passage who have a communication problem? A. parents and other people B. only school kids and their parents C. teachers and their students D. parents and children of all ages
（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. （3）The underlined word \"bridge\" in the passage means \"___________\". A. 建立 B. 消除 C. 通过 D. 到达 （4）If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better ___________. A. argue with them B. keep away from them
C. agree with them all the time D. tell your parents what you care about （5）The best title for the passage is ___________.
A. How to bridge the generation gap B. How to deal with family problems C. How to be good parents D. How to be a good child 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B （4）D （5）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文讲了家长和孩子之间有代沟，主要原因就是缺少沟通，当我们彼此了解了对方的观点和想法以后，就能很容易的理解对方，从而消除代沟。 （1）细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages，对于父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说，交流是个问题，可知交流是父母与孩子的问题。故选D。
（2）细节归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第三段第一句Don't argue （争辩） with your parents。不要和你的父母争论。第四段句子Try to reach a compromise （和解）。试图达成妥协。第六段句子Talk about your values。谈论你的价值观。可知一共说了三点建议。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据上下文If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents，don't worry about it。Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （代沟）\"如果你很难和你的父母沟通，不要担心，这里有一些建议可以帮助你…代沟。可知作者提供的是如何消除代沟的建议，结合选项，即这里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟，所以bridge意为消除。故选B。
（4）细节理解题，根据倒数第二段句子\"The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own。Tell your parents what you care about，and why。\"你父母的价值观可能与你自己的价值观不同。告诉你的父母你关心什么，为什么。可知让父母了解你的价值观，可以帮助父母更加的了解你，故选D。
（5）标题归纳题。根据整篇文章内容及其第二段句子Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages。If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents，don't worry about it。Here are some advice for you to bridge the generation gap （代沟）。对于父母和所有年龄段的孩子来说，交流是个问题，如果你很难和你的父母沟通，不要担心，这里有一些建议可以帮助你消除代沟。可知本文主要介绍怎样消除代沟的建议，对消除代沟提出一些建议，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。
2．根据短文内容选择正确答案。
B
When you're not at home, many worries may start to crowd your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off? Did I lock the door? Are the kids doing their homework or watching television?
With a smart home, you can quiet all of these worries.
A smart home is a home with a communication network. This network connects devices（装置）,such as lights and TV sets, and allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet.
More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. It can help keep your room at a certain temperature. It can record what happens inside the home and send the video to your phone. When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary. Some smart homes can receive a visitor, allowing him to come in and offering him a drink. They can even feed the cat and water the plants.
Besides, smart homes are easy to fix. Most smart home technology and devices are wireless and can be set up with a minimum of tools, using only the guiding information. When a problem appears, you can deal with it yourself without paying a professional.
However, for home-users, the smart home technology is far from perfect. It can be rather expensive to own the technology and the devices. Also, because the smart home system（系统）allow its owner to get home information from anywhere, it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers（黑客）,who may secretly use or change the information in the system. Now, many scientists are excited at the future of smart home technology. Imagine being able to get fashion advice from your mirror, or receive food shopping suggestions from your refrigerator. While there are others who worry that those smart devices will make people lazier and lonelier. Whatever it is, one thing is for sure---smart home technology will change the way we live and work.
（1）According to the passage, nowadays a smart home can lock the door through .
A. electric lights B. mirror technologies C. mobile phones D. shopping programs （2）The third paragraph of the passage is mainly about .
A. the steps to use smart systems B. the prices of smart programs C. the advantages of a smart home D. the tools for setting up smart devices （3）Which of the following is TRUE about a smart home according to the passage?
A. Smart homes can't help feed pets nowadays. B. Smart homes costs a lot of money at present. C. You can't control your smart home in other countries. D. It's hard for hackers to get information from smart homes. （4）What's the writer's opinion according to the passage?
A. People will become less happy in the future. B. People's life style will be different in the future. C. Mobile phones are the most important in smart homes. D. Smart homes are much better than other smart systems.
【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）B （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了智能家居的基本功能和新型理念，作者认为智能家居技术将对我们的生活和工作方式带来变革。
（1）推理判断。根据第二段allows them to be controlled from far away through electrical wiring, mobile phone communication or WiFi over the internet.可知智能仪器可以通过电线，手机，无线网络等控制。electric lights电子光线；mirror technologies镜像技术；mobile phones移动电话；shopping programs购物程序。故选C。
（2）段落大意。根据第三段第一句More and more people may start to consider owning a smart home, because it makes life much more convenient. 可知越来越多的人开始考虑拥有一个智能家庭，因为它给生活带来极大的方便，结合下文可知都是在谈论智能家庭的优点。故选C。
（3）细节理解。根据They can even feed the cat and water the plants可知A错误；根据第四段 It can be rather expensive to own the technology and the devices. 可知B正确；根据第三段When you are on vacation abroad, you can use a smart home controller to switch on or off the electricity when necessary.可知C错误；根据第四段 it leaves the home easy to be attacked by hackers（黑客）,可知D错误。故选B。
（4）观点态度。根据最后一句话Whatever it is, one thing is for sure---smart home technology will change the way we live and work. 可知智能家庭技术会改变我们生活和工作的方式。故选B。
【点评】读说明文时首先确定文章的中心句，通常在句首，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。
3．阅读理解
What problems do the teenagers probably have？Here is a survey showing their main problems： Problems Feeling stressed Getting shortsighted Fights Causes Advice Too much homework. Don't Make a plan for study and hobbies. Find time have enough time for their to relax as possible as you can. hobbies. Too much homework. Bad Do homework and read in a correct way. reading and writing habits. Don't know how to get on well Make more friends and understand each with classmates. Feeling tired of Computer study influence. other. Share your problems with them. games' bad Don't be crazy about computer games. Play them just for a short time when you want to relax. Getting fat Have a lot of pocket money to Use your pocket money to do something buy snacks. Dislike doing meaningful. Spend some time doing exercise every day. exercise. A. Feeling stressed and fights. B. Feeling tired of study and getting fat. C. Feeling stressed and getting short-sighted. D. Getting short-sighted and feeling tired of study. （2）If Simon is feeling stressed, he should . A. do much more homework
B. make a plan to spend time on study and hobbies C. donate his pocket money to Project Hope D. buy some snacks
（3）Peter is tired of study, maybe because he . A. has no close friends B. has no pocket money C. plays too many computer games D. gets fatter and fatter （4） is a good way for teenagers to stop fights.
A. Doing less homework B. Playing computer games C. Learning how to make friends D. Paying no attention to each other 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）C （4）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于青少年可能有的问题的一项调查结果。
（1）细节题。根据Feeling stressed Too much homework.Don't have enough time for their hobbies.Getting shortsighted Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits.可知太多的作业会导致感觉有压力和变近视，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据第一行Advice Make a plan for study and hobbies.可知制定学习和爱好计划，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据Feeling tired of study Computer games' bad influence.可知厌恶学习的原因是电脑的坏的影响，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据Fights Make more friends and understand each other.可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻止打架，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
（1）What problems are caused by too much homework?
4．阅读理解
Boston Children's Museum is the second oldest children's museum in the United States. It has been teaching children with a huge collection of objects（可触摸的实物） since 1913. Here's a list of some interesting exhibits in the museum.
Arthur &. This exhibit features the characters（人物） from Marc Brown's books and the Friends television series. Children can learn and play in the Read Family Kitchen, Mr Ratburn's Classroom and the Backyard Sleepover. Art Studio Art Studio is a place where children and their parents can create art together. The Common House The Common is a place where visitors can experience light shows, musical chairs, a gigantic checkers game and many other activities. sister city. Visitors can learn about 'Japanese family life, culture, art and seasonal events at the exhibit. Kid Power This exhibit teaches visitors how to live healthier lives by eating right and exercising. （1）How many children's museums in the US are older than Boston Children's Museum? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. （2）Which of the following is TRUE? A. The museum is over 100 years old. B. Arthur is a real person. C. Parents cannot go into Art Studio. D. Japanese House is in Kyoto right now.
（3）Seven-year-old Tony is interested in checkers games. Which exhibit should he visit? A. Art Studio. B. The Common. C. Japanese House. D. Kid Power. （4）Children can learn about healthy eating at _______________.
A. Arthur & Friends B. Art Studio C. Japanese House D. Kid Power （5）The passage is most probably a _______________.
A. speech B. notice C. poster D. story 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）B （4）D （5）C
【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍波士顿儿童博物馆，这里孩子可以触摸实物，并且介绍了博物馆一些有趣的展览处所。
（1）细节题。根据Boston Children's Museum is the second oldest children's museum in the United States.波士顿儿童博物馆是美国第二最古老的儿童博物馆。可知，美国只有一个博物馆比波士顿儿童博物馆更古老，故选A。
（2）细节题。根据It has been teaching children with a huge collection of objects（可触摸的实物） since 1913.可知，博物馆已有100多年了，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据The Common is a place where visitors can experience light shows, musical chairs, a gigantic checkers game.可知，托尼对跳棋游戏感兴趣，可以去the common，故选B。
Japanese Japanese House is a real two-storey house from Kyoto, Japan, Boston's Japanese （4）细节题。根据This exhibit teaches visitors how to live healthier lives by eating right and exercising.可知，孩子们可以在Kids power学习到健康饮食，故选D。
（5）推断题。本文介绍了波士顿儿童博物馆，而且详细介绍了博物馆里一些处所，这篇文章很可能是一篇海报，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
5．阅读理解
Bob was only seven years old. One night Bob was at home alone while his parents were out for a party. He had often stayed alone before, so he wasn't afraid. As he waited for his parents to return home, he watched a film on TV. His eyes became heavier and heavier as time passed by. Suddenly Bob's eyes opened wide- what was the sound in the next room? Bob heard the window being opened slowly. For a minute, Bob was so frightened that he could not move, and his body felt like ice. He knew that he couldn't lose his head and began to think of the things he could do.
Again he heard the sound of someone trying to climb into his home through the window. Bob's drums were standing in the corner near the TV. \"Wait, maybe there is something I can do,\" thought Bob. He beat his drums as hard as he could. The sound was so terrible that Bob surprised even himself. He also surprised the man in the window, who ran away as fast as possible. How clever he was!
（1）What did Bob do when he waited for his parents?
A. He played the drums. B. He watched TV. C. He fell asleep. D. He did nothing. （2）The person who wanted to come into the room might be _________________. A. a friend B. a stranger C. an animal D. a thief （贼） （3）What does the underlined phrase \"lose his head\" mean in Chinese?
A. 冷静 B. 生气 C. 惊慌失措 D. 喜出望外 （4）What did Bob do to make the man run away? A. He turned up the TV. B. He called the police. C. He beat his drums. D. He asked his parents for help. （5）What do you think of Bob?
A. Foolish. B. Lovely. C. Funny. D. Clever. 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）C （4）C （5）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Bob用敲鼓的方式吓跑了小偷的故事。
（1）细节题。根据 As he waited for his parents to return home, he watched a film on TV
当他等待父母回家时，他在电视上看了一部电影，可知鲍勃等父母时看了电视 ， 故选B。 （2）推理题。根据 Again he heard the sound of someone trying to climb into his home through the window. 他再次听到有人试图从窗户爬进他家的声音可知， 想进房间的人可能是小偷 ， 故选D。
（3）词义猜测题。根据 Bob was so frightened that he could not move, and his body felt like ice. 鲍勃吓得动弹不得，他的身体感觉像冰一样，可知 lose his head 是惊慌失措 ， 故选C。
（4）细节题。根据 He beat his drums as hard as he could. The sound was so terrible that Bob surprised even himself. He also surprised the man in the window, who ran away as fast as possible他尽最大努力敲鼓。声音太可怕了，鲍勃甚至连自己都感到惊讶。他还让橱窗里的那个人大吃一惊，那个人跑好 ，可知他敲鼓吓跑了小偷 ， 故选C。 （5）细节题。根据 How clever he was ， 可知鲍勃很聪明，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
6．阅读理解
When his mum fainted（昏厥） and knocked herself out, unconscious, four year old Henry Davies knew just what to do— thanks to a storybook.
He calmly dialled 999 and told the emergency services how to get to his home and then phoned his father.
The boy told the doctors what had happened and directed them to the house in Coundon, Coventry, and even offered the doctors a drink
When they arrived. Henry also offered to look after his 12— month old brother Noah. His father, Iran, 35, said, \"Chloe has been unwell with a high fever which has made her feel quite poorly. I left for work early at about 7:30 am and as she got up after I left she felt quite dizzy and faint. The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor and hearing Henry talking to someone. He had seen her fall and hit her head on the table, but he couldn't wake her up. So he picked up the phone and dialled 999 for an ambulance.\"
Chloe said, \"Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency, which we've read a few times. He even put a blanket over me. The ambulance crew were amazed. We're very proud of him.\" （1）How old was Henry?
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. （2）What was the matter with Henry's mother?
A. She fainted on the floor. B. She was shot by a gun. C. She was badly ill. D. She was hurt badly. （3）How did Henry know the knowledge of saving his mother?
A. By watching TV. B. By reading a book. C. His teacher taught him. D. By WeChat. （4）The underlined words\" emergency services\" mean \"_________\" in Chinese.
A. 紧急应变机构 B. 突发事件 C. 急诊室 D. 医疗 （5）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. There are 4 people in Henry's family. B. Henry prepared a drink for the doctors. C. Henry's father is very proud of Henry. D. His father is 29 years old. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）B （4）A （5）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Henry凭借《救护人员》书上的内容，救了他的妈妈。 （1）细节题。根据 four year old Henry Davies...可知，Henry4岁了，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据 The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor 可知， 亨利的母亲晕倒在地板上，故选A。
（3）推理题。根据 Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency 亨利有一本故事书《救护人员》,讲述在紧急情况下该怎么做 可知， Henry是通过读书知道救他母亲的知识，故选B。
（4）词义辨析题。根据 He calmly dialled 999他平静地拨打了999 ，可知999是个紧急应变机构，故emergency services是紧急应变机构的意思，故选A。
（5）细节题。根据 His father, Iran, 35 ， 可知他的父亲29岁是错的，故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
7．阅读理解
On the afternoon of the day that we arrived in Xingcheng, we left for Qinhuangdao. It was raining heavily while we were on the highway. I kept the speed less than 100 kilometres per hour. We got to Qinhuangdao in the late afternoon. We booked in a hotel a normal room with a large bed, an air conditioner, a TV and a toilet. 150 yuan more or less is worthy of that.
The next morning, it only took us less than 30 minutes to get to the beach. Policemen were everywhere, and they guided our traffic. The bill of the parking was 20 yuan. I paid some money for life buoys because none of us could swim. The water was not too deep near the beach and with a life buoy I could float on the water in order not to get drowned. I taught my wife how to use the life buoy, although it was also the first time that I used it. But my daughter was fascinated by the sand. She played with the sand with all her attention, which made us laugh. The environment in Beidaihe was fine, although it was not very clean, and we had a good time. By the way, in the evening we visited the shopping street in the central city. We visited a shopping street near Beidaihe. There were a lot of people, shopping and dining. Of course, we had some seafood there too.
（1）The writer went to Beidaihe ______________.
A. by train B. by bus C. by car D. by plane （2）What do the underlined words \"life buoys\" mean in Chinese?
A. 防晒霜 B. 救生圈 C. 游泳衣 D. 游艇 （3）What was the writer's daughter doing while they were swimming? A. Taking a walk along the beach. B. Having a picnic. C. Lying in the sun. D. Playing with the sand. （4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The writer booked a room with 300 yuan a night. B. The writer's wife is very good at swimming. C. The environment is very clean in Beidaihe. D. The writer bad some seafood that evening. （5）What's the best title for the passage?
A. The trip to Beidaihe B. The sea in Beidaihe C. The weather in Beidaihe D. The food in Beidaihe 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）D （4）D （5）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者去北戴河旅行。
（1）推断题。根据I kept the speed less than 100 kilometres per hour.我把速度保持在每小时100公里以下。可知是开车，即by car，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据后句because none of us could swim.因为我们都不会游泳，所以买了一些救生圈，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据But my daughter was fascinated by the sand. She played with the sand with all her attention, which made us laugh.但是我的女儿被沙子迷住了。她全神贯注地玩着沙子，这使我们笑了起来，可知女儿正在玩沙子，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据Of course, we had some seafood there too.当然，我们也吃了一些海鲜，可知是吃了海鲜，故选D。
（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了作者去北戴河旅行，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
8．阅读理解
When we think of paper, we think of newspapers and books. But there are many other uses. Only half of the world's paper is used for books and newspapers.
Paper is very good for keeping you warm. You have perhaps seen homeless men sleep on a large number of newspapers. In Finland, it is sometimes-40℃ in winter. The farmers wear paper boots（靴子）in the snow. Nothing could be warmer.
Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper cups and plates for a long time. But now we hear that chairs, tables, and even beds can be made of paper. Besides paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper dresses, and paper raincoats. When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones.
The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These are not small houses for children to play in, but real, big houses for people to live in. You can buy a house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years. （1）Only half of the world's paper is used to _________. A. build houses
B. help the homeless people C. make chairs, tables and beds D. print（印刷）newspapers and books
（2）The farmers in Finland wear paper boots in winter _________. A. to feel much cooler B. to be cool
C. to keep their feet warm D. to save a lot of money
（3）The latest use of paper seems to be paper houses. These houses are _________. A. big and strong enough to live in for many years B. made for children to play in or for homeless men to live in C. made only for the rich people D. not expensive and easy to build up
（4）After you use a paper raincoat, you may _________.
A. use it for a long time B. sell it to others C. lend it to others D. throw it away 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）D （4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了纸的新用途，可以用来做靴子，做帽子、做纸裙、做纸雨衣还能建造房子，这样的房子可以使用五年。
（1）细节理解题，根据 Only half of the world's paper is used for books and newspapers. 可知，世界上只有一半的纸用来印刷报纸和书，故答案是D。
（2）逻辑推理题，根据 The farmers wear paper boots（靴子）in the snow. Nothing could be warmer. 可知芬兰的农民穿纸靴子保暖，故答案是C。
（3）细节理解题，根据You can buy a house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by yourself in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years.可知纸房子不贵也很容易搭建，故答案是D。
（4）细节理解题，根据 When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones. 可知纸雨衣用过之后会扔掉，故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中
寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。
9．阅读理解
\"The day will be the most memorable in the history of America,\" wrote John Adams in 1776. \"People will honor it with parades, fireworks and celebrations,\" he added.
Since 1776, Americans have celebrated July 4 as the country's Independence Day. Several early presidents of the United States died on July 4. They include John Adams, who became the second president. Adams and Thomas Jefferson, the country's third president, both died on the country's 50th anniversary of Independence Day. James Monroe, the fifth US president, died on July 4, 1831. And the 30th president, Calvin Coolidge, was born on July 4.
Most Americans celebrate Independence Day with barbecues, parades and fireworks. But a few celebrate by eating all the hot dogs they can, Since the early 1970s, a restaurant called Nathan's Famous has organized a competition to see who can eat the most hot dogs in a short time. In 10 years, Joey Chestnut has won the men's contest nine times, In 2016, he set a record at the competition by eating 70 hot dogs in 10 minutes. The 2016 women's winner, Miki Sudo, has won in each of the past three years. In 2016, she ate 38 and a half hot dogs. Sudo and Chestnut each won a $ 10, 000 prize.
Let's go back to those fireworks, probably the most common image related to Independence Day. Americans really love fireworks. Where do many of our fireworks come from? . By the way, we also import most of our American flags from China, too. （1）Some presidents died on July 4 EXCEPT____________.
A. John Adams B. Thomas Jefferson C. James Monroe D. Calvin Coolidge （2）Some Americans celebrate Independence Day by eating____________. A. hot dogs. B. noodles C. dumplings D. hamburgers （3）Which of the following can be put into the blank?
A. England B. China C. France D. Germany （4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Joey Chestnut ate 38 and a half hot dogs in ten minutes. B. Americans import most of their national flags from Japan. C. Americans love fireworks very much.
D. Americans have celebrated July 4 as the country's Independence Day since 1831. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了内国人庆祝独立日的方式，有人通过烧烤、游行
和放烟花庆祝，有人通过吃热狗庆祝，十年来乔伊获得了九次冠军，Miki Sudo在过去三年中每一年都获得了冠军。2016年，她吃了38.5个热狗。
（1）细节理解题，根据Several early presidents of the United States died on July 4. They include John Adams, who became the second president. Adams and Thomas Jefferson, the country's third president, both died on the country's 50th anniversary of Independence Day. James Monroe, the fifth US president, died on July 4, 1831.可知死于七月四日的美国总统有约翰亚当斯，托马斯杰斐逊，詹姆士摩尔，不包括柯立芝，故答案是D。
（2）细节理解题，根据 But a few celebrate by eating all the hot dogs they can, 可知一些美国人通过吃热狗来庆祝美国独立日，故答案是A。
（3）细节理解题，根据 By the way, we also import most of our American flags from China, too. 可知，空缺处应填China，故答案是B。
（4）正误判断题，根据 Americans really love fireworks. 可知美国人非常喜欢放烟花，因此C的陈述是正确的，故答案是C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。
10．阅读理解
In Britain. Boxing Day is usually celebrated on December 26th, which is the following day after Christmas Day. However, strictly speaking, Boxing Day is the first weekday after Christmas. Like Christmas Day, Boxing Day is a public holiday. This means it's a non-working day in the whole of Britain. When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.
The exact origin（起源）of the holiday is unclear. One of the thoughts is that during the Middle Ages, when great sailing ships were setting off to discover new land, a Christmas Box was placed by a priest（神父）on each ship. Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box. It was sealed up and kept on board until the ship came home safely. Then the box was handed over to the priest in exchange for the saying of a mass of thanks for the success of the sailing. The priest wouldn't open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.
One more thought is about the \"Alms Box\" placed in every church on Christmas Day. Worshippers（做礼拜的人） put gifts for the poor into it. These boxes were always opened the day after Christmas. That is why that day became known as Boxing Day.
Today, many businesses, organizations and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing
Day alive by donating（捐赠） their time, services and money to aid Food Banks, providing gifts for the poor, or helping families in need. Besides, spending time with family and shopping are popular Boxing Day activities now.
（1）If Christmas Day is on a Saturday, Boxing Day will be celebrated on____________. A. December 25th B. December 26th C. December 27th D. December 28th （2）Sailors dropped money into the Christmas Box in order to____________. A. save the poor B. pay for the priest C. discover new land D. pray for sailing safety （3）What does the underlined phrase“sealed up\" mean in Chinese?
A. 密封 B. 悬挂 C. 归还 D. 传递 （4）The purpose of the passage is____________.
A. to praise the kindness of priests B. to introduce the origins of Boxing Day C. to call on people to help the poor D. to compare Boxing Day with Christmas Day 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：在英国。节礼日通常在12月26日举行，这是圣诞节后的第二天。但是，严格来说，节礼日是圣诞节后的第一个工作日。像圣诞节一样，节礼日也是一个公共假日。这意味着这是整个英国的非工作日。当节礼日是星期六或星期日时，下一个星期一是公共假日。
（1）细节理解题，根据When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, the following Monday is the public holiday.可知，如果圣诞节在星期六，节礼日就在星期一，也就是十二月二十七日，故答案是C。
（2）细节理解题，根据Those sailors who wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box.可知水手往节礼箱里方硬币是为了祈求航行安全，故答案是D。
（3）词义猜测题，根据The priest wouldn't open it to share the contents with the poor until Christmas.可知回来之后让神父打开箱子，可知之前箱子被密封了，故答案是A。 （4）主旨大意题，根据文章介绍了节礼日的起源，故答案是B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
11．阅读理解
With the Chinese language growing in popularity, the UK government plans to invest 10 million
pounds to help more kids learn Chinese. Do you think it is necessary for UK pupils to learn Chinese? Seneca （Canada）
I studied French for 2 years in high school, and German for 4 years in college and got good marks. I studied Chinese for about 4 months before moving to China. Any language, if you don't use it, it will be easy to lose. I've forgotten the French I learned except for a few phrases. I speak Chinese every day. My writing, reading and listening are quite good, but far from fluent. I think nowadays, it's almost necessary to learn Chinese. Tony （the UK）
Learning any language can be valuable, but it is not suitable for everyone. Chinese is a difficult language to learn, and teachers in the UK are not good at teaching foreign languages. However, China is a big and developing market for English business people. For them, Chinese is worth learning. Bill （the US）
I don't think Chinese will become as widely spoken throughout the world as English. To learn Chinese, you have to devote yourself to learning how to write and read it It's too difficult to learn. But in the future Chinese will become more popular, and that is a good thing. （1）Senaca learnt German for ______.
A. 2 years B. 4 months C. 4 years D. 6 years （2）The underlined word \"fluent\" means \"______\" in Chinese.
A. 糟糕的 B. 流利的 C. 完美的 D. 成熟的 （3）From the passage we know ______.
A. Bill doesn't think Chinese will replace English in the future B. Bill thinks it is easy to learn Chinese
C. teachers in England are very good at teaching Chinese D. Seneca is very good at speaking Chinese （4）What's the best title for the passage? A. How to learn Chinese well
B. Chinese will be the first language in the world C. Do you like Chinese?
D. Is it necessary to learn Chinese? 【答案】 （1）C （2）B （3）A （4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了来自加拿大、英国和美国的学生对学习汉语有必要吗的观点。 （1）细节题。根据I studied French for 2 years in high school, and German for 4 years in college可知学习法语2年，学习德语4年，故选C。
（2）推断题。根据前句My writing, reading and listening are quite good我的写作、阅读和听力是好的，但是远不流利，故选B。
（3）细节题。根据I don't think Chinese will become as widely spoken throughout the world
as English.可知Bill认为汉语不像英语一样被全世界广泛说，即汉语不会取代英语，故选A。
（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了来自加拿大、英国和美国的学生对学习汉语有必要吗的观点。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
12．阅读理解
How do you get to school every day? By bus or car? Song Kexin, a 14-year-old schoolgirl in Xiamen, prefers to go to school on her bike. \"It's the quickest and easiest way to get to school,\" she said. \"When there's a traffic jam, I feel the freedom while passing so many car lines.\" China was once known as the kingdom of bicycles. But these years, the popularity of bicycles in Europe is rising. Last year, more bicycles were sold than cars in Europe, according to the BBC. Cycling is a safe, clean and cheap way to get around the city. It makes both traffic jams and pollution less, and is great for our health.
Of course, Rome wasn't built in a day. The popularity of cycling in many European countries is greatly because of bike-friendly policies.
As the traditional \"cycling capital\" in Northern Europe, Copenhagen's roads keep bicycles and motor cars separated（分离）as much as possible. On these roads, there are pre-green lights for cyclists. These kinds of bicycle traffic lights turn green a few seconds before car traffic lights do. They give the cyclists time to avoid traffic while they are crossing.
In Amsterdam, people can hire a bike from almost anywhere in the city. You can start from three hours and the average price for a full day is 8 euros （66.8 yuan）.
This year, in Ruian, there are also similar policies to hire public bikes. It's only 20 yuan for a full day. Do you see them around the city? It's important to be safe when you are cycling. If you remember the following ideas, you will be safer.
■Although you may think a helmet（头盔）is not cool, it can protect your head if you fall down. Just choose the one that fits you best.
■Stop at all stop signs and obey red lights just as cars do. It's a good idea to walk your bike across busy crossings by following traffic lights.
■If you are cycling with friends, ride in a line. Don't ride with each other side by side. ■Wearing headphones while you are biking is not a good idea. You need to hear what's going on around you.
（1）Which of these advantages of cycling are NOT mentioned in the passage? A. Quick, easy and free. B. Safe, clean and cheap. C. Green, healthy and popular.
D. Convenient, traditional and comfortable.
（2）In Paragraph 5, the underlined word \"They\" refers to \" \". A. pre-green lights
B. car traffic lights C. Copenhagen's roads D. bike rental companies
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Cycling is much better than driving cars. B. It is helpful for cyclists to wear a helmet.
C. More bicycles were sold than cars in China last year. D. In Amsterdam, the average price for a bike is 8 euros. （4）What is the best title for the passage? A. Be Careful While Biking B. Bike-friendly Policies Around Us C. Bikes' Rising Popularity in Europe
D. How to Solve the Problems of Transportation 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）B （4）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是中国曾经是自行车王国，但是这些年欧洲人们骑自行车的人的数量正在上升，人们为什么要骑自行车和怎样骑自行车更安全。 （1）细节理解题。根据 Cycling is a safe, clean and cheap way to get around the city. But these years, the popularity of bicycles in Europe is rising. It makes both traffic jams and pollution less, and is great for our health. As the traditional \"cycling capital\" in Northern Europe, Copenhagen's roads keep bicycles and motor cars separated（分离）as much as possible. In Amsterdam, people can hire a bike from almost anywhere in the city. 文章提到自行车可租用，不是免费的，故选A。
（2）词意猜测题。根据 On these roads, there are pre-green lights for cyclists. These kinds of bicycle traffic lights turn green a few seconds before car traffic lights do. They give the cyclists time to avoid traffic while they are crossing. 在这些路上，对于骑行者有优先绿灯。这些自行车的交通绿灯在机动车交通绿灯前几秒钟变绿。当骑行者穿过马路时它们给他们时间来避免交通拥堵。可知此处they指的是优先绿灯。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Although you may think a helmet（头盔）is not cool, it can protect your head if you fall down. 虽然你可能认为头盔不酷，如果你摔下来它能保护你的头。可知戴头盔有用。故选B。
（4）主旨大意题。这篇短文讲的是现在自行车为什么在欧洲很受欢迎。故选C。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。解答细节理解题时，常用定位法，根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案。推理判断题既要透过文章表面文字推测文章隐含意思，又要根据作者的态度、意图和文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，不要固守自己的观点和看法，对于主旨大意题，要根据文章的中心思想确定。
13．阅读理解
Everyone has eaten instant noodles（方便面）. It is very easy to cook it instantly by putting the noodles into the boiling water and adding in ingredient packets, together with other food like eggs or vegetables. However, have you ever wondered whether this is the correct way of cooking it?
When you first take out the noodles from the packaging, you will notice that the noodles are joined together nicely as a piece. In order to make the noodles joined together nicely side by side, it needs some form of wax coating（石蜡涂层） to achieve an attractive instant noodles in front of us.
However, researches have shown that the layer of wax coating on the noodles is quite harmful to our body and we should not eat it too often. It is advisable to have a break of 2-3 days before we start to eat another packet of instant noodles as our body need about 3 days to clear that layer of wax coating away from our body system. Do you know the danger of having too much wax coating stored in our stomach? It will lead to CANCER.
There are two key points to take note while preparing instant noodles: （1） Wash the instant noodles with warm water first, stir it and pour away the water containing the wax coating. （2）Repeat Step 1 and try to stir the noodles again to wash away the wax coating on the noodles before cooking it in a new pot of water.
Hope this article will help you when you choose to eat instant noodles. （1）The function of the wax coating in the instant noodles is to_______. A. make the noodles more delicious and tasty B. make it easier to cook for the consumers
C. make the instant noodles healthier and more attractive to the consumers D. make the noodles joined in a piece and avoid them sticking together （2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The hidden dangers of the instant noodles. B. The way of how our body clears the wax coating. C. How to cook instant noodles.
D. Researches on advantages of the wax coating.
（3）What does the underlined word \"contain\" mean?
A. 去除 B. 包含 C. 储存 D. 需要 （4）What is the purpose of the writer to write the passage? A. To tell us the dangers of instant noodles. B. To tell us how to cook instant noodles.
C. To tell us something about the layer of wax coating on the noodles. D. To tell us how to eat instant noodles safely and healthily. 【答案】 （1）D （2）A （3）B （4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：方便面的害处以及怎样吃方便面更安全，健康。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 In order to make the noodles joined together nicely side by side, it needs some form of wax coating（石蜡涂层） to achieve an attractive instant noodles in front of us.理解可知，石蜡涂层的作用就是使面条很好地并排在一起，故选D。 （2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句owever, researches have shown that the layer of wax coating on the noodles is quite harmful to our body and we should not eat it too often. 理解可知，本段主要解释了方便面潜在的危害，故选A。
（3）词义理解题。根据文中的语句Wash the instant noodles with warm water first, stir it and pour away the water containing the wax coating. 理解可知，contain的含义是包含，故选B。 （4）理解归纳题。通读全文语句理解可知，此文主要介绍了怎样正确，安全健康地吃方便面，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。
14．阅读理解
What can we learn from the special, very successful people in the world who make the impossible possible?
Lesson 1: Ways of creative thinking are needed
Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves because they like to develop their own ways of thinking. They think standard ways of teaching might stop people from being creative and having new ideas. Lesson 2: The answer might not be what you expect
Find your answers from facts-not start with an expectation of what you will find. Stephen Jacobsen believed what he was taught: that water on Earth came from icy comets（封星） or planets which hit into Earth.
However, by studying a special rock, he discovered that it acted like a sponge（海绵）. This suggested that Earth's water might have come from inside, driven to the surface to form the oceans, by geological activity.
\"I had a pretty hard time making others believe it, \"he said. \"But thinking about the fact that you may be the first person to see something for the first time doesn't happen very often. When it does, it's amazing.\"
Lesson 3: A little luck goes a long way
Years of planning went into a recent achievement in space travel. The European Space Agency's \"Philae\, which was 480 million kilometres away.
The trip from Earth by \"Philae\" had taken ten years!
The scientists had no idea what the surface of the comet would be like. If the landing failed, it would be impossible to get information from the spacecraft. Twenty years of work would have been wasted.
When \"Philae\" tried to land, it bounced（弹起） away from the comet's icy surface twice. Luckily, however, \"Philae\" landed successfully and began sending information back to Earth. （1）Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg left college because____________. A. they preferred to learn by themselves B. they needed standard ways of teaching C. their teachers didn't like their new ideas D. their teachers weren't able to teach them （2）In Lesson 2, the writer mainly wants to tell us that___________. A. we should get answers from facts B. we can believe what we are taught C. it's hard to make others believe something D. an expectation can help get an answer in research
（3）The example of \"Philae\" in Lesson 3 shows that________. A. Comet 67P was not far away from Earth B. it took \"Philae\"2o years to reach Comet 67P C. \"Philae\" landed on Comet 67P with a little luck D. scientists know nothing about the surface of Comet 67P （4）The best title for this passage is_____.
A. Ways of learning B. Lessons for success C. Ways of being special D. Lessons for experiments 【答案】 （1）A （2）A （3）C （4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了我们能从世界上那些让不可能成为可能的特别的、非常成功的人身上学到很多。
（1）细节题。根据 Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg both dropped out of college. They prefer to teach themselves because they like to develop their own ways of thinking 可知， 比尔·盖茨和马克·扎克伯格离开大学是因为他们更喜欢自学，故选A。
（2）主旨题。根据 Find your answers from facts 可知， 作者主要想告诉我们应该从事实中得到答案，故选A。
（3）推理题。根据 The European Space Agency's \"Philae\Comet 67P 欧洲航天局的“菲莱”号机器人登陆艇遇到了彗星67p和When \"Philae\" tried to land, it bounced（弹起） away from the comet's icy surface twice. Luckily, however, \"Philae\" landed successfully and began sending information back to Earth 当“菲莱”试图着陆时，它反弹（弹起）远离彗星冰冷的表面两次。然而幸运的是，“菲莱”号成功着陆，并开始向地球发回信息，可知例子表明菲莱幸运地降落在彗星67p上，故选C。
（4）主旨题。根据本文介绍了我们能从世界上那些让不可能成为可能的特别的、非常成
功的人身上学到很多，可知 Lessons for success适合做标题，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
15．阅读理解
Have you found this? Sometimes, on grey, rainy days, your mood level is lower than on bright, sunny days. Is this a coincidence（巧合）, or is there some science behind this? Would you like to know more about how the weather can affect how you feel?
According to a recent study, there is a connection between weather and moods. Going to a warm place in the middle of winter can make our moods better. Pleasant weather has been proved to improve moods and memory. However, extremely hot weather can actually make us feel more tired and bored, spoiling our moods.
In the study, people who spent time outdoors in warm weather were happier than those who spent all day inside.
The best temperature for humans is about 22.2℃. That explains why people in southern California are happy all the time. To improve his or her moods, a person must spend at least 30 minutes outside in warm, sunny weather. Spending time indoors when the weather outside is so nice tends to lower moods.
Maybe just the activities connected with being outside affect our moods. Warm weather is connected with the beach, fun outdoor sports and so on. It brings back childhood memories of playing outside all day. Who doesn't love that?
Of course, we can wake up every day and decide how we will feel that day. If it's rainy, that won't necessarily make us unhappy. We'll just have to bring our umbrellas out and cheer up those who are feeling sad!
（1）According to the study, we may feel on extremely hot days.
A. happier B. more bored C. more excited D. more pleased （2）Warm weather can help improve our moods and according to the passage. A. sight B. memory C. height D. hearing （3）Why are people in southern California happy all the time? A. Because the weather there is always cold. B. Because people there don't like doing sports. C. Because the temperature there is the best for humans. D. Because the weather there is extremely hot all the year round. （4）What is the best title for the passage?
A. Rainy Days Make Us Sad B. The Best Temperature for Humans C. Go Outside on Sunny Days D. How the Weather Affects Our Moods 【答案】 （1）B （2）B （3）C （4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了天气怎样影响人的心情的。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句However, extremely hot weather can actually make us feel more tired and bored, spoiling our moods.理解可知，极端炎热的天气实际上会让我们感到更加疲倦和无聊，破坏我们的心情。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Pleasant weather has been proved to improve moods and memory. 理解可知，宜人的天气有助于改善情绪和记忆力。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The best temperature for humans is about 22.2℃. That explains why people in southern California are happy all the time. 可知，那里的气温最适宜于人类，故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文可知此文主要介绍了天气怎样影响人的情绪的，故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。
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